The history of bamboo baskets

1. After human beings began to settle down, they used local materials and used various tools such as stone axes and knives to cut plant branches into baskets, baskets and other utensils. In practice, it is found that bamboo is neat, strong in crack resistance, elastic and tough, easy to weave, strong and durable. Therefore, bamboo became the main material for making utensils at that time.

2. In Shang Dynasty, the weaving patterns of bamboo and rattan were more abundant. Pottery prints have decorative patterns such as checkered patterns, rice patterns, palindromes and ripples. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the utilization rate of bamboo was expanded, and bamboo weaving gradually developed like technology. The decorative smell of bamboo weaving patterns is getting stronger and stronger, and the weaving is getting finer and finer.

3. Bamboo weaving in Qin and Han Dynasties followed the weaving skills of Chu State. 1980, a checkered pattern was cast at the bottom of the "Qin mausoleum bronze carriage" unearthed by China archaeologists in Xi 'an. According to experts' analysis, this grid pattern was cast according to the grid pattern woven by bamboo mats at that time.

4. In the early Ming Dynasty, there were more and more artists engaged in bamboo weaving in the south of the Yangtze River, wandering the streets and processing at home. Bamboo mats, baskets and boxes are all made of exquisite craft bamboo. Especially bamboo weaving is the most famous. The bamboo mat in Yiyang was founded in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty.

5. After War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression's victory, China's bamboo weaving technology gradually recovered. After 1950s, bamboo weaving art began to be under the jurisdiction of arts and crafts industry and entered the art palace.

6. After1990, Shengzhou in Zhejiang, Qingshen County in Sichuan and Quxian County were successively rated as "Hometown of Bamboo Weaving in China".

7. After entering 2 1 century, bamboo weaving technology gradually lost its market competitiveness and declined, and its weaving technology became an "intangible cultural heritage". However, there are also many bamboo weavers who are still tirelessly pursuing new art, and new works are slowly emerging.

Extended data:

Cultural value

1. Under the charm is the profound cultural connotation of porcelain fetal bamboo weaving: the creative concept of harmony between man and nature.

2. From material selection to editing, every working procedure must be rigorous and accurate. Improper collection time of bamboo can easily lead to insects or mildew of bamboo. The choice of bamboo age determines the flexibility of bamboo, which determines the difficulty and aesthetic degree of porcelain bamboo weaving.

3. The season and region of material selection, the production technology and level of traditional bamboo weaving ultimately determine whether a porcelain embryo bamboo weaving is artistic or not. Although the traditional bamboo weaving is not fantastic, it can better reflect the thought and cultural connotation of the harmony between man and nature emphasized by China's traditional concept of creation.

Baidu encyclopedia-bamboo weaving

2. The History of Basketball18911In early February, it was invented by Dr. james naismith, a physical education teacher at the YMCA International Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. At that time, the basketball rules were only 13, and Dr. naismith died at the age of 78.

He didn't expect that the basketball project created by him actually spread in more than 200 countries, and American basketball is still famous all over the world. To commemorate Dr. naismith's achievement in inventing basketball, the james naismith Memorial Hall of Fame of American Basketball was built in the campus of Springfield College.

At first, naismith nailed two peach baskets to the railing of the stand in the key room. The upper edge of the peach baskets was 3.04 meters from the ground, and they were thrown with football as a game tool. Throw the ball into the basket and score 1 point, and decide the outcome according to the score.

Every time you throw the ball into the basket, climb the ladder, take it out and start the game again. In the future, the bamboo basket will be gradually changed into an iron basket with a movable bottom, and then a net will be hung under the iron ring.

By 1893, nearly modern rebounds, hoops and nets have been formed. In the initial basketball game, there were no strict restrictions on the number of people, the size of the venue and the time of the game.

As long as the number of participants is equal. At the beginning of the game, the players of both sides stood outside the two end lines, and the referee blew the whistle and threw the ball into the center of the court. The two sides ran to the court to grab the ball and started the game.

The bearer can run to the basket with the ball, and the first person who reaches the predetermined score wins. 1892, naismith formulated 13 rules of the game. The main rules are: don't run with the ball, don't make rough moves, don't hit the ball with a fist, or you will be sentenced to three consecutive fouls and fined 1 minute; The competition time is the first half 15 minutes; The size of the venue is also stipulated.

The number of players in the game is gradually reduced to 10, with 9 or 7 players per team. 1893 is set to 5 players per team. 1904 The 3rd Olympic Games, the basketball exhibition match was held for the first time 1.

1908, the United States formulated a unified national basketball rule, which was published in different languages and distributed all over the world. In this way, basketball has gradually spread all over America, Europe and Asia, becoming a worldwide sport. 1936 1 1 The Olympic Games listed men's basketball as an official event, which unified the rules of the world basketball competition. Since then, during the period of 1948, the rule has been revised several times. The important change related to the current rules is that after scoring, the jump ball in the middle circle is changed to the end line of the losing team in the backcourt. The attacker must push the ball to the frontcourt within 10 second; After the ball enters the frontcourt, it is not allowed to return to the backcourt; Offenders are not allowed to stay in the "forbidden zone" for 3 seconds; When the shooter was violated, 1 made a free throw, and 2 missed.

In the basketball competitions of the 1952 Olympic Games, the 15 Olympic Games and the 16 Olympic Games, the International Amateur Basketball Federation twice expanded the "forbidden area" (also known as the "three zones") in the basketball field. It is also stipulated that a team must shoot within 30 seconds after controlling the ball. In the early 1960s, the regulations on 10 seconds and the return of the ball to the backcourt were once suspended, because the touchline midpoint was cancelled after the 1960 17 Olympic Games.

1964 After the Olympic Games, the midfield line will be restored and these regulations will continue to be implemented. 1977, it is added that after each team 10 fouls, two penalties are made for defensive fouls, one for shooting prevention 1 foul, and one for missing penalty 1.

After 198 1, 10 fouls, the penalty was reduced to 8 times. Obviously, the change of personnel and the development of skills and tactics have caused the change of rules, and the change of rules has promoted the further development and change of personnel, skills and tactics.

Especially since the late 1950s, the changes of rules have constantly put forward new and higher requirements for the offensive and defensive speed of basketball matches, athletes' body, skills, tactics, will and style, and promoted the rapid improvement of basketball technical level. The women's basketball was listed as an official event only in197621Olympic Games. Basketball was introduced to China from the Chinese YMCA in Tianjin around 1896, and then to the YMCA in Beijing and Shanghai.

19 10 After the men's basketball exhibition match was held in the National Games, basketball activities were gradually carried out in universities and middle schools in major cities across the country, especially in Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai. The rules of the game were simple at that time. Draw a middle circle with a diameter of about 1 m in the center of the court. The center player must put a hand when jumping the ball. The technology is also simple. After the jump ball in the middle circle, whoever receives the ball dribbles it himself, and shoots if he exceeds the defender.

I was just dribbling in a straight line. The passing method is to pass the ball with one hand and put your hands on your chest. Running shot is a one-handed low-handed layup. The vertical racket is a low-handed racket with both hands in front of the stomach, no matter how far or near. 1925 or so, the five offensive and defensive athletes have a clear division of labor, center to center, defender to striker, someone staring at people, staring at their opponents.

But the striker's duty is to attack and shoot, regardless of retreat; The defender's duty is only to defend the volley, regardless of shooting. Strikers and defenders rarely run all over the field, only the center should give consideration to both offense and defense.

Later, it was gradually changed to 1 assisted two defenders (mobile defenders), and 1 stayed in the backcourt (fixed defenders). The two strikers also became 1 staying in the frontcourt to attack the fast break, 1 retreating to the backcourt to help defend. Technical movements have also developed, such as one-handed running shooting and expert shooting, two-handed standing shooting on the chest, one-handed passing and two-handed touching the ground, two-handed dribbling alternately dodging defense and advancing beyond defense.

The restricted area and the free throw line have been added to the rules. A player who commits four fouls will be disqualified, and any player with 1 can be punished by the captain. The competition time is divided into the first half and the second half with an interval of 10 minute.

After each shot or free throw, jump the ball to the middle circle and start the game again. But since 1926, the basketball level in China has been greatly improved.

Origin and development of basketball: Modern basketball originated from 189 1 and the United States. James naismith was then a physical education teacher at Springfield Youth Christian School in Massachusetts, USA.

At that time, it was called "naismith Ball", and later it was called "Basketball". Finally, according to the activity content, it is to throw a ball into the basketball basket, and the life in profile is basketball. First, the initial stage (19.

3. How old is basketball? Basketball has a history of 100 years.

Basketball is the core event of the Olympic Games, and it is a hand-centered antagonistic sport.

Basketball originated in America. 18911February 21February 265438 was invented by james naismith, a physical education teacher at the YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. From 65438 to 0896, basketball was introduced to China.

1904, the 1 th basketball exhibition was held in St. Louis Olympic Games. From 65438 to 0936, basketball was listed as the official event of the Berlin Olympic Games. From 65438 to 0992, the Barcelona Olympic Games began, and professional players could participate in Olympic basketball games.

The main international basketball organization is the International Basketball Federation (International Amateur Basketball Federation), founded in 1932 and headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

4. The Historical Origin of Basketball Dr. james naismith (Dr. James Nai * * * ith,18616-01939128) is the inventor of basketball. He was also the first basketball coach to assemble five players to form a team.

Naismith was born in Almonte, Ontario. He is the eldest son of 185 1 Scottish immigrant family who went to Canada to mine.

Invent basketball

189 1 year, james naismith worked as a physical education teacher at the YMCA International Training School (later Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts, and was also an American football coach at McGill University. At that time, naismith was asked to find an interesting and easy-to-learn winter indoor physical education class game, which could help students get rid of boredom.

Naismith was inspired by a game called "Ducks on the Rock" in Canada, in which some Canadian children threw balls into a peach basket. The basketball match in naismith was originally conceived on June 5438+065438+1October 5438+05. The earliest rules did not stipulate dribbling, but only allowed the ball to pass through the court. Later, I wrote 13 basketball rules. At first, naismith nailed two peach baskets to the railing of the stand in the key room. The upper edge of the peach baskets was 3.04 meters from the ground, and they were thrown with football as a game tool. Throw the ball into the basket and score 1 point, and decide the outcome according to the score. Every time you throw the ball into the basket, climb the ladder, take it out and start the game again. Later, the bamboo basket was gradually changed into an iron basket with a movable bottom, and then a net was hung under the iron ring. After a hundred years of perfection, the current basketball rules have been formed.

Basketball has become a popular men's sport in the United States and Canada, and it has spread in other countries at a very fast speed. In addition, some efforts have been made to establish a set of rules for women's basketball. At first, there was great resistance, so the pace of real promotion should be slower.

Men's basketball was officially listed as an Olympic event in 1936 Berlin Olympic Games. Dr naismith awarded medals to the top three basketball players in that Olympic Games. The top three were won by three North American teams: the United States beat Canada in outdoor Tian Yu to win the gold medal, naismith's native Canada won the silver medal and Mexico won the bronze medal. The women's basketball was not officially listed as an Olympic event until 1976 Montreal Olympic Games. 1904 There is a basketball exhibition match at the St. Louis Olympic Games.

5. The History of Basketball 189 1 12 The YMCA International Training School (later Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA was invented by Dr. james naismith, the school's physical education teacher. At that time, the basketball rules were only 13, and Dr. naismith was in 65438.

He didn't expect that the basketball project created by him actually spread in more than 200 countries, and American basketball is still famous all over the world. It was introduced to Europe by the US military during the First World War.

To commemorate Dr. naismith's achievement in inventing basketball, the james naismith Memorial Hall of Fame of American Basketball was built in the campus of Springfield College. 189 1 year, naismith taught at the YMCA International Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts.

Luther gulick, the head of the physical education department of this school, commissioned him to design an indoor group game to implement the winter physical education class syllabus. He was inspired by the game that local children like to throw balls into peach baskets (peaches are abundant in the local area, and every family has peach baskets) and created basketball games.

At first, naismith nailed two peach baskets to the railing of the stand in the key room. The upper edge of the peach baskets was 3.05 meters from the ground, and they were thrown with football as a game tool. Throw the ball into the basket and score 1 point, and decide the outcome according to the score.

Every time you throw the ball into the basket, climb the ladder, take it out and start the game again. In the future, the bamboo basket will be gradually changed into an iron basket with a movable bottom, and then a net will be hung under the iron ring.

People call this game "naismith Ball" or "Basketball". After a long time, I named it "Basketball" after repeated discussions with my colleagues. Naismith invented basketball at the age of 30, but it was ignored for nearly half a century after its birth, and was not respected until 1936 Berlin Olympic Games.

75-year-old naismith arrived in Berlin with the American basketball team, but the coach of the American basketball team was only responsible for his air ticket from the United States to Berlin, not for his hotel and entrance fee in Berlin. The American Olympic Committee turned a blind eye to this, which made the father of basketball feel very heavy.

William jones, the first secretary-general of the International Amateur Basketball Federation, respected and admired him very much. He not only settled his hotel expenses, but also invited him to kick off the first basketball match of the Olympic Games. Before kick-off, Jones introduced the inventor of basketball to all the participating athletes, and naismith was warmly welcomed by everyone.

After all the games, Jones arranged for Ness to preside over the award ceremony and awarded him a special Olympic medal in recognition of his achievements in inventing basketball. When a little German girl gave him the laurel of the moon, naismith was ecstatic and threw her hat into the sky.

Naismith died on 1939. In order to remember this basketball pioneer forever, FIBA decided to name the gold cup of the World Men's Basketball Championship "Naismith Cup" at the first Central Bureau meeting held during the World Men's Basketball Championship 1950/kloc-0.

By 1893, nearly modern rebounds, hoops and nets have been formed. In the initial basketball game, there were no strict restrictions on the number of people, the size of the venue and the time of the game.

As long as the number of participants is equal. At the beginning of the game, the players of both sides stood outside the two end lines, and the referee blew the whistle and threw the ball into the center of the court. The two sides ran to the court to grab the ball and started the game.

The bearer can run to the basket with the ball, and the first person who reaches the predetermined score wins. 1892, naismith formulated 13 rules of the game. The main rules are: don't run with the ball, don't make rough moves, don't hit the ball with a fist, or you will be sentenced to three consecutive fouls and fined 1 minute; The competition time is the first half 15 minutes; The size of the venue is also stipulated.

The number of players in the game is gradually reduced to 10, with 9 or 7 players per team. 1893 is set to 5 players per team. 1904 The 3rd Olympic Games, the basketball exhibition match was held for the first time 1.

1908, the United States formulated a unified national basketball rule, which was published in different languages and distributed all over the world. In this way, basketball has gradually spread all over America, Europe and Asia, becoming a worldwide sport. 1936 1 1 The Olympic Games listed men's basketball as an official event, which unified the rules of the world basketball competition. Since then, during the period of 1948, the rule has been revised several times. The important change related to the current rules is that after scoring, the jump ball in the middle circle is changed to the end line of the losing team in the backcourt. The attacker must push the ball to the frontcourt within 10 second; After the ball enters the frontcourt, it is not allowed to return to the backcourt; Offenders are not allowed to stay in the "forbidden zone" for 3 seconds; When the shooter was violated, 1 made a free throw, and 2 missed.

In the basketball matches of the1952nd Olympic Games,15th Olympic Games and16th Olympic Games, the International Amateur Basketball Federation twice expanded the "forbidden zone" (also known as the "3-second zone") in the basketball field. It is also stipulated that a team must shoot within 30 seconds after controlling the ball. In the early 1960s, the regulations on 10 seconds and the return of the ball to the backcourt were once suspended, because the touchline midpoint was cancelled after the 1960 17 Olympic Games.

1964 After the Olympic Games, the midfield line will be restored and these regulations will continue to be implemented. 1977, it is added that after each team 10 fouls, two penalties are made for defensive fouls, one for shooting prevention 1 foul, and one for missing penalty 1.

After 198 1, 10 fouls, the penalty was reduced to 8 times. Obviously, the change of personnel and the development of skills and tactics have caused the change of rules, and the change of rules has promoted the further development and change of personnel, skills and tactics.

Especially since the late 1950s, the changes of rules have constantly put forward new and higher requirements for the offensive and defensive speed of basketball matches, athletes' body, skills, tactics, will and style, and promoted the rapid improvement of basketball technical level. The women's basketball was listed as an official event only in197621Olympic Games. Basketball was introduced to China from the Chinese YMCA in Tianjin around 1896, and then to the YMCA in Beijing and Shanghai.

19 10 After the National Games held the men's basketball exhibition match, basketball activities in universities and middle schools in major cities all over the country gradually developed, among which Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai developed well and were at a high level. At that time, the rules of the game were very simple. Draw a basketball game with a diameter of about 1 m in the center of the stadium.

6. The history and culture of hand-knitting explain the basic concepts of hand-knitting technology:

Hand-woven technology of plant branches, leaves, stems and skins after processing.

Evolution:

Weaving is one of the oldest handicrafts of mankind. According to the Book of Changes, in the Paleolithic Age, humans woven nets (net bags) from plant bast, filled with stone balls, and threw them out to harm animals. On the pottery unearthed from Neolithic sites such as Xi 'an Banpo, Miaodigou and Sanliqiao, the word "ten" and the word "human" are printed, which clearly shows that it was trampled by mats, and some found that the residual bamboo pieces of mats adhered to the bottom of the pottery bowl. The reed mat unearthed from Hemudu site in Yuyao, Zhejiang Province is about 7000 years ago. 1958 The bamboo weaving unearthed at the site of the late Neolithic Age in Qianshanyang Village, Huzhou, Zhejiang Province is even more amazing, with more than 200 pieces, most of which are scraped. The weaving techniques in this period are also quite exquisite, such as Chinese characters, crosses, diamonds, clubs and so on. The types of utensils are baskets, baskets, reeds, baskets and so on. In the Zhou Dynasty, it was very common to weave mats with cattail. In the Han Dynasty, rushes (also known as rushes, Malan grasses and rushes) were woven into mats, which were produced in Sanfu (now central Shaanxi) and Hedong (now Xiaxian County, Shanxi). In the Tang Dynasty, the making of straw mats was very common. The rattan woven by Fujian and Guangdong, the straw woven by wickerwork in Cangzhou, Hebei and Zhou Pu (now Yongji and Hejin) are all famous handicrafts. Among them, Guangdong rattan also has curtains for weaving flowers, fish, insects and birds. In the Song Dynasty, the varieties of bamboo weaving in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province were dragon lanterns, lanterns, incense baskets and flower baskets. , you can weave calligraphy and painting, patterns and exquisite crafts. Within the area of 1 1 cm2, 120 bamboo strips can be woven, some of which are decorated with gold thread. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, straw weaving, rattan weaving and bamboo weaving had developed in Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hunan, Sichuan, Fujian and Guangdong, and were exported at the end of 19.

7. Introduction to Basketball History 189 1 was founded by Dr. J. naismith, a physical education teacher at the YMCA Training School in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. In the initial basketball game, there were no strict restrictions on the number of people, the size of the venue and the time of the game. It is only stipulated that the number of people participating in the game must be equal. At the beginning of the game, the players of both sides stood outside the two end lines respectively. The referee blew his whistle and threw the ball into the center of the court. The two sides ran to the court to grab the ball and started the game. The bearer can run to the basket with the ball, and the first person who reaches the predetermined score wins. 1892, naismith formulated the competition rules of 13, the main provisions are no running with the ball, no rough movements, no hitting the ball with fists, etc. By 1893, nearly modern rebounds, hoops and nets have been formed. And set it to 5 people per team. 1904 the third Olympic games held in St. Louis held the first basketball exhibition match. From 65438 to 0908, the United States formulated a unified national basketball rule, which was published in many languages and distributed around the world. In this way, basketball has gradually spread all over America, Europe and Asia, becoming a worldwide sport. 1936 The first 1 1 Olympic Games listed men's basketball as an official event, which unified the rules of world basketball competition. Since then, the rules have been revised many times. The main contents of the revision are as follows: (1) changing the mid-circle jump ball after scoring to the losing team throwing a foul ball outside the backcourt end line to continue the game; The attacker must push the ball to the frontcourt within 10 second; After the ball enters the frontcourt, it is not allowed to return to the backcourt; Offenders shall not stay in the other party's restricted area for more than 3 seconds; After the first team controls the ball, it must make a shot within 30 seconds; 2 points in the basket, 3 points in the shooting area, free throw 1 point. 1977, after adding 10 team to make a foul every half hour, the opponent will make a free throw, and one of the two will be made when defending the foul; Shooting against two fouls 1, missed shot 1. 1985 The total number of fouls committed by the whole team every half hour was changed from 10 to 7. 1990 stipulates that the stadium size for the Olympic Games and the World Championships is 28m long and15m wide. The women's basketball was listed as an official event in the 2nd 1976 Olympic Games.

Basketball was introduced to China from Tianjin Chinese YMCA around 1896. 19 10 The National Games held a men's basketball exhibition match, and then basketball gradually developed in China. After 1926, the basketball level in China has been greatly improved. China men's basketball team participated in1913 ~1934 * * and won the championship in the 5th Far East Games held in Shanghai on 192 1. In addition, he also participated in the 1 1 Olympic basketball tournament held in Berlin in 1936 and the14th Olympic basketball tournament held in London in 1948. The women's basketball team didn't play until 1924 National Games. After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), basketball developed rapidly and widely throughout the country. 195 1 hold a national basketball match. 1954 established the national league system, and 1956 changed it to the first and second level lifting league system. 1976 and 1978, China hosted the international invitational tournament for the first time. 198 1 year, FIBA approved the first batch of 1 1 international basketball referees in China. By the end of 1992, there were 35 international basketball referees in China. 1992 Barcelona Olympic Games, China women's basketball team won the second and third place in 1994 World Women's Basketball Championship. The men's team won the Asian championship in succession, participated in the Olympic Games and the World Basketball Tournament on behalf of Asia for many times, and won the eighth place in the 1994 World Basketball Tournament.

8. The history of basketball. 189 1 12 was invented by Dr. james naismith, a physical education teacher at the YMCA International Training School (later Springfield College) in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. At that time, the basketball rules were only 13, and Dr. naismith died on 1939 at the age of 78.

He didn't expect that the basketball game created by him actually spread in more than 200 countries, and American basketball is still famous all over the world. To commemorate Dr. naismith's achievement in inventing basketball, the james naismith Memorial Hall of Fame of American Basketball was built in the campus of Springfield College.

At first, naismith nailed two peach baskets to the railing of the stand in the key room. The upper edge of the peach baskets was 3.04 meters from the ground, and they were thrown with football as a game tool. Throw the ball into the basket and score 1 point, and decide the outcome according to the score.

Every time you throw the ball into the basket, climb the ladder, take it out and start the game again. In the future, the bamboo basket will be gradually changed into an iron basket with a movable bottom, and then a net will be hung under the iron ring.

By 1893, nearly modern rebounds, hoops and nets have been formed. In the initial basketball game, there were no strict restrictions on the number of people, the size of the venue and the time of the game.

As long as the number of participants is equal. At the beginning of the game, the players of both sides stood outside the two end lines, and the referee blew the whistle and threw the ball into the center of the court. The two sides ran to the court to grab the ball and started the game.

The bearer can run to the basket with the ball, and the first person who reaches the predetermined score wins. 1892, naismith formulated 13 rules of the game. The main rules are: don't run with the ball, don't make rough moves, don't hit the ball with a fist, or you will be sentenced to three consecutive fouls and fined 1 minute; The competition time is the first half 15 minutes; The size of the venue is also stipulated.

The number of players in the game is gradually reduced to 10, with 9 or 7 players per team. 1893 is set to 5 players per team. 1904 The 3rd Olympic Games, the basketball exhibition match was held for the first time 1.

1908, the United States formulated a unified national basketball rule, which was published in different languages and distributed all over the world. In this way, basketball has gradually spread all over America, Europe and Asia, becoming a worldwide sport. 1936 1 1 The Olympic Games listed men's basketball as an official event, which unified the rules of the world basketball competition. Since then, during the period of 1948, the rule has been revised several times. The important change related to the current rules is that after scoring, the jump ball in the middle circle is changed to the end line of the losing team in the backcourt. The attacker must push the ball to the frontcourt within 10 second; After the ball enters the frontcourt, it is not allowed to return to the backcourt; Offenders are not allowed to stay in the "forbidden zone" for 3 seconds; When the shooter was violated, 1 made a free throw, and 2 missed.

In the basketball competitions of the 1952 Olympic Games, the 15 Olympic Games and the 16 Olympic Games, the International Amateur Basketball Federation twice expanded the "forbidden area" (also known as the "three zones") in the basketball field. It is also stipulated that a team must shoot within 30 seconds after controlling the ball. In the early 1960s, the regulations on 10 seconds and the return of the ball to the backcourt were once suspended, because the touchline midpoint was cancelled after the 1960 17 Olympic Games.

1964 After the Olympic Games, the midfield line will be restored and these regulations will continue to be implemented. 1977, it is added that after each team 10 fouls, two penalties are made for defensive fouls, one for shooting prevention 1 foul, and one for missing penalty 1.

After 198 1, 10 fouls, the penalty was reduced to 8 times. Obviously, the change of personnel and the development of skills and tactics have caused the change of rules, and the change of rules has promoted the further development and change of personnel, skills and tactics.

Especially since the late 1950s, the changes of rules have constantly put forward new and higher requirements for the offensive and defensive speed of basketball matches, athletes' body, skills, tactics, will and style, and promoted the rapid improvement of basketball technical level. The women's basketball was listed as an official event only in197621Olympic Games. Basketball was introduced to China from the Chinese YMCA in Tianjin around 1896, and then to the YMCA in Beijing and Shanghai.

19 10 After the men's basketball exhibition match was held in the National Games, basketball activities were gradually carried out in universities and middle schools in major cities across the country, especially in Tianjin, Beijing and Shanghai. The rules of the game were simple at that time. Draw a middle circle with a diameter of about 1 m in the center of the court. The center player must put a hand when jumping the ball. The technology is also simple. After the jump ball in the middle circle, whoever receives the ball dribbles it himself, and shoots if he exceeds the defender.

I was just dribbling in a straight line. The passing method is to pass the ball with one hand and put your hands on your chest. Running shot is a one-handed low-handed layup. The vertical racket is a low-handed racket with both hands in front of the stomach, no matter how far or near. 1925 or so, the five offensive and defensive athletes have a clear division of labor, center to center, defender to striker, someone staring at people, staring at their opponents.

But the striker's duty is to attack and shoot, regardless of retreat; The defender's duty is only to defend the volley, regardless of shooting. Strikers and defenders rarely run all over the field, only the center should give consideration to both offense and defense.

Later, it was gradually changed to 1 assisted two defenders (mobile defenders), and 1 stayed in the backcourt (fixed defenders). The two strikers also became 1 staying in the frontcourt to attack the fast break, 1 retreating to the backcourt to help defend. Technical movements have also developed, such as one-handed running shooting and expert shooting, two-handed standing shooting on the chest, one-handed passing and two-handed touching the ground, two-handed dribbling alternately dodging defense and advancing beyond defense.

The restricted area and the free throw line have been added to the rules. A player who commits four fouls will be disqualified, and any player with 1 can be punished by the captain. The competition time is divided into the first half and the second half with an interval of 10 minute.

After each shot or free throw, jump the ball to the middle circle and start the game again. But since 1926, the basketball level in China has been greatly improved.

Origin and development of basketball: Modern basketball originated from 189 1 and the United States. James naismith was then a physical education teacher at Springfield Youth Christian School in Massachusetts, USA.

At that time, it was called "naismith Ball", and later it was called "Basketball". Finally, according to the activity content, it is to throw a ball into the basketball basket, and the life in profile is basketball. First, the initial stage (19.