What are the classifications of architectural glass? Common types of architectural glass and their applications

1) window glass

Flat glass for windows is called glass for short and has not been polished. It is mainly used for doors, windows, walls and outdoor decoration of buildings, and has the functions of light transmission, heat insulation, sound insulation, wind resistance and protection. It can also be used for shop counters, windows and doors and windows of some vehicles (cars, ships, etc.). ).

The thickness of flat glass for windows is generally 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6mm, among which 2 ~ 3mm is commonly used in civil buildings, and 4 ~ 6mm is mainly used in industrial and high-rise buildings.

2) Polishing glass

Polished glass, also known as mirror glass or white glass, is a polished flat glass, which is divided into single-sided polishing and double-sided polishing. The surface of polished glass is smooth and shiny, and the scene will not be deformed no matter which direction it is viewed or reflected. Its thickness is generally 5 ~ 6mm, and its size can be made according to requirements. It is often used to install large advanced doors and windows, windows or mirrors.

3) Frosted glass

Ground glass, also known as frosted glass, is to treat the surface of ordinary flat glass into a uniform frosted surface by mechanical sandblasting, manual grinding or hydrofluoric acid solution. The frosted glass has a rough surface, which makes the light diffuse and has the characteristics of light transmission and non-perspective, which makes the indoor light soft. Therefore, it is often used as a partition in toilets, bathrooms, toilets, offices, corridors and other places, and can also be used as a blackboard surface.

4) stained glass

Colored glass, also known as colored glass, is divided into transparent and opaque. The glass has the advantages of corrosion resistance, erosion resistance and easy cleaning, and can be spliced into various patterns and patterns. Suitable for doors and windows, internal and external walls and lighting parts with special requirements for light.

5) Grating glass

Grating glass is a laser decorative material based on glass and formed by laser surface micro-etching. It is a modern high-tech laser holographic dimming principle, which makes ordinary glass present colorful three-dimensional images under white light. Grating glass has good impact resistance, skid resistance and corrosion resistance, and is suitable for beautifying and decorating halls, internal and external walls, facade signs, billboards, ceilings, screens, doors and windows in families, public facilities and cultural and entertainment places.

6) embossed glass

Embossed glass is a kind of flat glass with patterns, which is made of colorless or colored glass liquid and continuously calendered by patterned rollers. Embossed glass is characterized by light transmittance (60% ~ 70%), no perspective and high decoration. Embossed glass is suitable for indoor decoration and separation in various indoor occasions with different requirements for perspective, and can be used for processing handicrafts and daily necessities such as screens and desk lamps.

7) stained glass

Painted glass is a kind of high-grade decorative glass product with wide applications. Screen painting technology can realistically copy the original painting to the glass. It is not limited by the thickness and size of glass, and can make various transparent shades and patterns on flat glass. Moreover, the coating has strong adhesion, good durability, scrub resistance and easy cleaning. Painted glass can be used in doors and windows, indoor and outdoor curtain walls, office buildings, shopping malls and entertainment places. Its different patterns and pictures can be used to achieve high artistic decoration effect.

2. Safety glass

1) tempered glass

Tempered glass is made by heating flat glass to softening temperature and rapidly cooling it to quench or chemically exchange ions. Compared with ordinary glass, the bending strength, impact strength and toughness of steel cover glass are improved by 5 ~ 6 times, 3 times and 5 times respectively. Toughened glass will not form sharp and angular fragments when broken, so it will not hurt people. Curved tempered glass is mainly used for doors and windows of large public buildings, skylights and windows of industrial workshops.

2) laminated glass

Laminated glass is a flat or curved composite glass product made of two or more transparent plastic sheets by hot pressing. The characteristic of laminated glass is good safety, because the plastic lining bonded in the middle makes the glass not splash when it is broken, producing radial cracks and not hurting people, so its impact strength is much higher than that of ordinary glass. Laminated glass is suitable for doors and windows with high safety requirements, such as doors and windows of high-rise buildings, doors and windows of buildings and basements, doors and windows of banks and other buildings, commodity display cabinets, windows and other anti-collision parts.

3) laminated glass

Laminated glass is made by heating ordinary flat glass to a red-hot softening state, and then pressing preheated metal wire or metal mesh into the glass. Wire-sandwiched glass is suitable for doors and windows, roofs, daylighting skylights of industrial plants with large vibration, warehouses that need safety and fire prevention, library doors and windows, composite external walls of buildings, transparent fences, etc.

4) Safety glass

Theft-proof glass is a special laminated glass. General tempered glass, ultra-thick glass, strengthened plexiglass, polished laminated glass and other multi-layer composite glass are all glued with resin glue, and wires embedded in the middle interlayer and sensitive detection elements are connected to the alarm device.

3. Special glass

1) heat-absorbing glass

Heat-absorbing glass is flat glass made by introducing heat-absorbing colorants (iron oxide, nickel oxide, etc.). ) into the glass melt or spray heat-absorbing colored oxide film (tin oxide, antimony oxide, etc. ) on the glass surface. Heat-absorbing glass can not only absorb less than 70% of infrared radiation energy, but also maintain good light transmittance and absorb some visible light and ultraviolet rays, and has the functions of anti-glare and anti-ultraviolet. Heat-absorbing glass is suitable for places that need lighting and heat insulation, especially hot areas, doors and windows, curtain walls, commodity windows of large public buildings that need air conditioning and anti-glare, machine rooms and windshields of trains, cars and ships, and can also be made into laminated and heat-insulating glass products.

2) Heat reflective glass

Heat-reflective glass is coated glass made by spraying metals and metal oxides such as gold, silver, aluminum, copper, nickel and ferrochrome on the surface or sticking organic films by heating, evaporation and chemistry. Heat-reflective glass is the most effective sun protection glass in modern times because of its high heat reflection ability to sunlight, low heat transmittance and good light transmittance. Heat-reflective glass has one-way perspective, and its light-facing surface has specular reflection characteristics. It not only has beautiful colors, but also can map the surrounding landscape, so that the building can coordinate with the surrounding landscape. Heat-reflective glass is suitable for doors and windows, glass curtain walls, hallways and various decorative parts of modern high-grade buildings. It can be used to make double-layer insulating glass and form a glass curtain wall with an air layer, achieving excellent heat insulation and energy saving effects.

3) photochromic glass

Photochromic glass is obtained by adding silver halide to the glass or adding photosensitive compounds of molybdenum and tungsten to the interlayer between the glass and organic matter. Photochromic glass can automatically adjust indoor light. Photochromic glass is mainly used for building doors and windows that need to avoid glare and automatically adjust light intensity.