What is the meaning of the five Olympic rings logo? Who designed them?

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The Olympic logo was first designed according to the proposal of Mr. Coubertin in 1913. At first, the IOC adopted blue, yellow, black, green and red as the colors of the five rings because it represented the colors of the national flags of the IOC member countries at that time.

At the Olympic Plenary Session held in Paris in 1914 to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the revival of the Olympic Games, Mr. Coubertin explained his thoughts on the design of the logo: "The five rings - blue, yellow, green, red and black - symbolize the world's recognition of the Olympic movement and its readiness to participate in the the five continents of the Olympic competition, (sky blue for Europe, yellow for Asia, black for Africa, grass green for Australia, red for America) the sixth color white - the base of the flag, meaning that all countries without exception can compete under their own flag." Thus, the five rings, which are the symbols of the Olympic Games and are interlocked together, embody the idea put forward by Coubertin that colonized nations could be absorbed into the Olympic Games to serve the cause of peace among all nations.

Since the seventh Antwerp Olympic Games in 1920, the five Olympic rings of blue, yellow, black, green and red began to become the symbols of the five continents, which fully embodies the content of Olympism, "all countries - all nations" of the "Olympic family" theme. The theme of the "Olympic Family" was fully realized. The official website of the Olympics suggests that the statement "each ring represents a corresponding continent" is correct. （

The Olympic logo symbolizes the coming together of athletes from all five continents and all over the world at the Olympic Games, fully reflecting the content of Olympism, the theme of the "Olympic family" of "all nations - one for all peoples". It not only represents the unity and friendship of athletes from all over the world on all five continents under the Olympic flag, but also emphasizes that all athletes should meet on the playing field in a spirit of fair and honest sportsmanship.

Pierre De Coubertin

(January 1, 1863-September 2, 1937)

Introduction

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Coubertin was a famous French educator and the founder of the modern Olympic movement. Born on January 1, 1863, he was the founder of the Olympic Movement. His outstanding achievements are mainly in the education of students and social competitive sports.

In May 1888, Coubertin put forward "the only solution is to call the children to play" in response to the "academic overwork" of students. 1889, May, he utilized the Universal Exposition to convene physical education meetings and student games. 1892, he called for the revival of the Olympic Movement. In 1892, he called for the revival of the Olympic Movement. This was followed by the establishment of the Olympic Committee in June 1894 and the first Olympic Games in 1896 in Athens. Now the Olympics have become a world-scale sports event, and the Olympic spirit he advocated has spread across the globe. He is known as the "Father of the Olympics" because of his monumental work for the Olympics.

Pierre de Coubertin, the initiator of the modern Olympic Games, known as the "Father of the Modern Olympics", and a lifelong advocate of the Olympic spirit, was born on January 1, 1863 in Paris, France, and served as the President of the International Olympic Committee from 1896 to 1925, and was also the designer of the Olympic emblem, He was also the designer of the Olympic emblem and the Olympic flag. He was not only a world-renowned international sportsman, but also an accomplished educator and historian. The former residence of the second IOC President Le Baron Pierre Gubbertin is in Chateau de Mirville, Normandy, France, and there is a sign at the entrance of the Chateau that reads "Pierre Gubbertin, Father of the Modern Olympics, Educator, and Historian: 1863-1937."

Gubbertin was born in a French noble family, and had the title of baron. He grew up enjoying aristocratic sports such as fencing, rowing, horseback riding, and also boxing. His father, Charles de Coubertin, was a famous painter.

In 1913, Coubertin designed the emblem and flag for the International Olympic Committee. The flag design has a white background, no border, and five interlocking colorful rings of blue, yellow, black, green, and red, symbolizing the unity of the five continents as well as athletes from all over the world meeting in the Olympic Games in the spirit of fair play and friendship. In addition, he also initiated the lighting of the Olympic flame and the establishment of the Olympic Cup. In determining the slogan for the Olympic Games, Coubertin initially felt that the slogan "Unity, Friendship, Peace" should guide the competition. Later, one of his friends, Father Didon, proposed the slogan "Faster, Higher, Stronger", which was appreciated by Coubertin, who believed that it embodied the great spirit of human beings to always be upward and progressive, and later initiated it as the slogan of the International Olympic Games. 1925 Coubertin resigned from the post of President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). During his term of office (1896-1925), the number of IOC members increased from 14 to 40, and more than 20 international specialized sports federations were established. He was made Honorary President of the IOC for life after he left office.

Gubaidan made outstanding achievements in social athletic sports. 1892 he called for the revival of the Olympic movement, after which he established the International Olympic Committee in June 1894, and held the 1st Olympic Games in Athens in 1896, and began a life of sports activism. 1924 Gu Guubaidan resigned from the Olympic Committee, which he had served as president for 28 years. On September 2, 1937, the world was moved when this great heart stopped beating forever.

Biography

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Gubbertin was born in 1863 in Paris, France, into an aristocratic Catholic family. His father was a royalist bureaucrat, and his mother was engaged in philanthropy and was a devout believer. The youngest child in the family, from his teenage years, he had a broad interest in sports, favorite boxing, rowing, fencing and horseback riding and other sports. He grew up smart and diligent. After school, he admired the erudite rhetoric teacher, Father Caron, and for this reason, he had a strong interest in literature and history courses, and dabbled in the splendid culture of ancient Greece with great interest. After graduating from high school, he first attended the Military Academy and then studied education. In order to further his education, he went to England to study. There, he studied the history of British education and wrote an academic paper on the educational ideas of Thomas Arnott, the 18th-century British child educator. Arnott once said, "Sport is an activity of self-education of youth. This famous saying induced a spark of commitment to physical education in the mind of Gubaidan. At that time, he also examined the current situation of education and sports in England, and appreciated the physical education classes, extracurricular sports activities and regular excursions in schools there, hoping that physical education classes could be set up in French schools to cultivate students' collectivism and the spirit of hard work and physical fitness. At that time, he was y saddened by France's defeat in the Franco-Prussian War of 1870, and hoped to revitalize France by reforming education and enhancing the physical fitness of the people.

Under the influence of ancient Greek culture and the bourgeoisie's education in England at that time, he gradually developed the idea of reforming the French education system and advocating sports. After graduating from university, Coubertin did not listen to his parents' advice to get involved in the military and the legal profession, but chose to engage in education and sports.

After returning to China, he published a series of works, such as History of France after 1870, Reform of the Educational System, Principles of Guidance in Sports, Ideal of Sports Psychology, Memoirs of England and Greece, and British Pedagogy, etc., and put forward a number of proposals for reforming education and developing sports, which attracted the attention of the people of France and exerted a certain degree of international influence.

Between 1875 and 1881, under the efforts of European archaeologists, in the midst of destruction, the monumental site of the ancient Olympic Games was constantly being excavated, and each year the results of the excavations were rapidly announced. Thus, Coubertin, like a number of other persons interested in Olympia, was able to listen to the announcements in a timely and detailed manner. In response, he came up with a very valuable plan for the excavations. At the time he had written, "The Germans have unearthed the ruins of Olympia, but why should not France set about restoring his ancient and glorious history?"

In order to realize his ambition, Coubertin crossed the English Channel and examined the situation of sports in the U.K. In 1887, he made a report entitled "Comparison of the French and British Secondary Education Systems", which gave a high evaluation to the British outdoor games in education and advocated that competitive games should be carried out among the students in France and that education be reformed by focusing on sports. 1888, in May of this year, Coubertin made a report on the "comparison of the French and British secondary education systems", in which he gave a high evaluation to the British outdoor games and advocated that sports be carried out among the students in France and reformed education by focusing on sports. In May, 1888, Coubertin proposed the following solution to the problem of overworked students due to overloaded studies: "The only solution is to let the children play." That year, Coubertin became secretary general of the Preparatory Committee for Physical Training in French Schools. The following year, under the impetus of St. Clair, the "French Federation of Physical Education and Sport" was established. In the same year, Coubertin represented France at the Sports Training Conference in Boston, USA. During the meeting, he further understood the dynamics of the development of world sports, and keenly felt that the development of modern sports is moving towards internationalization, and a number of international sports federations were established one after another. For example, the International Gymnastics Federation was established in 1881, and the International Rowing Federation and the International Skating Federation were established in 1892. These organizations laid the foundation for the birth of the modern Olympic Games.

In order to further investigate the situation of sports in various countries, Coubertin visited some European countries, and in 1890, he visited Olympia in Greece, the birthplace of the Olympic movement, for the first time in his life. When he saw the ruins of the ancient Olympic Games, he was very emotional and had the idea of organizing the Olympic Games with the participation of various countries, in order to enhance the friendship between athletes of various countries.

In this year, Coubertin was entrusted by the French government to be responsible for investigating and researching the sports work of the university, so he took the opportunity to send out a questionnaire on the state of sports to many countries in the world. Through the investigation, he found that the international sports organizations are full of contradictions and confusion, antagonism is very serious, sports are increasingly commercialized. Thus, he realized that he could rely on the historical experience and traditional influence of ancient Greek sports to promote international sports, and at the same time, he y felt that the modern Olympic Games should be established as soon as possible with the ancient Olympic spirit, and the spirit of "unity, friendship and peace" should be used to guide the competition, so as to eliminate all kinds of confusion and bad tendencies existing in the field of sports. The spirit of "unity, friendship and peace" should be used to guide the competitions, so as to eliminate the undesirable tendency of chaos in sports. So, he actively started the work of founding the modern Olympic Games.

In 1891, Coubertin reorganized the "Eurythmy Committee" into the "Higher Council of Sport". In the same year, he also founded the magazine "Sports Review", which was used as a platform to enthusiastically publicize his ideas on sports. At that time, the admirer of the Godfather Didon founded an academic club, put forward the slogan of "faster, higher, stronger". Coubertin greatly appreciated and approved of this slogan, which was later adopted as the slogan of the International Olympic Games. Because it embodies the spirit of human beings to always be upward and progressive.

November 25, 1892, in the "French Sports Federation" in the third anniversary of the founding of the General Assembly, Gu Baidan delivered a speech entitled "revival of the Olympic", he formally put forward for the first time in the founding of the modern Olympic Games initiative.

In order to make this initiative quickly realized, Coubertin proposed that the "French Sports Federation" to initiate and convene an "international sports conference" attended by representatives of the world's major "sports federations". The idea was to convene an "international sports conference" with the participation of representatives of the major "sports federations" of the world, in order to consult specifically on the revival of the Olympic Games. To this end, a "Preparatory Committee" was set up, headed by Coubertin and composed of prominent figures from the United Kingdom, the United States and France, and then he traveled to the United Kingdom and the United States to further publicize the idea of reviving the Olympic Games. Under his impetus, an international sports consultation was held in Paris in 1893 to discuss the creation of the modern Olympic Games.

After years of hard work and careful preparation by Coubertin and his colleagues, the "Congress for the Restoration of the Olympic Games" was held from June 18 to 24, 1894 in Paris. Seventy-nine official delegates from 12 European and American countries attended the meeting. At this historic meeting, a charter for the restoration of the Olympic Movement was unanimously adopted, defining the purpose of the modern Olympic Games and stipulating that only amateur athletes were allowed to participate. In order to organize the modern Olympic Games, the International Olympic Committee (IOC), the permanent governing body of the Olympic Games, was also formally established. The famous Greek poet Ze Vikelas was elected as the first President and Coubertin was elected as the Secretary General. It was also decided that the first modern Olympic Games would be held in April 1896 in Greece. Subsequent Games were to be held every four years in the tradition of the ancient Olympic Games.

In October 1894, Coubertin again made a field trip to the Olympia area. In order to save money and convenient transportation, he canceled the intention of holding the games in Olympia, decided to hold the first modern Olympic Games according to the ancient Greek style, in Athens, a new stadium with a capacity of 5,000 spectators. After Gu Baidan's multi-running, active efforts, in the Greek rich businessman George Averoff funding, the first Olympic Games in Athens on April 5, 1896 was held in triumph.

Gubaidan demanded that the Games be held all over the world, and opposed the idea of making Greece the permanent site of the Games. He believed that the glorious history of the ancient Olympic Games was that of the Greek nation and of all mankind, and that only by making it widely spread in different countries and regions, and by making it an international event, could the Olympic spirit be carried forward and become more vital.

In defense of the purity of the Olympic spirit, in 1912, Coubertin published his masterpiece "Ode to Sports" during the Stockholm Olympics. He passionately composted sports and expressed his Olympic ideals. For this, he was honored with the Gold Medal of the Olympic Games Literary and Artistic Competition. Ode to Sports:

Ah, sports,

The pleasure of the gods, the driving force of life.

You descended suddenly into the gray forest clearing,

and the sufferers were thrilled.

You are like a radiant messenger,

who smiles at the twilight years.

You are like the morning sun on the top of the mountains,

lighting up the darkness of the earth.

Ah, sport, you are beauty!

The human body you mold becomes noble or vile,

depending on whether it is led into depravity by shameful desires;

or nurtured by wholesome forces.

There is no beauty without proportion and harmony.

Your role is unparalleled,

to harmonize the three;

to make the human body move in rhythm;

to make the movement graceful,

to make the softness in the toughness.

Ah, sports, you are justice!

You embody the fairness and rationality that cannot be pursued in social life.

No one should exceed the speed by one second,

overstep the height by one centimeter.

The key to success,

can only be the integration of physical and mental strength.

Ah, sport, you are courage!

The whole point of muscular exertion is to dare to fight.

What is the use of being agile and strong if not for this?

What good is muscularity?

What we mean by courage,

isn't the adventurer's wager,

but careful deliberation.

Ah, sport, you are honor!

Honor must be earned fairly and impartially,

or else it is meaningless.

There is a man who plays the unseemly trick of deceiving his fellows.

And he is hanged with shame in his heart.

One day he will be recognized, and his reputation will be destroyed.

Ah, sport, you are fun!

Thinking of you fills the heart with joy,

the circulation of the blood is increased, the mind is more open,

the organization becomes clearer.

You can make the life of the sad people more relaxed,

and you can make the life of the happy people more sweet.

Oh, sports, you are the fertile ground for the cultivation of mankind.

Through the most direct way,

You strengthen the nation's physique and correct the deformed body,

Preventing the disease before it occurs

The athlete is inspired:

Hopefully, the offspring will grow strong and vigorous,

And continue to win laurels and victories.

Ah, sport, you are progress!

For mankind's day-to-day change,

Physical and mental changes have to be taken care of at the same time,

You prescribe good habits,

demanding that people be alerted to excesses.

You admonish people to follow the rules,

and to utilize human beings to the best of their ability,

without damaging the healthy body.

Ah, sport, thou art peace,

and thou makest happy bonds between peoples.

Thou art born of controlled, organized, skillful physical competition,

which enables the youth of the world to learn to respect and to learn from each other,

and which makes the different qualities of the nations the motive power of a noble and peaceful contest.

This "Ode to Sports" has become an important text in fifth grade textbooks.

In 1913, Coubertin meticulously designed the flag for the IOC, a white, borderless flag with five colored rings in the center, blue, black, red, yellow and green. It symbolizes the unity of the five continents and the spirit of fair and honest competition and friendship in which athletes from all over the world meet at the Olympic Games.

In addition, Coubertin pioneered the field of sport psychology in sports. He published masterpieces such as Trial of Sport Psychology (1913) and Pedagogy of Athletic Sports (1919); he also published insights on the classification of sports, making his own contribution to the academic study of sports.

From 1896 to 1925, Baron Coubertin served as President of the International Olympic Committee. responsible for the leadership of the organization. During his tenure, the IOC membership grew from 14 to 40. At the same time, with his support, more than 20 international specialized sports federations were established.In 1924, he voluntarily resigned from the IOC presidency, which he had held for 28 years, due to his advanced age, but he was made honorary president for life.

Thirteen years later, on September 2, 1937, Baron Coubertin died of heart disease at the age of 74 in Lausanne. In accordance with his wishes, his body was buried in Lausanne, Switzerland, while his heart was buried in Olympia, the birthplace of the Olympic Games in ancient Greece. He hoped that even though he had fallen into the ground, his heart could still beat with the pulse of the Olympic movement.