Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - How did the Disciple's Rules replace the Analects of Confucius as a national science?
How did the Disciple's Rules replace the Analects of Confucius as a national science?
The Disciple's Rules were born in the Qing Dynasty, and Ms. Huang Xiaodan of Jiangnan University, who does research on Qing Dynasty literature, has come into contact with a large number of poetry and literature collections, biographies and genealogies of the Qing Dynasty, but has never seen any mention of the Disciple's Rules anywhere. She asked friends who studied Republican literature and who had read the memoirs and biographies of a large number of modern scholars, and found that none of them had ever seen The Rules of Discipleship either. After a special greeting with Ms. Huang, she agreed to reprint her lecture from the Children's Traditional Culture Education Forum on my microblog.
Li Yuxiu, the author of Disciple's Rules, was a scholar from Jiangzhou, Shanxi Province, in the Qing Dynasty. Because he did not pass the imperial examination, nor did he have any other academic or political accomplishments, there are few records of him by his contemporaries. In her master's thesis, Liu Ya-ling of Taiwan's National Taiwan Normal University compared opinions and determined that Li Yuxiu was born in the fourth year of the Shunzhi reign (1647) and died in the seventh year of the Yongzheng reign (1729).
In his master's thesis, Zhou Mingjie of Northeast Normal University listed twelve versions of the Book of Discipleship in mainland China, the earliest of which was published in the sixth year of the reign of Xianfeng (1856), while Liu Ya-ling collected four in Taiwan, the earliest of which was published in the fifth year of the Tongzhi reign (1866). This tells us two things: first, the Disciple's Rules came to people's attention more than a hundred years after the author's death; second, the publication of the Disciple's Rules actually came after the Opium War, in modern times.
So what happened between '99 and '04? Why did The Rules of Discipleship become popular all of a sudden? The story begins in Taiwan. In the 1990s, Taiwan ushered in an era of liberalization of education after the lifting of the Strictures, and in 1991, the Confucian classics formally lost their exclusive status from Taiwan's education system.
The United Daily News (UDN) reported on the matter in a news story on Oct. 17, 1991, titled "Compatible with the various schools and schools of thought, and no longer exclusively focusing on the content of the four books, the basic textbook of Chinese culture has decided to be rewritten".
Because the official government reduces the provision of Confucian education, then those who were originally fond of Confucian education will have to form groups in the private sector. At the same time, because in the 1990s Taiwan's education conceptually practiced "social concept unbundling" and "multicultural education," and technically supported "flexible school hours" and "home schooling," the government decided to reduce the number of students in the country. Technically, it supports "flexible school hours" and "home schooling", so it is easier to form a Christian education group, a Buddhist education group, or a bible reading education group. Because the government reduced the provision of Confucian education, the private sector sprang up to fill the vacuum. Just as the Taiwan Ministry of Education stopped using the Four Books as the only basic cultural textbook for middle schools in 1991, there were people in the private sector who taught bible reading at home on their own. Wang Caigui was one of the most influential. During the past twenty years, Wang Caigui's bibliography has actually been narrowed down, and initially his bibliography included both Chinese and Western classics, but then it was revised several times for the purpose of "convenience, popularization, effectiveness, and empirical evidence", and it was really universally implemented, and the one that has been read the most is the "Rules of the Disciple".
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