Collection of detailed information of Liwan Museum

Liwan Museum was established in199665438+February, which is the first district-level museum in Guangdong Province to collect, display and study the history, culture and folk customs of Liwan. The main entrance of Liwan Museum is located on the west side of Panxi Restaurant, Jinlong West Road, Liwan District, and the side entrance is located at No.84 Fengyuan North Street, Jinlong West Road. It is a rich merchant villa with Chinese gardens and western architecture in the early years of the Republic of China.

Chinese name: Liwan Museum Location: No.84 Fengyuan North Street, Jinlong West Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou Completion Time:1996 65438+February Grade: District-level development history, architectural layout, Xiguan Folk Museum, Qingyun Lane, Piantai, Chaochao Room, Flower Cover, Courtyard, gatehouse, study room, master room, young master room, restaurant and building. Development History On September 26th, 2000, Xiguan Folk Museum, the second phase project of Liwan Museum, was officially opened to the public. The main building of Xiguan Folk Museum is the reconstructed xiguan big house, located on the east side of the original site, with a construction area of 278 square meters. Its establishment aims to fully protect and dig deep into Xiguan's rich historical and cultural resources, and partly reproduce the typical model of traditional xiguan big house and the lifestyle and cultural landscape of Xiguan House through home furnishings and scene display. Following the principle of "preserving the old as before", xiguan big house has completely restored the architectural pattern and style of the old house from the aspects of plane layout, facade treatment, architectural design and detail decoration. The indoor furnishings are mainly Cantonese-style furniture in Ming and Qing Dynasties, supplemented by exhibitions such as "xiguan big house Architectural Artistic Conception", "Xiguan Folk Custom", "Marriage Custom" and "Festival Custom" in the staircase corridor and empty rooms, which fully show the life customs of Xiguan people living in xiguan big house and the charm of Xiguan Corner and Home Forest in the past. Architectural layout Xiguan folk museum Xiguan culture is the epitome of Guangzhou culture; Xiguan big house is the essence of Xiguan architectural culture. Xiguan Folk Museum was rebuilt from a typical xiguan big house. On the right side of Liwan Museum, you can see the big house beside Qingyun Lane. The walls of the house are neatly made of a kind of blue brick, which is not a huge building, but the high roof walls, as well as the overall exquisite design of stairwells, corridors, roofs and patios, still give people a deep feeling of the courtyard. Liwan Museum stepped into the main entrance composed of low-hanging doors, rafters and hard wooden doors, and stepped on red bricks, which faintly gave birth to an ancient rhyme. The folk museum adopts a three-room layout, facing the gate is the main hall (temple), where ancestors and family members meet. The furniture inside is symmetrically arranged, and the tables and chairs are made of precious acid branches. In front of the main hall, near the patio, there is a flower cover carved with wood blocks to separate the hall from the patio; Above the main hall, there is also a shrine to ancestors; The first room is surrounded by a screen door behind the main hall, which is where the oldest elder in the family lives; Behind the first room is the second hall, which is the dining place for family members. Folk Museum displays all kinds of ancient daily necessities here, such as teak juicer, copper pitcher, pulp bowl, washboard and so on. The most interesting thing is a large water mixing furnace, made of all copper. When one side burns wood for heating, the other two sides can also be heated and insulated by heat transfer. The brilliant idea is amazing. On the west side of the main hall is the slant hall, which was originally used to welcome guests. Now it is an exhibition room. The stained glass windows on the wall echo the quaint woodcarving plaque. In the showcase, you can see electric heaters, vanity mirrors, cameras, cosmetic boxes, water lamps, ebony chopsticks inlaid with silver, mahogany rulers and so on. In the 1930s and 1940s. What's even better is a pair of black painted Wonton Noodles shoulders, which makes people smell the fragrance of Wonton Noodles and hear the shouts of hawkers selling along the street. On the east side of the main hall is the reading room, which is still arranged according to the old appearance. There are all kinds of desks, bookcases and antique cabinets. There are brushes and inkstones on the desk, and ancient picture frames are hung on the wall, which smells like thick picture scrolls. On one side of the table, there is an old and bulky phonograph, and the faint music coming out should be the voices of Zhou Xuan and white light: red face, beating heart, your soul, a long time ago. Deep and intoxicating, sweet and soft. That was a popular song at that time. There is a small courtyard outside the study room. Several clumps of green plants or long leaves float in the air, or cover the window of the courtyard wall, which seems to be a touch of freehand brushwork, but in fact it means leisure; There is also a room behind the library, which is now designed as a new house, with portraits of the groom, bride and sister Daikin hanging for visitors to visit; There is a "Qingyun Lane" (cold lane) on one side of the study, which is the place where wives and servants used to go in and out. From the second hall, you can go to the attic by winding up the wooden stairs with wooden handrails, and the order of the stairs is single row, not double row; Pictures introducing the customs and history of Guangzhou, such as tourism, housing and clothing, are hung on the wall of the passage. There are two rooms in the attic, one of which is Miss Leap's room, which also contains the things commonly used by Miss Leap. At that time, Miss Xiguan was very polite and dressed in fashion. There are old photos in the photo frame on the corridor wall, recreating the old Xiguan style. The ladies in the photos are round and beautiful, which is very inconsistent with the phenomenon that local women in Guangzhou are thin now. As the saying goes: Master Dongshan, Miss Xiguan. Miss Xiguan's dress was fashionable and beautiful, and was imitated by people at that time. Even Ma Jie, her personal servant who waits on them, has a unique charm. She wears a white jacket and black pants and hangs a big braid, and her appearance is shiny and smooth. The young lady's boudoir faces the patio, with a long big window and a beautiful and delicate cosmetic box on the dresser. At that time, they lived in a boudoir, with a window of scenery that had nothing to do with them and a mirror of self-pity, and only spent the most prosperous life. Another room in Liwan Museum is now used as an exhibition room to introduce the seasonal customs in Guangzhou. Among the exhibits is a set of miniature wooden tables and chairs for "Seven Sisters' Birthday", which are handmade and exquisite. Xiguan Folk Museum can be described as a one-room small scene, full of affection and lasting charm, which not only shows the exquisiteness of xiguan big house, but also condenses the Guangzhou customs. Qingyun Lane, also known as "cold lane", "fire lane" and "water lane", has many functions such as traffic, ventilation and lighting. If the alley is long, it is often separated by a doorway wall in the middle section, which adds a sense of hierarchy to the wall. If the alley is long, a door-opening wall is often added in the middle section to increase the sense of hierarchy. In ancient times, it was thought that the well water connected the sea, and the dragon god of Jing Quan was the sea dragon king, keeping the family safe. This is a well with the dragon god of Jing Quan on it. A place where family members rest and receive guests. Calligraphy and painting couplets are often hung or engraved on the wall, which reflects the master's cultural taste and accomplishment. Such as "full moon, clean hands." "Even if there are thousands of fertile fields, it is difficult to buy offspring with money" and so on. Now, as the exhibition hall of "Architectural Artistic Conception of xiguan big house", it dissects and explains xiguan big house and various details. Liwan Museum is a temporary room for guests. Furniture display is relatively simple and casual. Xiguan big house's bay is connected by a horizontal gate. Transverse doors are often decorated with horizontal plaques or brick carvings, and some are made into round colored glass windows, windows with butterfly patterns, commonly known as "butterfly windows", with curved gray lines on the top of the windows, which are obviously influenced by the West. Main hall: also known as the temple, it is the "heart" of the whole house and the main hall. This hall has the highest roof, the largest area, the most exquisite architectural decoration technology and the most solemn atmosphere. This is a place where extended families get together, worship their ancestors, decide family affairs and receive particularly important guests. In front of the flower cover hall near the patio, there are flowers hanging over the beam, which is called flower cover in Guangzhou and is the boundary between the hall and the patio. The lintel hangs to both sides, generally only above the height of the human body, and hangs to the ground, which is called "floor". From the design, materials and technology, the flower cover is a very noble handicraft. First screen door: the craft material is more noble than other rooms. Above the screen door is a sacred building. When you stand in front of the main hall, you should look up at the throne of God. Such a scale treatment can reflect the financial resources and family background of the host family. The furniture here is a full set of luxurious and sour furniture. It is the place where the oldest elders sit, and their children and grandchildren sit on both sides, with the top of the hall as the most respected. It is commonly called "48 chairs" here. In the past, the patio was mostly square, especially the patio between the gatehouse hall, sedan chair hall and main hall, which emphasized the need for square. The drainage holes in the patio are often carved into the shape of gold thread, which is related to the belief that water is wealth in the past and has the function of a barrier. The entrance to the official hall of Liwan Museum is the official hall, where the doorman sits. There is also an official god to bless the family's safe entry and exit. As the saying goes, it takes three halls to get to the God Building. Now there are only two halls here, and there is also one hall: sedan chair hall. Because of the limited space, we shortened it. The typical plane of xiguan big house is "three-sided intersection", also called "three-bay". The main hall is dominated by the hall, which forms an obvious central axis from the gate-doorman (hall)-sedan chair hall-main hall (also known as hall or shrine hall)-head room (elders' room)-second hall (dining room)-to the last second room (tail room). Hall, sedan chair hall and main hall, each hall is composed of a golden dome, and each golden dome is called "gold". xiguan big house is composed of many "gold". On both sides of the center are books, mainly halls, study rooms, staircases and so on. , basically symmetrical arrangement. As a place for the master to study and teach children, the study room is decorated with Four Treasures of the Study, books and antiques, which is elegant and unique. There is often a quiet and elegant small courtyard in front, which is planted with all kinds of precious flowers and trees, mostly on the reconstructed flower base with a height of about 1 m, so that the branches and leaves of plants can extend out of the window as soon as possible to receive more sunshine and beautify the environment. The layout of this scene appears to be "a small scene in one room, full of affection and endless charm." The master room is now a "marriage custom" exhibition room, which embodies the unique marriage custom of Xiguan and continues the tradition of the Central Plains. The wedding customs in Xiguan are extremely luxurious and grand. In the new gallery, the brides are red and green, the guests are like clouds, and the accompanying gifts and gift boxes fill the room. With the cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, in addition to Chinese weddings, couples often took photos in western-style wedding dresses. Stairs: Stairs show you some daily necessities in xiguan big house, each with its own uses. Stairs: All ancient houses use wooden stairs, and the overall steps are single-level, not double-level. Folklores about clothing, accommodation and entertainment in Liwan are on display in the corridor. Clothes-there is a saying: Master Dongshan, Miss Xiguan. Miss Xiguan's dress was fashionable and beautiful, and was imitated by people at that time. At that time, there were costumes of female sisters working in Xiguan, which were quite distinctive. At that time, people still liked to wear wooden shoes and uncle shoes. At that time, someone in Xiguan made a living by nailing wooden shoes and uncle shoes. Living in Liwan Museum-In addition to traditional houses, xiguan big house also has western-style small foreign buildings, stone houses and arcades, which reflects the influence and infiltration of western culture. How to play-"Swimming in Litchi Bay". Every evening, Xiguan people and even Guangzhou people take a boat trip to Lizhi Bay, eat boat porridge, play cards, listen to Cantonese opera, go out with friends, and the elegant people sing poems in pairs, which is endless fun. Sky platform with parapet: In the case of hot and humid weather in the south, the sky platform has great practical value in life. Daily activities such as basking in the sun, enjoying the cool, planting flowers, raising fish, begging for cleverness on Tanabata and enjoying the moon in Mid-Autumn Festival are all carried out on this scale. There is an exhibition of holiday customs in the young master's room to learn about Xiguan's unique holiday customs. The lion dance in the Spring Festival, the exchange of moon cakes in the Mid-Autumn Festival, and the "wearing seven holes" in the past begging festival are all holiday customs. Miss Zhai: Miss Xiguan's boudoir is exquisitely furnished, which fully embodies the ladies' comfortable life and elegant taste. The carving of the bed is extremely exquisite and unforgettable. Restaurant The dining room in xiguan big house (the second hall mentioned just now) has very casual furniture. Skylight is a special kind of window, which is opened and closed by hanging ropes, and has dual functions of ventilation and lighting. Elders' Room (Shenhou Room): A room for the oldest elders to live in, and the furniture is generally arranged according to the owner's preferences. Architectural Style1996 65438+February, Liwan Museum opened here, which is the first district-level museum in Guangdong Province. There is a courtyard of 1.300 square meters in the museum, and there are wonders such as "the meeting of the clouds" and the flying banyan on the stone. There is a three-story exhibition building with an area of over 900 square meters. The exhibition hall is now around Xiguan folk customs, and the exhibits are displayed in four parts: first, local customs; Second, characteristic art; Third, commercial street; 4. Donated collections, including unearthed cultural relics, xiguan big house woodcarving, Xiguan modern costumes, furniture, daily necessities, etc. And many precious old photos reflecting the historical documentary of Xiguan as a scenic spot of Lingnan Water Town in history, a special foreign trade zone in history and a hometown of Cantonese opera. In order to show Liwan's unique cultural landscape, folk customs, history and culture, and protect the historical and cultural resources in this area, Liwan District invested 2.3 million yuan to build the first district-level museum in Guangzhou-Liwan Museum. The museum is located at No.84 Fengyuan North Street, Jinlong West Road, Guangzhou, with a total construction area of 2,300 square meters. It was officially opened on 1996 12 13. The museum is divided into three floors, displaying pictures and materials of places of interest such as Chen Academy, xiguan big house, Qilou and Xiguan Folk Custom. Pictures of professional streets in Xiguan, traditional time-honored brands, the eighth session of Cantonese Opera, and the private partnership bureau, which reflect the "Liwan style"; Zhan Tianyou, Chen Shaobai, Zhao Shaoang, Li Wentian, Li Quzhai and other Liwan celebrities' works and related materials. In addition, Liwan Museum is located at No.84 Fengyuan North Street, Jinlong West Road, Liwan District, Guangzhou. The Old Museum was the former residence of Mr. Chen Lianzhong, the comprador of the British businessman HSBC in the early years of the Republic of China, and 1993 was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Guangzhou. There are both western-style villas and Chinese gardens here. Chen Lianzhong Mansion, with a garden area of 1000 square meters, has columns and arches imitating Rome and Greece, as well as grottoes, caves, pavilions, roads and bridges. It is known as "the masterpiece of the wonders of the rocky mountains in Lingnan", "the meeting between clouds" and "the flying banyan on the stone". There is a pool under the stone. It is said that the pool water once crossed Liwan Lake, and yachts can reach the foot of Rocky Mountain. Xiguan big house in the museum reproduces the typical model of traditional xiguan big house, as well as the lifestyle and cultural landscape of Xiguan homeland. The courtyard with Lingnan characteristics and the western-style villas in the museum have perfect scenery, and there is also the "flying banyan on the stone", which is known as the "masterpiece of Lingnan stone mountain wonders". Liwan Museum