20 1 1 year freight forwarding practical knowledge: freight forwarding container operation common sense.

I. Packaging operation of barreled goods

Coil products such as roll paper, coil steel, wire rope, cable and coil, roller products such as plastic film, tar paper and steel cylinder, tires and tile pipes all belong to rolling products. When packing rolling goods, we must pay attention to eliminating their rolling characteristics and loading them effectively and reasonably.

1. Loading and fixing of roll paper goods. In principle, the rolled paper products should be installed vertically, and the sections at both ends of the rolled paper should not be defiled. As long as a few rolls of paper near the door of the box are tied together with some rolls of paper inside, and the gap of the door is filled with filler, the goods can be fixed.

2. Disk loading and fixing operations. Yuan Pan is a heavy object that can only be loaded by machinery. Generally, only one layer can be installed at the bottom of the box. Use a pound-shaped disk shelf. The large tray can also be fixed at the bottom of the container with straight plates and clips.

3. Cable loading and fixing operation. The cable is transported around the cable reel, and the local strength of the box bottom should also be paid attention to when installing the cable reel. Large cable reels can only be loaded with one layer in the container, and brackets are generally used to prevent rolling.

4. Loading and fixing of steel coil. Although coil steel is also a concentrated load cargo, hot rolled coil steel is generally lighter than cable. When loading coiled steel, the goods should be attached to each other and placed in the center of the container. For coil steel weighing about 3 tons, in addition to fastening the coil steel with wire rope or steel belt through the tie ring in the box, wire rope or steel belt should also be used to connect the coil steel; For coil steel weighing about 5 tons, it should be fixed with square wood strips. Wire rope is usually used instead of steel belt for fixing, because steel belt is easy to break.

5. Loading and fixing of gas cylinders. The small tires of ordinary trucks can be installed vertically or horizontally. When installed horizontally, it is relatively stable and does not need special fixation. Large tires are usually installed vertically, so the loading method should be studied and fixed according to the diameter and thickness of the tires.

Second, the packaging operation of barreled goods

Barreled goods generally include various oils, liquid and powdery chemicals, alcohol, syrup, etc. Their packaging forms are iron barrels, wooden barrels, plastic barrels, plywood barrels and cardboard barrels. Except for the traditional drum-shaped wooden barrel with the barrel mouth at the waist, all the goods in the barrel are stacked in the container in an upright way with the barrel mouth facing upwards. Because the barrel is cylindrical, the stacking and reinforcement methods in the box are determined by a certain specific size, so as to coordinate with the box size.

1. Loading and fixing operations of iron drums. The 0.25 cubic meter (55 gallons) iron drum is the most common in container transportation. This kind of iron drum can be stacked in two layers in the container, and each 20-foot container can generally hold 80 drums. When loading the car, it is required that the barrels should be close to each other. For iron drums with protruding parts on the drums, in order to stagger the flanges between drums, every other row should be padded with pads, and the second layer should also be padded with pads, and the row without pads should also be padded with plywood, so as to make the upper drum bear the load stably.

2. Loading and fixing of wooden barrels. Barrels are generally drum-shaped with iron hoops at both ends. Because it is easy to take off the cover when installing vertically, horizontal loading is required in principle. When installing horizontally, put wooden wedges at both ends of the barrel. The height of the wooden wedge should make the center of the bucket leave the bottom of the box to prevent the waist of the bucket from being stressed.

3. Loading and fixing operations of cardboard barrels. The loading mode of cardboard drum is similar to that of iron drum, but the strength is weak, so care should be taken not to overturn and cause damage when packaging. When loading, it must be installed vertically, and the number of loading layers depends on the strength of the barrel, sometimes with certain restrictions. Plywood must be inserted between the upper and lower floors to disperse the load.

Third, all kinds of vehicle packing operations

The container contains cars, trucks, forklifts, bulldozers, road rollers and small tractors. The grocery container can only hold one car, so there will be a big gap in the container. If there are empty refrigerated containers or animal containers on the route, it is ideal to load cars, because refrigerated containers and animal containers are smaller, so the container capacity can be used more effectively. For the transportation of special vehicles such as forklifts, tractors, bulldozers and road rollers, plate-and-frame containers are usually used for loading.

1. Loading and fixing operation of small cars and trucks. Cars and trucks are usually packed in closed containers. When fixing, tie the vehicle tightly with the cable tie on the container, and then nail it into a square wooden frame and pad it under the wheel to prevent the vehicle from rolling. At the same time, the contact part between the tire and the bottom of the box or the batten should be padded with gauze or rags. Or according to the owner's requirements, you don't need to pad the square batten, just tie the rope tightly. When the freezer is used for packaging, it can be tightened through the eyelet on the ventilation rail at the bottom of the freezer.

2. Handling and installation operations of various forklifts. When loading a forklift, the forks are usually unloaded and loaded into a box. When packing, the bottom of the box should be padded with gaskets, and when fixing, the rubber tires should be protected with yarn ends or cloth, and wooden wedges or square battens should be placed under the wheels. Finally, use the tie ring at the bottom of the plate-frame container and fasten it with steel wire rope.

3. Loading and fixing operations of bulldozers and road rollers. Bulldozers and rollers are heavy. In general, a plate-frame container can only hold one. Usually, it is loaded from the top with a crane. When loading, pay attention to whether the crawler of the vehicle is on the lower side beam of the container. Because iron contacts with iron, it is easy to slide, so the bottom of the container must be padded with wood.

4. Loading and fixing operations of tractors and other vehicles. Horizontal loading of small tractors can increase the loading capacity, but attention should also be paid to the problem of concentrated load when loading, so the bottom of the box should be padded with things to disperse its load and fixed with square bars, wedges and steel ropes.