Caotang left a story of poets and sages for future generations.

The thatched cottage was left to future generations. Poets write for future generations. -Du Fu

In the first month of 7 12 AD, the green footsteps of spring slowly moved to the lower reaches of Luo Yi. In Yaowan Village, east of Gongxian County on the south bank of the Yellow River, a new life came with crying. Like every newborn, his bare and delicate body nestles in his mother's arms and greedily sucks milk. His parents, relatives and people who came to congratulate him would not have thought that this ordinary child would shine.

He is Du Fu.

The morning of the first day of Ren Xunian's first month is particularly festive for Yaowan Village. All kinds of firecrackers fly to the snowy sky, blooming more colorful than usual. Fireworks exploded, which opened the curtain of the whole Yaowan village.

The door of a family near the back hill of Yaowan Village creaked and a handsome young man of about fifteen jumped out of the door.

He is wearing a new blue coat and has a beautiful straight bun on his head. Two black eyes are looking at the couplets posted on their doorstep.

While looking at the couplets, he read aloud: "The first part is: the spring breeze of the earth warms my house, and the next part is: the guests at the table sing wine songs, and the horizontal approval is: the courtyard is full of brightness."

He proudly looked at the couplets and thought that only by setting off the atmosphere can he show a better artistic conception.

He skipped to see other people's Spring Festival couplets and saw several. He ran back, shook his head and said to himself, "This is still the best in my family, but I spent a day fiddling with it. I'll show it to dad later, and maybe I'll praise it. "

He thought happily and jumped into the gate.

Just entering the gate, a crisp donkey barked, which startled him.

"Ass, what's your name in the morning?" He walked to the donkey pen while talking with a smile.

The grey donkey was happy to see him and shook his head to spread the joy to him.

"oh! So you haven't had breakfast yet! No wonder you are so happy. " Then he put the chopped grass into the trough When the donkey saw some grass to eat, he buried his head and wolfed it down.

"Slow down! Ash, I have another New Year gift for you! " Then he took a red fluffy ball out of his pocket and tied it on the donkey's head.

"Ha ha! Gray, you are much more beautiful! " He looked at the donkey and said with a smile.

The donkey hung his head and snorted, as if in response to his banter.

"Zi Mei, what are you doing?"

He looked back and found that it was his father. He quickly replied: "Dad, I am feeding the donkey!" " "

"Chinese New Year, why don't you eat jiaozi and feed the donkey?"

"jiaozi, ok, I'll be right there." He caught some fodder for the donkey and put it in. By the way, he touched the donkey's head and said, "Ash, eat some grass first! I'll bring you some jiaozi later, and you can taste it. " Then he ran into the house.

In the room, my father was sitting at the square table, and my mother was carrying a steaming plate of jiaozi. When he saw jiaozi, he cried happily, "Mom, I'll eat one first!" "

"pa!" Mother interrupted his hand reaching for the plate and said, "Have you forgotten something?"

"oh! By the way, give it to dad first. "

"What else?"

"Hey hey! I remember! " He finished, washed his hands, came to his father, knelt down and kowtowed, knocked 10 in one breath, and knocked 10 in front of his mother. He stood up, touched his red forehead and said, "Good luck to Mom and Dad in the New Year, and ..."

Mother looked at his lovely appearance and said with distress, "All right, all right."

Father also took out a red envelope and said with a satisfied smile: "Zimei, come to the lucky money!" " "

"Thank you, Dad." Du Fu took it with joy, glanced at his mother again and asked, "Mom, where's yours?"

"Smart, the head is valuable." Say that finish smiled and handed him a red envelope.

"Come, eat jiaozi together!" The father greeted.

Du Fu jumped on the stool happily and began to gobble.

After eating jiaozi, my father said to Du Fu, "Zimei, go to Houshanyun Temple to pay a New Year call now!"

As soon as Du Fu listened to Master, he became excited. He nodded vigorously and said, "OK, OK, right away."

After his mother gave him a basket of food and a package, she told him, "behave yourself when you go up the mountain." You must pay a New Year call to your host and invite him to your home, remember? "

"Remember, I'm leaving." Say that finish and go out.

Du Fu came to the donkey pen, untied the donkey's reins and pulled the donkey out of the house.

He went over and touched the donkey's head and said, "Ash, are you full?" Do it when you are full. You are my mount. You will make great achievements in the new year behind my back! "

After that, he turned over and rode on the donkey's back. The donkey slowly walked to the back of the mountain.

Du Fu watched the donkey walk slowly, but he was eager to see his master soon. He couldn't help complaining that the donkey walked slowly and began to scold the donkey.

"Gray, people say you are the fastest donkey in the world. Why do you walk like a turtle today? "

The donkey ignored him and walked slowly.

Du Fu smiled and said, "Oh! So you're angry that I didn't give it to you, jiaozi! I am ready long ago. "

Du Fu took some jiaozi from the basket and fed it to the donkey.

The donkey chewed rudely and walked a little faster after eating.

Du Fu was depressed when riding on the donkey's back, thinking that this guy was not satisfied, so he fed the donkey a few jiaozi, and the donkey finished eating a little faster. Du Fu fed it again, and the donkey was a little faster. Several times in a row, Du Fu opened the basket and saw two plates of jiaozi given to Master by his mother, only one plate. I thought I couldn't do it. If I eat ashes again, Master will have nothing to eat.

He said loudly to the donkey, "Grey, I can't give you jiaozi, or no master jiaozi will scold me."

The donkey walked slowly with his head down in dismay.

Du Fu is more depressed than before. What are we going to do? He bit his finger and thought, by the way, give Ash some wine to drink. Ash ran quickly after drinking the wine, but what about Master Ash? I have an idea. Go and buy some delicious wine for master first. As for money, my parents gave me a red envelope, so he took it out and looked at it. Hey! My mother still gave me more. My mother gave me three taels of silver, and my father only gave me two taels. But I bought enough things for Master. Although Master is a monk, he likes wine and meat, so I bought him more meat and wine. As for the money spent, I will earn it back from him in the future. Du Fu thought happily.

After that, I rode a donkey to a small hotel in the village to buy good things and continued to walk back to the mountain.

Du Fu took out a bottle of wine and let the donkey smell it. The donkey smelled the wine and cheered at once. Du Fu poured a pot of wine for the donkey. The donkey began to get excited and the speed was obviously accelerated.

Du Fu was very happy when he saw that the donkey was much faster. He poured wine on the donkey and sang, "The stupid donkey runs slowly, and Zimei's brother brings him wine. When the donkey drinks, Zimei's brother is twice as fast as him ... "

Soon I arrived at Yunsi. Today, Yunsi swept away the mess of the past, and the temple was clean. Du Fu smiled at his achievements on New Year's Eve.

"Cheep-"pushed open the temple gate, and it was quiet inside. Du Fu shouted: "Master, Zi Mei has come to pay a New Year call to you!" , but there is no response. Du Fu wondered if Master was angry again. He sneaked into Master's bedroom and saw Master lying in bed, sighing. Du Fu wondered! The host sighed heavily again. Du Fu secretly told me that Master thought my New Year's greetings were over.

Du Fu rolled his eyes, took out a bottle of wine from the basket, opened the lid of the wine and sneaked up to Master's nose. Sure enough, Master moved his nose and stopped sighing. When he rolled over and sat up, Du Fu knelt down, kowtowed three times and shouted "Happy New Year, Sir ~".

"Ha ha, your boy is so smart, don't waste my teaching to you, remember the old monk I this knife, well, get up! Your heart is appreciated by the old monk. " The young master pulled Du Fu up while drinking.

"yes! Good wine! Zimei. Is this the wine in the village pub? " The master asked

"Yes, master, what do you always think?" Du Fu answered happily.

"What do you think? I tell you, this wine is good for life! Ha ha ~ "said the master and began to drink like a cow.

Du Fu opened the basket and said to Master, "Look, Master!"

"wow! Good disciple, you pity the old monk! The old monk is growling with hunger! " The host shouted excitedly.

"Master and Jiaozi!"

"Ha ha ~, the old monk was originally a monk, but it seems that secular things are inevitable, so you and I have a good life."

"Zi Mei, yes!"

"Go back to Master, my parents are fine, please always worry."

"Your parents are good people. Your parents must have asked you to give these things to the old monk? "

"Master said that my parents taught me to respect my teachers."

"Ha ha ~, where are the good people!" The master stopped talking.

After listening to Master's words, Du Fu not only remembered his poor health as a child, but also often fell ill. Under the careful care of his mother, he grew as strong as a' yellow calf' when he was a teenager and was happy all day. There are pear trees and jujube trees in his yard. When the autumn wind in August brought him coolness, the pears on the tree were yellow and bordeaux. Like a naughty monkey, he kept climbing up and down, laughing and flying around the yard.

"Zi Mei, what are you thinking?" The master's words pulled Du Fu back from his memory.

"Come, Zimei, the old monk will tell you a story."

"good! Master, I love to hear your story! " Du Fu clapped his hands and shouted.

The master took a sip of the wine and the story unfolded: "The story is Lu Jun's praise for a woman in the Spring and Autumn Period. According to Biography of Women, when the Qi army attacked Lu, they saw a woman holding her son and nephew. When the woman saw that the situation was critical, she abandoned her son, picked up her nephew and fled. Asked why, Qi Jun replied, "Abandon your son and do justice." Then stop fighting. "

After listening to this, Du Fu was filled with emotion and began to respect Luf's righteous act.

"Master, this story is so touching that all the disciples of Mrs. Lu's righteous act feel reverence."

"Obedient children can teach! Remember, in the future, we should put' righteousness' first and show our true colors. Don't waste the teachings of the old monk. "

"Yes, master! Disciples must remember. "

"Well, master, I'll give you a gift, which is a gift for the New Year."

"No, teacher, didn't you give me' grey grey'? I am very satisfied. "

"This gift is for you to do great things in the future. You must cherish it. Well, this is the secret book of the old monk's unique stunt' 18 arrows in serial pursuit of life'. You must practice hard in the future to be good for you. "

"Thank you Master for teaching me stunts!" Du Fu bowed down.

"Well, when you go down the mountain to celebrate the New Year with your parents, remember to treat them well. I will test you one year later."

"Master, let me accompany you!"

"Let's go ..."

Master ~ "

The master turned his back and motioned Du Fu to leave. Du Fu went down the mountain with a little regret.

Du Fu rode home on a dusty horse when he suddenly heard a gentle sob. Du Fu walked softly to the door. Looking through the crack of the door, his parents gently sobbed this mental position. His mother said indignantly, "xianggong, it's all my fault." I lost our career to save my son's beauty. "

"alas! I can understand your feeling. At the beginning, two children could only save one. You promised your sister to take good care of Zi Mei. Now that Zimei is so smart and sensible, you and I should be gratified. How can I blame you? "

"Shang Er" and "Saving Zi Mei" ... these are like a thunderbolt hitting Du Fu's head. In my memory, I seem to have a younger brother, but I never saw him again ... No ... What's going on? Du Fu rushed in.

"Dad, mom, what did you say? ! "

"Beauty, how can you ..."

"Dad, mom, you tell me what's going on? I remember having a younger brother. Where is he now? " Du Fu asked excitedly

Mom began to cry, and dad saw tears in his eyes.

"Well, he will always know. Tell him, my lady! " The father said to his mother with tears in his eyes

Mother sobbed and said, "Zi Mei, listen carefully. Our Du family has lived in (present-day southeast) area for generations. Your thirteenth ancestor, Du Yu, was a famous scholar in Jin Dynasty, named Dangyang Hou. Du Xun, your ancestor 10, moved to Xiangyang (now Xiangfan, Hubei Province) in the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and served as the magistrate of Wei Xing. Your great-grandfather Du was the county magistrate of Gongxian (now Henan).

Your mother, the daughter of Cui family in Qinghe, died before you could remember. After your stepmother's visit, you were fostered in my house. Actually, I'm not your mother, but your second aunt. Seeing that you are young and thinking of your mother, I can't bear to let you suffer, so I will raise you as my own son. You have a cousin named Shang 'er. Once, you two children suffered from smallpox at the same time. In order to save your life, I neglected your cousin and didn't want him to live, so I went ... "

Du Fu heard tears, and murmured, "No, it's not like this ..."

My uncle looked at Du Fu like this, wiped the tears from his eyes and said with a smile, "Zi Mei, don't do this. You have failed us all these years. Think about the Gong Sundaniang dance "Sword" you saw in Yancheng (now Henan) when you were 6 years old. Gong Sundaniang was the best dancer at that time. " "Sword" is a military dance with strong movements and sonorous rhythm. At that time, you said Gong Sundaniang's dance. Suddenly, the sky is soaring, like a group of heavenly emperors flying with dragons; When she came to power, she looked dignified, as if the thunder had stopped at the beginning, and the world was solemn; When she stopped dancing, she was spirited, Li Zhuo, just like Jianghai stopped churning and condensed the cold brilliance. All these show that you had a strong sensibility and rich imagination for art when you were young. Later, Gong Sundaniang taught you that dance, calligraphy, painting, music and poetry are interlinked.

From then on, you loved poetry and began to write poetry at the age of seven. Children often write poems about animals. I remember that Luo, a poet in the early Tang Dynasty, also began to write poems at the age of seven. The poem "Ode to Goose" was really well written. But what you sang was not an ordinary goose, but a phoenix (the poem has been lost). In the eyes of the ancients, the phoenix is an auspicious bird, symbolizing the prosperity of the dynasty.

While you were practicing writing poems, your uncle taught you to write big characters. You are very diligent and hardworking. By the time you are 9 years old, you have written a schoolbag full of exercises, and you will write couplets at the door every New Year.

And you went to the cloud temple to learn from the teacher and got the true biography of your master.

……

These uncles and your aunt are very happy. Your aunt and I failed to live up to the trust of your Du family, and you will certainly succeed in the future. In fact, we have long regarded you as our son. I hope you can do great things in the future! "

Du Fu burst into tears. His parents, who live together every day, turned out to be his uncle and aunt, who lost their son to save themselves. He appreciates them, respects them and loves them. ...

He bowed down with tears and said, "My uncle and aunt are very kind to my nephew. From now on, I only respect you as a biological father and mother! " "

"Son, get up! We know what you mean, but I must tell you that your father is still alive, but he has been poor for many years and doesn't agree with his colleagues to bend the law. Now he has been framed and imprisoned for ten years. My son is an adult now. You should get a reputation and save your father from prison in the future. The imperial examination is coming this year, and I have prepared it for you. You'll be on your way soon. "

"No, Zimei is willing to wait for her parents all her life."

Fu, beautiful words. Like Li Bai, he is one of the most famous great poets in the Tang Dynasty. In the history of literature, they are collectively called "Du Li". Du Fu was originally from Gongxian County, Henan Province. He grew up in a declining bureaucratic family. He studied hard since childhood, traveled to many famous mountains and rivers, and wrote many excellent poems. In his thirties, he met Li Bai in Luoyang. Du Fu is eleven years younger than Li Bai. They have different personalities, but their common interests make them close friends.

Later, I went to Chang 'an to take the Jinshi exam. At that time, it was when Li was in power. Li is most jealous of literati. He is afraid that these lower-level literati will become officials and talk about the failure of state affairs, which is not good for him. So he colluded with the examiner and lied to Xuanzong that none of the candidates passed the exam. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was wondering, and Li wrote another congratulatory letter, saying that this just shows that the emperor is wise, the talented people have been appointed, and there are no talents left by the people.

Scholars at that time regarded the imperial examination as a way to find a way out. Du Fu was depressed, so it goes without saying that he was depressed. He lived a poor and miserable life in Chang 'an, witnessed the luxury of the powerful and the miserable sight of the poor starving in the cold wind, and could not restrain his indignation, so he accused this injustice with poetry.

"The wine in Zhumen stinks, and the bones on the road freeze to death" is his immortal poem.

Du Fu stayed in Chang 'an for ten years, and the An-Shi Rebellion broke out just after Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty gave him an official position. Everyone in Chang 'an area has escaped. Du Fu's family, also squeezed into the ranks of refugees, suffered a lot, and finally found a village and settled down. Just then, he heard the news of Tang Suzong's accession to the throne in Lingwu, and left home to find Su Zong. Unexpectedly, I met rebels on the way and was arrested in Chang 'an.

Chang 'an has fallen into the hands of the rebels, who are burning and looting everywhere, and the palace houses are in flames. Some officials in the Tang Dynasty surrendered, and some were sent to Luoyang by rebels. After Du Fu was arrested in Chang 'an, the rebel leader saw that he didn't look like a big official and let him go.

In the second year, Du Fu escaped from Chang 'an and found that Tang Suzong had gone to Fengxiang (now Fengxiang, Shaanxi Province), so he rushed to Fengxiang to see Su Zong. Du Fu was so poor at that time that he didn't even have a decent suit. He was wearing a ragged coat with bare elbows and a pair of old Ma Xie on his feet. Tang Suzong expressed his appreciation for Du Fu's long journey to the imperial court and appointed him as the left gleaner.

Zuo Shiyi is an exhorter. Although Tang Suzong gave Du Fu the position, he didn't take his meaning seriously. Du Fu started the uprising in earnest. Soon after, Guǎn Fang, the prime minister, was dismissed by Tang Suzong. Du Fu thought that Gui Fang was very talented and should not be dismissed, so he went to court to remonstrate with Su Zong. Gal, we have sinned against Sue, fortunately, someone said a good word in front of Tang Suzong, just let him go home.

After Tang Jun recovered Chang 'an, Du Fu followed many officials back to Chang 'an. Tang Suzong sent him to Huazhou (now Huaxian County, Shaanxi Province) to be a small official in charge of sacrifice and school work. Du Fu came to Iowa with frustration. At that time, Chang 'an and Luoyang were recaptured by loyalists, but the Anshi Rebellion was not eliminated and the war was still fierce. Tang Jun has recruited able-bodied men everywhere to supplement troops, and the people can't live. One day, Du Fu passed Shihao Village (in the southeast of Shaanxi County, Henan Province), and it was very late. He went to a poor family for the night and was received by the old farmer and his wife. In the middle of the night, when he was tossing and turning, there was a sudden knock at the door. Du Fu listened quietly in the room, only to hear the old man next door climb over the back wall and escape. The old lady answered the door at the same time.

Officials sent by the government to arrest able-bodied men entered the house. They screamed and asked the old woman, "Where is your man?"

The old woman cried and said, "My three children have all gone to Yecheng to fight. Two days ago, a son wrote that both brothers died on the battlefield.

There is only one daughter-in-law and one nursing grandson at home. Who else do you want? "

The old woman made many entreaties, but the officials still refused to give up. The old woman had no choice but to be taken away by the officers and go to the barracks to work as a coolie for the soldiers.

At dawn, Du Fu went out and the old farmer was the only one to see him off.

Du Fu was very upset when he saw this sad scene with his own eyes. He wrote this story into a poem called "The Stone Excavator". When he was in Iowa, he wrote six such poems, which were collectively called "three officials and three parting" (Shi Haoguan, Tongguan official, Xin 'an official, newly married, resigned, homeless). Because most of Du Fu's poems describe the sufferings of the people in the An Shi Rebellion and reflect the process from prosperity to decline in the Tang Dynasty, people call his poems "the history of poetry".

The following year, he resigned from his office in Iowa. Then, there was a drought in Guanzhong, and Du Fu was so poor that he took his family into exile in Chengdu. With the help of friends, he built a thatched cottage near Huanhuaxi in the western suburbs of Chengdu and lived in seclusion for nearly four years. Later, because his friend died, he had no family in Chengdu, so he took his family into exile in the East. In 770 AD, he died of poverty and illness on a boat in Xiangjiang River.

After his death, people kept his residence in Chengdu in memory of this great poet. This is the famous "Du Fu Caotang".