What are the omens of earthquakes and methods of self-rescue or rescue?

When the rock layer is deformed by force, the state of the underground aquifer will also change, so groundwater often produce some abnormal phenomena: well water flopping and bubbling, suddenly rise and fall, no rain water becomes muddy, change color and taste and smell. However, groundwater is susceptible to environmental influences, so do not panic when you find anomalies, first report the seismic department.

Drought well water bubbles, anomalous lifting and lowering of the door

No rain water becomes muddy, changing color and taste and smell

Jet and sound, floral bubbles

Animal anomalies:

Multiple examples of earthquakes have shown that animals tend to behave abnormally before the quake, and the following is a song that talks about the animal foreshadowing of the quake:

Prior to the earthquake The sound of the earth is similar to the roar of machines, thunder, artillery, and the howling of the wind. The color of the ground light is diverse, the shape is different, in the band, sheet, ball, column, and fire-like light, and so on.

Sheltering nearby during the earthquake and quickly evacuating to a safe place after the quake is a better way to protect against emergencies. The so-called nearby shelter, is to make different responses to different situations according to the local conditions.

School earthquake

When classes are in session, teachers should quickly hold their heads, close their eyes and hide under their desks.

In the playground or outdoors, you can crouch in place, hands to protect the head, pay attention to avoid tall buildings or dangerous objects.

Do not return to the classroom.

There should be an organized evacuation after an earthquake.

Do not jump from buildings! Do not stand outside the window! Do not go out on the balcony!

Classes should be held outside if necessary.

Home earthquake avoidance

Earthquake warning time is short, indoor earthquake avoidance is more realistic, and indoor housing after the collapse of the formation of a triangular space, often people survived the relative safety of the location, can be called the space of earthquake avoidance. This mainly refers to the space formed by the large collapsed body and the support.

The places where triangular spaces can be easily formed are:

under the edge of the bed and near sturdy furniture;

at the root of the inner wall and in the corner of the wall;

in the kitchen, toilet, storeroom and other places with small openings.

Avoiding earthquakes in public *** places

Listen to the directions of the staff on the spot, don't panic, don't crowd towards the exits, avoid crowding, avoid the flow of people, and avoid being squeezed into walls or fences.

In theaters, gymnasiums and other places:

Crouch down on the spot or lie down under the rows of chairs;

Attention to avoid hanging objects such as chandeliers and fans;

Protect your head with a school bag or the like;

Wait for the quake to pass, listen to the staff's command and evacuate in an organized manner.

In shopping malls, bookstores, exhibitions, subways and other places:

Choose sturdy counters, merchandise (such as low furniture, etc.) or the side of pillars, as well as the corners of interior walls, etc., and crouch down on the spot, protecting your head with your hands or other things; avoid glass doors, windows, glass windows, or counters; avoid shelves that are tall and unstable, or that have heavy or fragile items; avoid billboards, chandeliers and other towering or hanging objects.

Inside a moving car:

Grab the handrail to avoid falling or getting hurt; lower your center of gravity and hide near the seat.

Get out of the car after the earthquake has passed.

Outdoor earthquake avoidance

Select an open area to avoid an earthquake:

Crouch down or get down to avoid falling;

Don't run around and avoid crowded places;

Don't go back indoors.

Avoid tall buildings or structures:

Buildings, especially those with glass curtain walls;

Crossing bridges, overpasses;

High chimneys, under water towers.

Avoid dangerous, towering or hanging objects:

Transformers, utility poles, streetlights, etc.;

Billboards, cranes, etc.

Avoid other dangerous places:

Narrow streets;

Dangerous houses, dangerous walls;

Daughter walls, high facades, under canopies;

Stacks of masonry, wood and other things.

Workshop workers to avoid earthquakes

Workshop workers can hide in the car, machine tools and taller equipment, do not panic and run, special positions on the workers should first close the flammable and explosive, toxic gas valves, timely reduction of high temperature and high pressure pipeline temperatures and pressures, shut down the operation of the equipment. Most of the personnel can be evacuated from the work site, under the premise of safety protection, a small number of personnel to stay at the scene at any time to monitor the danger, and timely handling of possible accidents, to prevent secondary disasters from occurring.

Earthquake traveling vehicle emergency shelter

(1) the driver should decelerate as soon as possible, gradually brake brake;

(2) passengers (especially in the train) should be firmly grasped by the hands of pull handles, columns or seats, and pay attention to prevent baggage from the shelves fall off the injuries, the face towards the direction of the train, the person should be leaning his arm in the front seat cushions, protect the face, the body tends to the passageway The two hands protect the head; back towards the direction of travel, to protect the back of the head with two hands, and raise the knees to protect the abdomen, tighten the body, make a good defense posture.

Earthquake emergency shelter for people in the building

Earthquakes happen, first of all, we must maintain a clear, calm mind, timely identification of the vibration condition, do not jump in a panic, this is extremely important. Secondly, you can hide in the solid furniture, or the corner of the wall, can also be transferred to the more load-bearing walls, small openings in the kitchen, the toilet to take refuge for a while. Because these places have strong bonding force, especially the pipeline has been processed, has a better support, anti-seismic coefficient is larger. In short, the earthquake can be based on the layout of the building and indoor conditions, the time and situation, looking for safe space and access to take refuge, reduce casualties.

Emergency shelter in the store earthquake

In the department store encountered an earthquake, to remain calm. As people panic, the goods fall, may make the evacuation channel blocked. At this time, you should hide near the large columns and large products (avoiding the display cases), or towards the unobstructed access to avoid, and then crouch down, waiting for the earthquake to subside. Being in the upstairs position, in principle, it is better to move to the ground floor. However, staircases are often the weakest part of a building against earthquakes, so it is important to look for the right time to get out of danger. Attendants should organize people to take shelter nearby and evacuate safely after the quake.

Three strategies for avoiding earthquakes in high-rise buildings

Experts suggest that in a metropolis like Beijing, which is dominated by buildings, residents should consciously master some scientifically applicable strategies for avoiding earthquakes.

Strategy one: stay calm during the quake and walk outdoors afterward. This is an internationally recognized code of practice for earthquake avoidance, and many examples of earthquakes at home and abroad have shown that the probability of being smashed to death or injury is greatest in the brief moments of an earthquake when people are entering or leaving a building. Therefore, experts caution that indoor earthquake avoidance is the first choice if the conditions are good. If the building is poorly resistant to earthquakes, run out of the room as much as possible.

According to relevant national standards, residential buildings in Beijing should have the ability to withstand damage from earthquakes with an intensity of 8 degrees. Experts suggest that when an earthquake occurs, don't panic first and keep your vision open and maneuverable so that you can act on camera. Particularly bear in mind is not to stay in bed; not to run to the balcony; not to run to the hallway and other crowded places to go; not to jump; not to use the elevator, if the quake in the elevator should leave as soon as possible, if the door can not be opened to crouch down with their heads. In addition, to immediately extinguish the fire and power outages to prevent scalding electrocution and fire.

Strategy two: earthquake location is crucial. Live in the building to avoid earthquakes, according to the layout of the building and indoor conditions, the situation, looking for a safe space to hide. It is best to find a place where a triangular space can be formed. Squatting next to the heater is safer, the bearing capacity of the heater is larger, the network structure and elasticity of the metal pipeline is not easy to be torn, even in the earthquake is not easy to be thrown out of the substantial shaking; heating pipeline ventilation is good, is not easy to cause people to suffocate; the pipeline of the water can be prolonged survival period. More importantly, trapped people can be used to hit the heating pipe to the outside world to send a message, and the heating against the outside wall of the location is conducive to the fastest access to help.

Need to pay special attention to is, when hiding in the kitchen, bathroom, such a small open room, try to away from the stove, gas pipeline and easy to break dishes farther. If the kitchen and bathroom are in the nooks and crannies of the building, and the partition wall is a thin plate wall, do not choose it as the best place to avoid the earthquake. In addition, do not drill into the cabinet or box, because once a person drilled into the immediate loss of mobility, obstructed vision, limbs are bound, not only will miss the opportunity to escape but also is not conducive to being rescued; lying posture is not good, the human body's plane area increases, the probability of being hit than standing 5 times greater, and it is difficult to maneuver to change position.

Strategy three: near water not near the fire, leaning out not leaning in. This is an important principle to ensure that you get timely help from others in an urban earthquake. Do not be close to gas stoves, gas pipes and household appliances; do not choose the inner position of the building, as close as possible to the outer wall, but not hide under the window; as close as possible to the water source, once trapped, to try to contact the outside world, in addition to contact with a cell phone, can be knocked on the pipe and the heater, you can also turn on the flashlight

Family earthquake tips

1. Grasp the time to take shelter in the event of an emergency. If you feel the shaking is light, the source of the tremor is far away, so just hide under solid furniture. From the beginning of the earthquake to the end of the vibration process, the time is only ten seconds to dozens of seconds, so grasp the time to avoid the most critical, do not delay.

2. Choose the right space. Indoor safer space to avoid earthquakes are: load-bearing wall roots, corners; water pipes and heating pipes and other places. The most unfavorable places to avoid earthquakes in the house are: unsupported beds; ceiling, chandeliers; unsupported floor around; glass (including mirrors) and large windows.

3. Do a good job of self-protection. First of all, be calm, choose a good hiding place should crouch or sit down, face down, forehead pillow in the two arms; or grasp the table legs and other objects around the firm, so as not to fall or because of the body out of control shifted and injured; protection of the head and neck, head down, with the hand to protect the head or the back of the neck; protection of the eyes, lowered, closed eyes, in order to prevent injury from foreign objects; protection of the mouth, nose, when possible, available wet towels to cover the mouth and nose, in order to prevent the gray earth, poisonous gases. .