About Lu Xun's "The Morning Flower and the Evening Gleanings

Lu Xun was already an important writer in the literary world when he wrote "Pilgrimage to the Morning Flower and Evening Gleanings"; after the March 18th Tragedy in 1926, Lu Xun wrote "Memorial to Liu Hetzhen" and other articles to angrily denounce the reactionary government's shameless acts, but he was persecuted by the reactionary government, and he had to lead a life of displacement. He was persecuted by the reactionary government and had to live a life of displacement. He had to live in Yamamoto Hospital and German Hospital successively. In spite of his hard life, he wrote a lot of prose poems and three essays, including Twenty-four Pictures of Filial Piety, The Five Rampant Events, and The Uncanny, which were later combined with Lu Xun's Dogs and Cats, which he wrote before the tragedy. Cats? Mouse" and "A Chang and the Classic of Mountains and Seas" were included in the prose collection Chao Hua Xi Jie.

Lu Xun accepted an offer to teach at Xiamen University in September 1926, but he stayed there for just over four months because he realized that the air at Xiamen University was just as foul as it was in Beijing. Lu Xun saw all kinds of ugly faces of intellectuals here and attacked them without mercy. Although Lu Xun disliked Xiamen University, he devoted himself to the courses he took and the classes he taught were very popular with the students. In addition to his busy teaching schedule, Lu Xun wrote many works, which included five essays, From the Hundred-Clover Garden to the House of Three Flavors, Father's Sickness, A Memoir of the Lock, Mr. Fujino, and Fan Ainong. These five essays, together with another five essays written in Beijing, make up the entirety of Chao Hua Xi Jie (朝花夕拾).

Chao Hua Xi Jie was published in 1927.

Three: Main Contents and Thematic Ideas

"Dogs? Cat? Mouse" -- In this article, Mr. Lu Xun counted the cat's crimes: first, the cat always plays with the prey it catches enough before eating it; second, it is of the same family as the lion and the tiger, but it is born with a charming look; third, it always growls when it is in tune with it, which is disturbing; and fourth, it ate one of the small hidden mice that was beloved by me when I was a child. Although it was later confirmed that the cat did not cause the harm, but I will not have a good feeling about the cat, not to mention that it did eat the little rabbit later! This article takes the type of "cat" as a poignant and graphic satire of people who are similar to cats in their lives.

"A Chang and the Classic of Mountains and Seas"--A Chang was Lu Xun's nanny when he was a child. Recounting the childhood with the long scene, describes the long mother kind, simple but superstitious, nagging, "full of troublesome etiquette" of the character; to her search for the purchase of the gift of their long-desired drawings of the "Classic of Mountains and Seas" of the love, full of respect and gratitude. The article expresses the sincere remembrance of this laboring woman in heartfelt words.

The Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety--The so-called Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety is a book telling the stories of twenty-four filial sons in ancient China, complete with drawings and paintings, with the main purpose of promoting the feudal virtue of filial piety. Mr. Lu Xun started from his own feelings of reading the Twenty-Four Pictures of Filial Piety when he was a child, focusing on the strong resentment aroused by reading the stories of "Lao Lai Entertaining His Family" and "Guo Ju Burying His Children", which graphically exposed the hypocrisy and cruelty of feudal filial piety and revealed the Chinese Children's Pity "Wuxanhui" - Wuxanhui is a festival to welcome the gods, which was a festival in my mind in my childhood. It describes the eagerness and excitement of my childhood when I was looking forward to watching the festival, and the disappointing and painful feeling of being forced by my father to recite "Jianliu". It points out the suppression and destruction of children's nature by the compulsory feudal education.

The Uncanny--The Uncanny is a ghost with human feelings. When he went to hook souls, he saw the mother crying for her dead son, and decided to let her son "return to the sun for half a moment", and was beaten by his superior, the King of Hell, with a forty-strike blow. In the article, when recalling the impermanence, from time to time adding a few sentences to the reality of the so-called righteous people's irony, unreal impermanence to give Lu Xun's lonely and sad heart a little comfort.

From the Hundred-Clover Garden to the House of Three Flavors--Describes the fun of reading in the Hundred-Clover Garden at home and the tedious life in the House of Three Flavors, reveals the sharp contradiction between children's broad interest in life and the education in the feudal bookcases which bound children's nature, and expresses the reasonable demand that children should grow up healthily and vividly.

"My Father's Disease"

The death of his father by a quack doctor has always been a pain buried in Lu Xun's heart. The article focuses on recalling the scene of his father's treatment in his childhood, describing the attitude, style, and prescription of several "famous doctors", revealing the essence of these people's indistinguishability from doctors and sham doctors, extorting money, and killing people.

The Book of Locks--Lu Xun mainly recalls his departure from Shaoxing to Nanjing in this article. The work describes the shortcomings of the Jiangnan Water Teacher's School and the Mining and Railway School at that time, and the difficulties in seeking knowledge, and criticizes the "pandemonium" of the school run by the foreign affairs faction. The author describes the excitement of the first contact with the theory of evolution, and despite the opposition of the elders, he reads "The Theory of Acts of God" hungrily, showing a strong desire to seek the truth.

"Mr. Fujino"--records the author's study life during his time in Japan, and recounts how he was discriminated against and insulted by Japanese students at the Sendai Medical College and how he decided to give up medicine and become a writer. The author prominently recounts the noble character of his Japanese teacher, Mr. Fujino, who was rigorous, upright, enthusiastic, and free from national prejudice, and expresses his deep nostalgia for Mr. Fujino.

"Fan Ainong"

Fan Ainong--The author recounts a few moments of his contact with Fan Ainong when he was a student in Japan and after his return to China, describes Fan Ainong's dissatisfaction with the dark society and his pursuit of the revolution before the revolution, and then the persecution he suffered after the Xinhai Revolution, and shows his disappointment in the old democratic revolution and his sympathy and condolences for this upright and headstrong patriot. The book is a great example of the disappointment of the old democratic revolution and the sympathy and mourning for this upright and stubborn patriot.

Four Characters

The four main characters in Chaohua Xi Zhi Zhi are the author's nanny, teacher, friend and father.

Long mother--has a foolish and superstitious side, but she preserves a simple and kind love in her, which the author will never forget. We can see Lu Xun's feelings for the working people at the bottom of the society: he reveals their ignorance and numbness, but also celebrates their goodness and kindness.

Mr. Fujino, a professor of medicine in a foreign country, is admired for the simplicity and greatness of his personality because he shows an attitude of treating people as equals and because he cares about the studies of the children of weak countries. Everything he did was ordinary, and if we do not put ourselves in Lu Xun's shoes and imagine his situation at that time, it is difficult to feel the greatness of this teacher.

Fan Ainong -- an awakened intellectual, but unable to gain a foothold in a dark society. He could not be like the madman who finally compromised with this society, nor could he forget like Mr. N. Therefore, his heart was painful and sad, and we, like Mr. Lu Xun, suspected that he had committed suicide.

Father - His father had confused the childhood Lu Xun, for ordering him to memorize the book when he was gleefully going to see the Five Ramparts. However, Lu Xun never blamed his father; he repented that he did not let his father die quietly, which made his mind forever disturbed and painful. We feel Mr. Lu Xun's strong love.

V. Artistic Techniques

1. Organic integration of narrative, description, lyricism and discussion into one, full of poetry. Such as describing the scenery of the Garden of Hundred Clovers, colorful, mesmerizing.

2. When recalling the past fondly, the author can't forget the reality and inserts some "miscellaneous writing style" (i.e., discussing the reality) from time to time, which shows Mr. Lu Xun's real and rich inner world. For example, "Dogs? Cats? Mouse" has both the author's fond memories of a cute little hermit mouse he owned in his childhood, and the vivid recounting of the folk tales told by his grandmother, while revealing the real face of those decent people who look like "cats" in reality.

3, long to take in the small details of life, small to see the big, write a person is written out of the charm of the characters, writing is written out of the essence of the event. For example, in "Uncommon", from the fact that Uncommon also has a wife and children, the author not only writes about Uncommon's humane characteristics, but also cleverly satirizes those hypocritical intellectuals in life, into the wood.

4. The author uses irony when criticizing and satirizing the old feudal system and morality. On the surface very calmly recounting the events of the beginning and end, in fact, is the opposite of what is being said, in the narrative implies "words in this and the intention of the other" clever irony. For example, in "Father", the quack doctor's practice of medicine in detail, no positive accusations and irony, but between the lines everywhere contains the author's angry criticism and irony.

5, the author in the prose commonly used contrasting techniques. For example, through the contrast of my state of mind before and after the "Five Ramparts" expresses the antipathy and criticism of the feudal society; "Uncanny" through the "ghost" and the reality of the "people" of the "ghost" contrast, profoundly portrayed the reality of life in some of the "personality" is not as good as the "personality" of "people". personality" is not as good as "ghost personality" in real life; "Dog? Cat? The author's love for the little hermit mouse and his strong hatred for the cat form a sharp contrast.

VI. Highlights

One of the Highlights "The Five Ramparts"

I was apprehensive, and took the book. He made me sit with him at the table in the center of the hall and taught me to read it sentence by sentence. I read one sentence at a time, with a great deal of anxiety.

After I had read about twenty or thirty lines, he said,

"Read it to me and familiarize yourself with it. If you can't memorize it, you won't be allowed to go to the meeting."

When he finished, he stood up and walked into the room.

I seemed to have cold water poured over my head. But what was the law? Naturally, it was to read it, reader, to memorize it forcibly, - and to memorize it.

Guangdong is from Pangu, born in the Taiwu,

first out of the Royal World, initiated the Mixed Muddy.

This is such a book, I now only remember the first four sentences, and I have forgotten everything else; the twenty or thirty lines that I was forced to memorize at that time have naturally been forgotten in it. I remember hearing people say that reading "Jianliu" is much more useful than reading "Thousand Character Classic" and "Hundred Surnames" because you can know the general situation from ancient times to the present. It is certainly very good to know the general picture from ancient times to the present, but I do not know a word about it. "Guangdong from Pangu" means "Guangdong from Pangu", read on, memorize it, "Guangdong from Pangu"! "Born in the wilderness"! ...

Applications have been moved, and the home has become busy and quiet. The sun was shining on the west wall and the weather was clear. My mother, the workers, my eldest mother and my eldest, could not rescue me, but waited silently for me to read and memorize it. In the silence, it seemed to me that there were many iron pincers sticking out of my head, clamping down on something like "born in the wilderness"; I could also hear my own voice trembling as if it were the crickets of the late autumn, chirping in the middle of the night.

They all waited; and the sun saved higher.

Suddenly I seemed to be sure of myself, so I stood up, and the book went into my father's study, and I memorized it in a single breath, and I finished it as if I had dreamed it.

"Good. Go and strike." Father nodded his head and said.

Everyone moved at the same time, smiles on their faces, and headed for the river port. The workers picked me up high in the air, as if to congratulate me on my success, and walked briskly to the front of the line.

I, however, was not as happy as they were. After the boat sailed, the scenery in the waterway, the snacks in the box, and the hustle and bustle of the Wuxing Festival when I reached Dongguan didn't seem to mean much to me.

Appreciation--The article's change of mood from "laughing and jumping" to feeling that everything is "of no great significance" is very detailed and contains a criticism of feudal education. It contains a criticism of feudal education. We can also see from the text that the author does not have a word of condemnation for his father, but only reveals his sadness and confusion at the failure of his elders to understand the true feelings of a child.

Highlights of the second "Fan Ainong"

By early winter, we were in a more straitened situation, but still drinking and telling jokes. Suddenly there was the Wuchang Uprising, followed by the Shaoxing Restoration. The next day Ainon came up to the city, wearing a felt hat commonly used by farmers, with a smile that had never been seen before.

"Old Xun, we're not drinking today. I'm going to see the restored Shaoxing. We'll go with you."

We then went out into the street and walked around, filled with white flags. However, although the appearance of so, the inner bone is still the same, because still a few old squire organized by the military government, what the railroad shareholders are administrative director ....... This military government also in the end not long, a few teenagers yelled, Wang Jinfa with soldiers from Hangzhou came in, but even if not yell or will come. After he came in, he was also surrounded by many loafers and new revolutionaries, big do Wang Dudu. Characters in the Yamen, wearing cloth to come, not ten days also probably changed into leather robes, the weather is not yet cold.

I was placed next to the principal of the Normal School bowl, Wang DuDu gave me school money 200 yuan. Ai Nong as a supervisor, still the same cloth robe, but not much drinking, and rarely have to work to talk about idle days. He did the work, and teaching, really hard-working can be.

Appreciation--There is an important detail in the text, that is, the description of Shaoxing after the restoration of the soup is not changed. This has actually buried the ambush of Fan Ainong's tragedy. Lu Xun did not praise Fan Ainong positively, but only from his look, "that smile is never seen before", from his action, "is really hard-working can be" shows the post-revolutionary Fan Ainong mood happy side. But Fan Ainong heart of the greater the hope, the greater the disappointment, Lu Xun then wrote a lot of ink after the restoration of the reality of Shaoxing, in fact, is to explore the cause of his friend's tragic fate.