What are the common stone carving tools?

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The basic tools of sculpture are:

(1) sculpture knife. It is a clay sculpture tool used for scraping, cutting, sticking, picking, pressing, plastering and modeling. It can be divided into three types: the first is metal tools, which are made of steel (with blue color and rust resistance), stainless steel and brass. The cutter head is divided into oblique triangle, willow leaf, mortise and arrow, and some edges are serrated. Second, non-metallic tools, made of bamboo, wood, bone, ivory, horn, plastic and other materials. Large-scale cutter shapes include sole shape, cuttlefish bone shape, thumb shape, oblique triangle and so on. Gadgets are shaped like water chestnut, feet, spheres, bars, etc. The third type is scraper, which can cut shapes and make clothes patterns. There are various curved and square double-sided scrapers. (2) stone chisel. It is a steel rod-shaped stone carving tool with a wedge-shaped or conical lower end and a cutting edge at the end. It is the basic tool of stone carving. It is divided into sharp chisel, flat chisel, semicircle chisel and tooth chisel according to the shape of the cutting edge. (3) stone hammer. It is a striking tool, which can be used to strike a stone chisel or a wood carving knife to carve stones and wood. It is divided into three sizes: large, medium and small. Flower hammer is also a kind of stone carving hammer, which directly hits the stone with the hammer surface to produce a rough and heavy sculpture. Chopping axe is used to directly chop the stone surface and cut out neat and parallel thin lines, which can enhance the sense of direction and rhythm of sculpture. ④ Woodcarving knife. Generally, it consists of a cutter head, a handle and an iron hoop. According to the shape of the cutting edge, it can be divided into four types: flat edge, inclined edge, triangle edge and round edge, and according to the shape of the neck, it can be divided into two types: curved neck and straight neck, each of which has three sizes: large, medium and small. ⑤ Bow handle. Calipers for sculpture. It can measure the distance, has two ivory-shaped clamping feet, can be opened and closed, and can change the curvature of the clamping feet at any time. ⑥ Proportional bow handle. It is a measuring tool for sculpture enlargement. ⑦ Point instrument. It's a three-coordinate locator, which is used to copy stone carvings. Find three datum points on the plaster statue, align and fix them with the positioning steel needle on the point instrument, and align any space position on the stone statue with the slidable parts, universal joints and pointers on the point instrument and lock the movable parts. Move the pointer instrument to the stone, aim the steel needle at the corresponding reference point, and the pointer can mark the point on the plaster image on the stone, so that the stone carving can be reproduced accurately.