What are traditional virtues?

The traditional virtues of the Chinese nation are the essence of China's ancient moral civilization, the cohesive agent and cohesion of China's national family ***existence***glorious, which forms the essence or soul of the moral personality of the Chinese nation in the sense of value. The summary and recognition of traditional virtues is the key to inherit and carry forward the fine ethical and moral traditions of the nation, and is also an extremely important source of living water for the construction of moral civilization in modern China.

First, the traditional moral code and traditional virtues

Confucius constructed the first complete system of moral norms, and he took knowledge, benevolence, and courage as the three virtues, on the basis of which he put forward a series of virtues such as etiquette, filial piety, fraternal duty, loyalty, forgiveness, deference, leniency, trust, sensitivity, beneficence, warmth, goodness, thriftiness, concession, sincerity, reverence, kindness, rigidity, perseverance, uprightness, thriftiness, self-restraint and the middle of the road. Mencius took benevolence, righteousness, propriety, and wisdom as the four cardinal virtues or mother virtues, and expanded them into the "Five Lunas and Ten Teachings", i.e., the king's favor and minister's loyalty, the father's kindness and son's filial piety, the brother's friendship and brother's respect, the husband's righteousness and the woman's obedience, and the friend's faithfulness. Guan Zhong, a representative figure of Legalism, put forward the so-called "Four Dimensions and Seven Systems". The "four dimensions" are propriety, righteousness, integrity and shame. The "seven forms" are: filial piety and fraternal duty, respect and loyalty, neutral and proper, neat and tidy, frugal and frugal, pure and solid, and harmony and harmony. These virtues, the later synthesized them into "six virtues" (knowledge, benevolence, saintliness, righteousness, neutrality and harmony), "six lines" (filial piety, friendship, harmony, skillful, any, compassionate), "four dimensions" (propriety, righteousness, integrity, equality), "six lines" (filial piety, friendship, harmony, skillful, any, compassionate), "four dimensions" (propriety, righteousness, integrity, peace), "four dimensions" (propriety, righteousness, integrity, peace). The "eight virtues" (loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, love, faith, righteousness, harmony and equality). After Dong Zhongshu, the "Three Principles" (the king as the subject, the father as the son, and the husband as the wife) and the "Five Constants" (benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, and faith) became the unshakeable golden rules. These virtues, of course, are not all the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation, and some of them contain feudal bad things, which we must analyze specifically. The so-called "traditional virtues" refers to those virtues that are accepted and practiced by the majority of the people in the conscious or customary moral norms, and are consistent throughout the ages and still exert a positive influence in modern times.

Second, the ten traditional virtues of the Chinese nation

In order to have a complete and organic understanding of the traditional Chinese virtues, we grasp the relationship between people and themselves, people and others, and people and groups in three aspects. Accordingly, we can summarize the ten traditional virtues of the Chinese nation.?

1, love, filial piety and fraternal duty

This is the most characteristic part of the Chinese virtues. "Benevolence" is the symbol of the moral spirit of the Chinese nation, and is the most basic and highest virtue in all kinds of morality, and it is also the most universal standard of virtue in secular moral life. The core of the virtue of "benevolence" is to love others, i.e., "the benevolent loves others"; the basic content of the virtue of filial piety and fraternal duty is that the father is kind to the son and the son is filial, and the brother is friendly to the brother, and the brother is respectful to the brother, and it forms a kind of strong family affinity, which plays an extremely important role in the relationship of the family, and thus in the stability of the Chinese society, and is the cornerstone of the national unity. It is the cornerstone of national unity. The sentiment of filial piety and fraternal duty extends to "loyalty and forgiveness", and the basic requirement of the virtue of "loyalty and forgiveness" is to treat others with sincerity and to extend oneself to others, i.e., "all brothers are brothers within the four corners of the world", "not only kissing one's relatives, but also kissing one's own relatives". The basic requirement of the virtue of "loyalty and forgiveness" is to treat others with sincerity and to extend oneself to others, i.e., "all brothers in the four corners of the world", and the social custom of "not being the only one who is close to one's relatives, and not being the only one who has children". As a result, a strong sense of humanity and interest in life is formed in the social life of the big families of the Chinese nation. Love of people, filial piety and fraternal duty, loyalty and forgiveness are the basic contents of benevolence and virtue, and are also the concentrated manifestation of the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation.

2. Humble and courteous

China is a world-renowned state of etiquette, and "etiquette" is the prominent spirit of Chinese culture, and being courteous, being polite, and paying attention to etiquette are the important virtues of the Chinese people in the world. "Manners" is one of the mother virtues of the Chinese nation, which is rooted in the heart of respect and resignation, which is in the heart of respect for the elders, for the moral code, and for the resignation of the brothers and friends. "Humble benefits, full of losses" is a truth that the Chinese people have understood since ancient times, and the virtue of humility is also rooted in the heart of benevolence and resignation, which is centrally embodied in the honor and benefits of the humble not to compete, as well as interpersonal relationships of mutual respect. The "virtue of harmony" is embodied in the "harmony" in treating others, the "harmony" in interpersonal relationship, and the "harmony" in value orientation. "Harmony" in value orientation, "neutralization" as a virtue, "propriety", "modesty" and "harmony" all embody the Chinese people. "all reflect the beautiful sentiments of the Chinese nation.