Snow Desert: Dong's Great Songs and Western Folk Songs —— Notes from Congjiang (Ⅲ)

Snow Desert: Dong's Great Songs and Western Folk Songs —— Notes from Congjiang (Ⅲ)

Xiao Huang's "Da Ge of Dong Nationality" is well-known at home and abroad. Known as "Dong Shi's lair", it is the hometown and ocean of songs. This time, I had a chance to witness its elegance with my own eyes. I'm really glad you came.

As soon as we arrived at the village entrance, we were surrounded by a group of Dong girls wearing traditional national costumes. They sang "Road Blocking Songs" and held "Road Blocking Wine" to welcome guests into the village with the highest etiquette. The girls here are all young and shy, but they can all sing and dance, and they drink a lot of wine. They smiled sweetly and brilliantly, and worked hard when singing.

On that day, China? The Hundred Villages Singing Competition of "Inheriting, Protecting and Developing the 4th Congjiang Dong People's Song Festival" was held in Huang Xiao Village. More than 3000 Dong women sang Dong songs together, and the scene was spectacular. Dong folk songs are multi-voice, unaccompanied and commanding forms of Dong folk songs, which were listed in the world intangible cultural heritage in 2009.

Xiaohuangdong Village, named as "the hometown of folk culture and art in China" by the Ministry of Culture, has been learning to sing with her parents since she was born. They are all singers, so singing is a way of life. As we know, there is a saying among Dong Shi family members that "rice keeps the body healthy and songs keep the heart healthy", that is to say, they regard "songs" as important as "rice". They regard songs as treasures and think that songs are knowledge and culture. Whoever has many songs is a knowledgeable person. Here, the singer is the most respected, and he is the carrier of the whole national culture and spirit. "Han people have words to spread books, and Dong people have no words to spread songs; The ancestors sang to their ancestors, and the ancestors sang to their children and grandchildren. " Therefore, in a sense, Dong folk songs are also Dong people's "historical songs" and their "historical records". To study Dong culture, we must understand Dong songs.

At this point, the Dong folk songs in western Liangzhou are very similar. The filial piety in Liangzhou is mainly oral, and there is no written record. In addition to the official history, in another sense, Liangzhou's filial piety is a folk history, reflecting the lives of ordinary people. I have talked about Liangzhou's filial piety in many articles, and I also wrote an article about it.

Liangzhou, like Dong folk songs, has a long history and is a folk song spontaneously interpreted by ordinary people. Xiao Xian in Liangzhou is the "soul of the northwest" and an encyclopedic living fossil of culture, including literature, philosophy, history, religion, folklore, sociology, linguistics, architecture, gardens and so on. There are as many tracks as stars, and the content is permeated with a kind of Buddhist and Taoist spirit, folk customs, popular culture and popular mentality. Strictly speaking, Liangzhou's filial piety is a history of people's sufferings. From the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period to the present era, the sufferings of the people are recorded, ranging from world events to neighborhood disputes. It carries the holographic image of China culture. Xiao Xian in Liangzhou nourished my creation, which was mostly reflected in my "Desert Trilogy" (desert sacrifice, hunting plain and White Tiger Pass). These three novels, which I have written for twenty years, are permeated with the spirit and wisdom of Liangzhou filial piety.

Dong people's big songs are harmonious voices between man and nature and between people. They mainly include singing about nature, labor, love and human friendship. Because of this, in Dong village where big songs are popular, people live in harmony, help each other, have good hearts and simple folk customs. Children who grow up in this cultural atmosphere are mostly positive, optimistic, confident, cheerful, kind and noble. The same is true of the filial piety in Liangzhou, which also has the function of education. This "xian" is to be virtuous; "Filial piety" means filial piety to parents and the elderly. "Xian" is oriented to the society; "Filial piety" is for parents and family. You should be a good person who practices both inside and outside. A person who grew up listening to filial piety will have a high moral bottom line and know what to do and what not to do. This is the simplest truth.

The Dong people's chorus songs are rich in content, magnificent and resounding, attracting worldwide attention. In this era, they shine with their own unique light. Compared with Dong folk songs, western folk songs have another fate. Western folk songs are often sung by one person, intoxicated alone, unknown to the world, and appear silent, lonely and noble. The difference between them is closely related to their cultural soil, living environment, the intensity of excavation and the influence of communication.

Compared with the warm and beautiful land in the south, the land in the west is rough and vast, with the vicissitudes of time and the thickness of life, full of the texture of life and the power of soul. It is very much like Xiao Xian in Liangzhou, and it has weight-not the weight of the body, but the weight of the soul. Looking at it, you will feel the struggle of countless souls. The poor living environment forces generations of westerners to find the meaning of living: how and why should a person live in a difficult living space? For westerners, the reason to live is sometimes more important than the process of living. For this reason of living, they would rather give up their lives. This reason is sometimes great, and it can take the responsibility of saving the world. For example, Tibetan folk songs contain the contents of cosmic life; More often, westerners live only because of love. For love, they can choose not to live. There are many such contents in the western folk song "Flower". Therefore, there is a soul-tearing thing in western folk songs, which is the "meaning of living" of westerners.

Westerners sing from the soul and flow to nature, which is just the need of life. He doesn't even need someone to appreciate him. Even if he is the only one in the world, he will open his voice and sing the most beautiful song in his life. Singing became the biggest reason for his life. Singing is not for performance, singing itself is an end and a need of life.

Nowadays, Dong folk songs have become one of the "Seven Ones" of Congjiang tourism and a very important "business card" for Congjiang's external publicity. They have brought great economic benefits to Congjiang tourism, and also promoted future development and innovation. At this time, I was thinking, what makes Dong songs exist in today's era? Why can you maintain such a strong vitality? Why can it sing on the world stage? The western folk songs have lost their vitality in the past and are "old" in this era. They are drifting away and have been forgotten and ignored by the world. Therefore, all cultures, regardless of traditional folk art, can hardly survive if they cannot become a part of people's lives. At this point, the Dong people's big songs are very good. Every Dong child is bathed in this song from birth and grows up in the ocean of singing. Singing is their way of life. Everyone is the carrier and inheritor of Dong people's big songs, and it has been passed down from generation to generation. This is a place worth learning from.

Because the times are developing and economic development is the general trend, we can't-and don't need-resist this trend, but we should show the beauty and existence of good culture, explore the genes that can keep pace with the times in good culture, and let the world find that commercial civilization and good culture are not mutually exclusive. Although they have different cultural genes, the two genes are not incompatible. One person, one family and one group.

-20 17 12 18 was written in Yishan academy.