What is the development trend of plant gardening?

Throughout the development history of China gardens, from the palace gardens in Qin and Han Dynasties to the formation of China garden styles in Ming and Qing Dynasties, every stage is inseparable from the creation and utilization of natural scenery. Slave society and feudal society, because of the low level of productivity, human beings have a poor ability to conquer and control nature, so they have a fear of nature. The ancient "totem" is a religious activity in which human beings worship the natural film ceremony. In order to show human power, a large number of artificially created objects have become symbols of human conquest of nature. Artificial creation is superior to nature, which is a very popular trend in ancient times. At that time, gardeners were also influenced by this, reflecting "artificial beauty" everywhere. Therefore, both the imperial gardens and the private houses of scholars have built a large number of artificial buildings, which show their noble status with their magnificence. Suzhou digs government gardens and lives in them, taking architecture as the main body and becoming a typical example of private gardens. However, even in this artificial garden, the natural flavor of "man-made, but natural", flowers and trees still occupy a certain proportion with their unique charm. The ancients thought: "There is no pine in the garden, and it is unintentional to draw a dragon without drawing a tail." Gardens attach great importance to the arrangement of plants, "planting plums in front of the house and behind the house" and "moving bamboo as a window", which is also a manifestation of human nature's yearning for nature.

With the development of social economy, the rapid expansion of urban population, land shortage, high-rise buildings and dense buildings have isolated urban residents from nature and hindered the circulation of fresh air in suburbs, thus producing the "heat island effect". On the other hand, the smoke and dust emitted by factories and the roar of vehicles and machinery not only pollute the urban air, but also hinder residents' sense of smell, vision and hearing, which leads to the ecological imbalance of urban space and the decline of urban environmental quality, making modern people more and more eager to return to the lush, green world with flowers and birds.

This trend of returning to simplicity also affects the guiding ideology of landscape design, requiring designers to conform to this psychological trend, follow the guiding ideology of "natural beauty", and focus on plant gardening to improve the ecological environment. British gardener B.Clauston put forward: "In the final analysis, garden design is the design of plant materials, and its purpose is to improve human ecological environment. Other content can only play a role in an environment with plants. " This is the design idea followed by foreign landscape designers. Gardens in western countries are also developing in the direction of plant gardening. Canberra, the capital of Australia, is a world-famous "garden city". In Munich, Germany, there is a park, 1 134. The park is full of green grass, birds and flowers, and the beautiful scenery attracts people. In Britain, during the period of 17- 18, the British government sent people to collect plant species all over the world in various names, which greatly enriched the plant materials in British gardens and laid a solid foundation for plant gardening in British gardens. There are many special gardens in British parks, such as rose garden, cuckoo garden, grass garden, maple garden, pine garden and bamboo garden.

In recent years, the construction of garden green space in China has paid more attention to the design of plant landscape and emphasized the rational allocation of plants, which has made unremitting efforts to improve the ecological benefits of the environment and realize the landscape of the earth. However, the planning and construction of garden green space in some places did not break through the traditional pattern of ancient gardens, and they were keen on antique buildings and rockeries, ignoring the role of green plants. Undeniably, traditional gardens in China are artistic treasures in the history of world gardening, and we should inherit and carry forward excellent traditional arts. However, with the progress of the times, environmental problems have become a hot topic facing contemporary human society. It is an inevitable trend to establish a perfect, multifunctional and virtuous cycle ecosystem with plants as the main body in today's world to protect the environment. Plants not only play an important role in protecting the ecological environment, but also are essential in creating beautiful landscapes.