Characteristics of topographic maps

Topographic map consists of mathematical elements, natural geographic elements and socio-economic elements. Mathematical elements include map projection, scale, geographic coordinate network, Cartesian coordinate network, measurement control points and contours; natural elements include water system, topography, soil and vegetation; socio-economic elements include settlements, road network, political area boundary lines, as well as cultural and economic significance of independent objects; other auxiliary elements include information and auxiliary charts and so on. Topographic maps have the following characteristics:

1. Unified mathematical basis

Topographic maps choose a unified map projection, a unified geodetic coordinate system and elevation system, a unified scale series, a unified by latitude and longitude and numbering.

2. Unified norms and symbols

Topographic maps of various scales are measured in accordance with the unified national norms, in the norms of the measurement method, mapping accuracy, the principles of trade-offs, the size of the symbols and the overall specifications have been specified.

3. Detailed content, high geometric accuracy

The map represents in detail the distribution, quantity and quality characteristics of each geographical element on the ground. Certain topographic maps due to the larger scale, higher precision, can be measured on the map work.