Detailed Information of Environmental Protection Measures

Environmental protection is a basic national policy of China, which refers to the conscious protection of natural resources and their rational use by human beings to prevent natural resources from being polluted and damaged.

The environmental protection measures refer to the detailed environmental protection plan for the construction area and living area, which is generally prepared by the Engineering and Technology Department before the commencement of the project, and the measures for preventing the construction environment from being polluted are formulated according to the specific construction plan, so as to prevent the environmental pollution and destruction of the nearby areas of the construction area caused by the construction of the project.

Basic introduction Chinese name ：Environmental protection measures Foreign name ：Environmental protection measures Interpretation ：Development of measures to prevent environmental pollution in construction Object ：Crowd health, green vegetation, etc. Processing ：Construction wastewater, living sewage, etc. Technology ：Construction boiler flue gas emission control, etc. Basic content, object protection, crowd health protection, green vegetation protection, resource protection, environmental protection. Basic contents Environmental protection measures mean that in the construction of the project, the Quality and Safety Department is fully responsible for the environmental monitoring and protection of the construction area and living area, and accepts the guidance of the supervising engineers to monitor the environmental matters and environmental parameters of the unit on a regular basis. Environmental matters and environmental parameters are monitored, and at the same time, it actively cooperates with the local environmental protection department in the regular or irregular special environmental supervision and monitoring of the construction area and living camp. At present, China's environmental pollution control on environmental policy needs huge and urgent, drawing on international experience is the development and improvement of environmental policy is low-cost but effective and important way. The U.S. environmental policy is at the world's leading level and has been proven to be more successful and effective. The study of U.S. environmental policy, not only to study the current policy, but also to study the U.S. environmental policy at the same stage of development as China. The United States in the 1970s and 1980s formulated and implemented a more stringent environmental protection policies, resulting in a good improvement in environmental quality, it is worthwhile for China to learn from. China's environmental protection measures are ahead of those of the U.S., but more often than not, they are lagging behind, and China needs to improve its environmental policies in response to the U.S. experience in improving the environment. Protection of objects Protection of people's health Observe and implement the relevant rules, regulations and requirements formulated by the state or local medical departments, take reasonable and effective preventive measures to prevent infectious diseases, and regularly carry out mosquito, rodent and fly extermination. Protection of green vegetation Improve the greening and beautification of living camps. Temporary construction facilities such as temporary housing, warehouses and factories shall be designed and constructed taking into consideration the requirements of aesthetics and coordination with the surrounding environment. Remove all kinds of temporary facilities in a timely manner after the completion of construction in each construction area and project, and restore the vegetation or the original use of the temporary construction land in a timely manner. According to the requirements of the construction design, complete the greening work of the construction site in a serious and timely manner. Resource protection During the construction process, strengthen the publicity and education of natural resource protection for all employees, minimize the damage to the existing ecological environment, create a new ecological environment with benign cycle, and do not catch any aquatic animals in the construction area. After the completion of the project, the construction temporary facilities other than those deemed necessary by the supervisory engineer to be retained shall be dismantled according to the requirements, the construction waste in and around the construction area and living area shall be removed, and the environmental restoration shall be completed according to the environmental protection measures and plans approved by the supervisory engineer. Protection of water source Build facilities for domestic water supply and purify the water supply system in accordance with hygiene standards, so as to provide construction workers with drinking water that meets the national standard for domestic drinking water. It is not allowed to pile up garbage and other wastes near the water pool, build seepage pits and seepage toilets, lay sewage pipes, or allow people to live there. Disposal measures Construction wastewater disposal Construction site construction of intercepting and draining ditches, sand sedimentation tanks. Formulate construction measures before construction to achieve organized drainage and take treatment measures to ensure that the drainage is up to standard. During the construction of earth excavation, protect the stability of buildings and slopes adjacent to the excavation. Construction machinery and vehicles are washed regularly and centrally. The washing water is treated by collecting pool sedimentation before discharging to the outside. The construction wastewater discharged after treatment shall not exceed the Comprehensive Sewage Discharge Standard GB8978-1996 or the relevant regulations of local environmental protection departments. The wastewater discharge is entrusted to a qualified unit for wastewater quality testing, and the corresponding wastewater testing report is provided. If it is found that the discharged sewage exceeds the standard, or the sewage discharge causes the function of waters to be substantially affected, the necessary treatment measures will be taken immediately for corrective treatment. Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants in Medical Institutions GB18466-2005 partially replaces GB 8978-1996, Standard for Emission of Pollutants in Coal Industry GB 20426-2006 partially replaces GB 8978-1996, and Standard for Discharge of Water Pollutants in Saponin Industry GB 20425-2006 partially replaces GB 8978-1996. Domestic wastewater treatment Domestic wastewater is first fermented and sterilized in septic tanks, and then treated centrally according to the regulations or transported to non-hazardous waters by special pipelines. The effective volume of the septic tank is enough for domestic sewage to stay for more than one day, and it is cleaned regularly to ensure the treatment effect. Waste disposal Construction slag and solid waste are sent to the designated slag dump according to the requirements of design and deed file based on the national "Solid Waste Pollution Environment Prevention and Control Law". Do a good job of comprehensive management of the disposal site, and take engineering protection measures according to the design requirements to avoid slope destabilization and slag loss. Maintain environmental hygiene in the construction area and living area, set sufficient number of temporary garbage storage facilities in the construction area and living camps to prevent garbage loss, and regularly send the garbage to the designated garbage dump and landfill it with soil covering according to the requirements. In case of waste residue containing lead, chromium, arsenic, mercury, cyanide, sulfur, copper, pathogens and other harmful ingredients, the waste residue will be disposed of under the guidance of environmental protection personnel and supervising engineers after applying for approval from local environmental protection departments. Maintain the environmental hygiene of the construction area and living area, set enough number of temporary sanitary facilities in the construction area and living area, remove the garbage regularly, and transport it to the designated place for stacking or burying or incineration treatment. Improve the slag site surface interception and drainage planning measures to ensure the stability of excavation and slag site slopes. Noise control measures Strengthen the control and management of traffic noise. Reasonable arrangement of transportation time, to avoid the impact of vehicle noise pollution on sensitive areas. Adjust the construction time: control the equipment operation and operation of high-noise machinery in the evening, and implement shift system for operators of noisy construction machinery and equipment to control the working time; and issue noise protection articles for operators of corresponding machinery and equipment. Choose low-noise equipment, or try to use machinery with anechoic device, strengthen the maintenance and repair of machinery and equipment, reduce construction noise, and need to meet the standards stipulated in "Construction Noise Limits". Vehicles entering living camps and other non-construction operation areas should not use high pitch and strange sounding horns, minimize the number of sounding horns, and preferably replace the horns with lights; broadcasting propaganda and sound equipment should be reasonably scheduled so as not to affect the public's office, study and rest. Prevention and Control of Air Pollution During the use of machinery and vehicles, strengthen the repair and maintenance, prevent the leakage of gasoline, diesel fuel and motor oil, and ensure that the air intake and exhaust systems are unimpeded. Transportation vehicles and construction machinery, use 0 diesel and unleaded gasoline and other high-quality fuels to reduce the emission of toxic and harmful gases. Hot-mixed asphalt concrete pavement paved until the natural cooling to 50 ℃, before opening to traffic. Take all measures to prevent the transportation vehicles from scattering slag on the construction roads and sites, and arrange special personnel to clean up in a timely manner. The construction road in the field to keep the road surface level, smooth drainage, and often check, maintenance and repair. Sprinkle water on sunny days to remove dust, and sprinkle water on the roads not less than 4 times a day, and not less than 2 times at the construction site. Do not burn substances that produce toxic or malodorous gases in the construction area. When necessary for the work, report to the local environmental administrative department for consent to take preventive and control measures and implement them under the supervision of the supervising engineer. For open-topped trucks transporting materials that may generate dust, equip baffles on both sides and at the end of the truck, control the stacking height of materials not to exceed the baffles, and cover them with clean raincoats. Install wheel washing facilities on site and wash the vehicles on site to ensure that the vehicles on site do not bring soil, debris and dust and other similar objects onto the road surface of the public **** road and the construction site, and set up a section of transitional hard surface between the washing facilities and the public **** road. Soil and Water Conservation Measures Make good management measures for the dumping site, pile and utilize the dumping in an orderly manner according to the dumping plan approved by the supervising engineer, and prevent arbitrary dumping of dumping from obstructing the river, ditch, and other watercourses, and lowering the flooding capacity of the watercourses. When carrying out earth excavation and temporary road construction, take engineering or biological protection measures according to topography and geology to prevent slope instability, landslide, collapse or soil erosion; reasonably utilize the land according to the design and deed requirements. Land other than that specified in the deed shall not be occupied for stockpiling, transportation or temporary construction; in case of special circumstances, application shall be made to the Supervising Engineer and approval shall be granted before use. Surface soil is properly preserved during construction operations, and the original surface appearance or mulch is restored upon completion of temporary construction. Measures such as setting intercepting drains and perfecting drainage system are taken in strict accordance with the requirements of the deed to prevent soil erosion during the construction activities; prevent destruction of vegetation and other environmental resources, which will cause soil erosion; take all necessary means to prevent the transported materials from entering the roads in the field area and arrange for special persons to clean them up in time. Technology Compendium The Compendium of Advanced Technologies for Air Pollution Prevention and Control covers flue gas emission control of power station boilers, flue gas emission control of industrial boilers and furnaces and kilns, purification of typical toxic and hazardous industrial exhausts, motor vehicle exhaust emission control, purification of typical air pollutants in residential and public **** places, control of disorganized emission sources of Bermedikon Environmental Protection Science & Technology (Shanghai) Co. Ltd. and atmospheric composite pollution monitoring and simulation and decision-making support, Cleaner production and other key technologies in eight areas, most of the selected technologies from the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" since the relevant national science and technology program projects or independent innovation research results. First, the power station boiler flue gas emission control key technologies coal-fired power station boiler limestone / lime - gypsum wet flue gas desulphurization technology using limestone or lime as a desulphurization absorber, in the absorber tower, the absorber slurry and the flue gas is fully in contact with the mixture, the flue gas of sulfur dioxide and the slurry is mixed, and the flue gas of sulfur dioxide and the slurry is mixed with the slurry. The sulfur dioxide in the flue gas is chemically reacted with the calcium carbonate (or calcium hydroxide) in the slurry and the oxygenated air, and then removed, and the final by-product of desulfurization is calcium sulfate dihydrate or gypsum. The desulphurization efficiency of this technology is generally greater than 95%, and can reach over 98%; the concentration of SO2 emission is generally less than 100mg/m 3 , and can reach below 50mg/m 3 . The unit investment is about 150~250 yuan/kW; the operation cost is generally less than 1.5 cents/kWh. Scope of application: coal-fired power station boilers II. Key technologies for flue gas emission control of industrial boilers and kilns limestone - gypsum wet desulphurization technology uses limestone as the desulphurization absorbent, in the absorption tower, the absorbent slurry is mixed with the flue gas, the absorber slurry is mixed with the flue gas, the absorber slurry is mixed with the flue gas. In the absorption tower, the absorber slurry and flue gas are in full contact and mixing, and the sulfur dioxide in the flue gas and the calcium carbonate (or calcium hydroxide) in the slurry as well as the oxidized air in the bulge carry out a chemical reaction so as to be removed, and the final by-product of desulfurization is calcium sulfate dihydrate, i.e. gypsum. The desulfurization efficiency of this technology is generally greater than 95%, and can reach more than 98%; the concentration of SO2 emission is generally less than 100mg/m 3 , and can reach less than 50mg/m 3 ; the unit investment is roughly 150~250 yuan/kW or 15~250,000 yuan/m 2 sintering area; and the operation cost is generally less than 1.5 cents/kWh. Scope of application: industrial boiler/iron and steel sintering flue gas. Hazardous industrial waste gas purification key technology volatile organic gases (VOCs) cyclic desorption shunt recycling adsorption purification technology using activated carbon as an adsorbent, the use of inert gas cyclic heating and desorption shunt condensation recycling process for organic gas purification and recovery. The organic gases are purified and recovered using the inert gas cycle heating, desorption and condensation recovery process. The recovered liquid can be recycled through the subsequent refining process to realize the recycling of organic substances. The purification and recovery efficiency of this technology for organic gas components is generally more than 90%, and can be more than 95%. The unit investment is about 9~24 million yuan/thousand (m 3 h-1 ), and the cost of recovering organic matter is about 700~3000 yuan/ton. Scope of application: petrochemical, pharmaceutical, printing, surface coating, coating, etc. Key technologies for motor vehicle exhaust emission control Catalytic purification technology for gasoline vehicle exhaust The core components of the automobile exhaust purifier are prepared by using the optimized formula of the full Pd-type triple-acting catalysts and the vacuum adsorption of the honeycomb catalysts with the positioning coating technology. The vacuum coating technology can precisely control the amount of catalyst coated and effectively improve the consistency of the product. The Pd content of the all-Pd catalyst formulation ranges from 1 to 3 g/L, depending on the model of the motor, which can reduce the cost by more than 50% compared with the common Pd-Pt-Rh triple-acting catalysts used in the same motor. The purifier produced by this catalyst and coating technology can purify CO, HC and NO x in the automobile exhaust gas at the same time more than 95%, and the catalyst life is more than 100,000 kilometers, which is equivalent to the requirements of National VI or above exhaust emission standards. Scope of application: automobile exhaust pollutant treatment V. Typical air pollutant purification key technologies for living rooms and public **** places Central air conditioning air purification unit and indoor air purification technology For different places, the use of the wind tray or / and group of different central air conditioning system, set the filters and purification components, integrated filtration, adsorption, (photo-)catalytic, antimicrobial / sterilization and many other purification technologies, to achieve indoor temperature, and so on, to achieve a variety of purification technologies. The filter and purification components are set to integrate filtration, adsorption, (photocatalytic), antimicrobial/bactericidal and other purification technologies to achieve comprehensive regulation of indoor temperature and air quality. Scope of application: indoor air purification in living rooms and public **** places VI. Key technologies for control of non-organic emission sources BME Comprehensive Dust suppression technology mainly includes biological nano-film dust suppression technology, cloud dust suppression technology and wet dust collection technology and other key technologies. Bio-nerve film is a double ionized layer membrane with nanometer spacing, which can maximize the ductility of water molecules and has strong charge adsorption; spraying bio-nerve film on the surface of the material can attract and agglomerate small particles of dust, make it polymerize into large particles of dust, and then settle down by increasing self-weight; the dust removal rate of the technology can reach up to 99% or more, with an average operating cost of 0.05~0.5 yuan/tonne. Cloud mist dust suppression technology is through high-pressure ion atomization and ultrasonic wave atomization, can produce 1μm ~ 100μm of ultra-fine dry mist; ultra-fine dry mist particles are fine and dense, to fully increase the contact area with the dust particles, water particles and dust particles collision and cohesion, the formation of agglomerates, aggregates continue to get bigger and heavier until the final natural settlement, to achieve the purpose of eliminating dust; the dry mist particles produced, 30% ~ 40% of the particle size of 2.5μm, the particles will fall into large granular dust particles, which will increase their self-weight and fall. The dry mist particles produced, 30%~40% of which have a particle size of less than 2.5μm, are effective in preventing and controlling fine particle pollution in the atmosphere. Wet dust collection technology absorbs dust-attached air through pressure drop and removes dust by centrifugal force and mixing of water and dust gas; unique impeller and other key designs provide higher dust removal efficiency. Scope of application: suitable for bulk material production, processing, transportation, loading and unloading, such as mines, construction, quarries, stockyards, ports, coal-fired power plants, iron and steel mills, garbage recycling and processing, etc. VII. Key technologies for monitoring, modeling, and decision-making support of atmospheric pollution Atmosphere Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) Rapid On-line Monitoring System. The main features of the system are: natural compound electronic ultra-low temperature refrigeration system, self-developed temperature measurement technology, dual-pass inert sampling system, de-activated capillary capture, dual-column separation, and dual FID and MS detectors. The system can be used for continuous monitoring on-line or for emergency testing (on-site sampling from the sampling canister). The system can detect 99 kinds of VOCs (hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, oxygenated volatile organic compounds) in one sampling, which can meet the monitoring requirements of VOCs in China's ambient air in a long time. Scope of application: atmospheric environment monitoring eight, clean production key technologies coal water slurry clean combustion technology coal water slurry instead of oil clean combustion technology is the coal ground into fine powder with water and a small amount of additives mixed into a suspension of high concentration slurry, like oil using a fully enclosed way of transportation and storage, pumping and spraying into the boiler furnace atomization of suspended nozzle. It is sprayed into the boiler chamber for atomization and suspension combustion, with high combustion efficiency, which is a new technology of replacing oil with coal. Scope of application: all kinds of power station boilers, industrial boilers, industrial furnaces

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