Please provide information for my handwritten newspaper!

1. Wanjiamo noodles have no Artemisia, and dare to sing and mourn.

2. Ruthlessness is not necessarily a real hero. How can Reiko Kobayakawa not be a husband?

At the end of the mountain range and the beginning of the plain, the river winds through the wilderness. The moon rises like a mirror, and the sea clouds twinkle like palaces.

I won't regret it if my belt widens gradually and makes people haggard for Iraq.

5. endure watching peers become new ghosts and look for poems from the knife.

I can't help it, but I think Yan's return is familiar.

7. Undead, the curtain rolls west wind, and people are thinner than yellow flowers.

8. Clouds and shadows in Shui Xin are idle, and springs under the forest are quiet.

Last night, the river was full of spring water, and the ship ran out of money. Moving the Force is always a waste of time. Today, it can travel freely.

9. I have a broad mind, even a broad space, listening to thunder in a quiet place.

10. Huayang falls, Wendaolong crosses five streams.

1 1. There are flowers everywhere in the spring city, and the east wind is cold and willows are oblique.

12. There are some plums in the corner. Ling cold opens them alone.

13. Who hasn't died since ancient times? This thorough dedication of the neuromicroscope will go down in history forever.

14. High spirits, then decline, three exhausted.

15. Nanpu spring comes to a Bijiang River, and the stone bridge Zhuta is still there.

1. 60th anniversary of the founding of New China.

Notice on Doing a Good Job in Reporting Special Research Projects for the 60th Anniversary of the Founding of New China

Zhejiang Society Regulation Office [2009] No.2

Editor: Administrator Time: March 5, 2009 15: 50: 00

All relevant units:

This year marks the 60th anniversary of the founding of our country. Over the past 60 years, China's economy and society have undergone earth-shaking changes, and great achievements have been made in socialist construction. Zhejiang is no exception. Over the past 60 years, Zhejiang has many practical experiences in socialist construction that are worth reviewing and summarizing. The provincial leading group for the development planning of philosophy and social sciences decided to launch a special study to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the founding of New China by means of direct entrustment and public bidding. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

1. Guiding ideology: hold high the great banner of Socialism with Chinese characteristics, take Marxism–Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents as the guidance, thoroughly implement Scientific Outlook on Development, persist in emancipating the mind, seeking truth from facts, advancing with the times, persist in basing ourselves on Zhejiang, being close to reality and serving the overall situation, and take the vivid practice of socialist construction in Zhejiang as the theme. Focusing on major issues and typical events that have a significant impact on Zhejiang's political, economic, social and cultural construction, we will strive to explore the laws of Socialism with Chinese characteristics's economic, political, cultural and social development, and serve the decision-making of the party and the government and the construction of socialist material civilization, political civilization, spiritual civilization and harmonious society.

2. Specific requirements: The special study of "60th Anniversary of New China" should closely focus on the practice of socialist construction in Zhejiang in the past 60 years since the founding of New China. It is required to analyze and study a specific problem or event, focusing on the impact and significance of this problem or event on Zhejiang's development. The topic should be specific and the discussion should be well-founded, especially those issues and events that are of typical significance to Zhejiang's socialist construction. For example, the historical changes and comparative analysis of the innovation of agricultural cooperatives and agricultural management organizations in Zhejiang, the experience of grassroots social governance in Qiao Feng and Zhejiang, the development of Xin 'anjiang Reservoir, Hangzhou Bay Bridge and Zhejiang public infrastructure, and the rise of a big market province from the changes of commodity circulation organizations and trading methods in the past 60 years. In short, the topic should be representative, which not only fully reflects the economic and social development achievements of Zhejiang in the past 60 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, but also has theoretical significance, from which some laws of socialist construction can be excavated. Special attention should be paid to evaluating the achievements of Zhejiang's socialist construction according to the spirit of the Central Committee.

3 "60th Anniversary of New China" special research topic is a key topic of provincial social science planning, with a funding of 30,000 yuan each. The final result is a paper of about 15000-25000 words. The final research results with good quality will be edited into a collection of essays for public publication and recommended to national newspapers for publication. All projects must be completed before the end of August.

4. The purpose of this special study is very strong, and the result is very clear. Time is tight and the task is heavy. I hope that all units will seriously organize. Please also invite units and individuals with research strength, especially research groups with previous research results and researchers from practical departments who have a full understanding of the development of Zhejiang Province to actively declare. Due to the particularity of this study, all kinds of provincial social science planning and national projects can be declared. Please use the Zhejiang Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project Application Form (hereinafter referred to as the application form), and the application materials include: the project application form (1 copy) and the project design demonstration leaflet (1copy). All declaration forms and loose-leaf papers should be A3 paper, printed on both sides, and bound with seams in the middle. All kinds of materials required for project application.

2. About the ecological environment

I. Introduction to Natural Economy and Society

Fushun City is located in the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning Province and plays an important role in the central urban agglomeration of Liaoning Province. The urban transportation infrastructure is perfect, and the road and railway networks are relatively developed. It is an important production and consumption city of mineral resources in China and an industrial base of energy and raw materials in China. The planned base period GDP is 25.79 billion yuan, ranking fifth in the province. The total industrial output value is 58.97 billion yuan (current price), ranking fourth in the province.

Mining economy is an important part of our economy. Petroleum processing, coal and metal smelting and rolling processing industries are the pillars of the city's economic development. During the planning base period, the output value of the city's extractive industries was 65.438+0.89 billion yuan, accounting for 3.2% of the total industrial output value. The output value of subsequent processing is 25.08 billion yuan, accounting for 42.5% of the total industrial output value.

Fushun's history of development is the history of mining development. The development of mining not only promotes the economic development of the city, but also broadens the industrial structure of the city. Fushun industry thrives on coal and oil. During the 1950s and 1960s, coal production was always in the forefront of the country, and it was known as the "coal capital". At present, although Fushun coal mine has entered the middle and late stage and the coal industry needs to be transformed urgently, the available resources such as coal, oil shale and coalbed methane are still abundant, and Fushun mining area still presents the prospect of sustainable development. Since 1960s, Fushun petrochemical industry has developed rapidly and become an important petrochemical industrial base in China. The output value of petrochemical industry accounts for one third of the city's industrial output value. The development of Fushun coal, oil shale, gold, iron, copper and other minerals has promoted the development of regional economy. At present, it has formed an industrial system with petroleum processing, coal and metal smelting and calendering as the main body and complete categories of machinery, electronics and chemicals.

The Outline of the Tenth Five-Year Plan for Fushun's National Economic and Social Development, adopted at the Fourth Session of the 12th National People's Congress, puts forward: to speed up the upgrading of industrial structure, improve the overall competitiveness of industry, and focus on developing petrochemical, metallurgical, machinery and building materials industries; Accelerate the industrial transformation of mining areas, promote the strategic shift of coal industry, fully develop and utilize resources such as oil shale and coalbed methane, develop continuous industries, and focus on promoting projects such as open-pit development in the east, shale oil refining, shale power station and coalbed methane development, so as to realize the transformation from traditional energy industry to new energy industry. Therefore, judging from the history, present situation and future development of our city, the mining industry will still be an important basic industry for the national economy and social development of our city, and the mining economy is an important pillar and basic guarantee of the national economy, playing an irreplaceable role.

Second, the characteristics and advantages of mineral resources

Fushun is rich in mineral resources and was once the famous "coal capital" of China. Copper, zinc, oil shale, peat, niobium, tantalum and other mineral reserves rank first in the province, while coal, coalbed methane, gold, silver, iron sulfide and other minerals occupy an important position in the province. At present, 52 kinds of minerals have been discovered, accounting for 47.3% of the discovered minerals in the province, with more than 500 producing areas, including 3 large-scale deposits, 6 medium-sized deposits and more than 80 small-scale deposits in the region. There are 24 kinds of developed minerals, including dominant minerals 18 kinds. The total proven mineral reserves in the city are 6.004 billion tons, and the retained reserves are 48 1. 1 ton, accounting for 65.438+07.7% of the province's retained reserves.

Fushun mineral resources are characterized by (1) abundant energy mineral reserves, superior location conditions and outstanding advantages. Oil shale and coalbed methane have large reserves and considerable prospects. (2) Copper and zinc resources are abundant, and the metallogenic geological conditions are superior. The basic geological research and production prospecting experience of Hongtoushan copper mine for more than ten years show that the prospecting prospect in the periphery and deep part of the old mine is broad; (3) There are many associated minerals with great comprehensive utilization potential; (4) Mineral resources are small in scale and widely distributed. However, limestone, oil shale, coal, magnesite and other mineral deposits for cement are relatively concentrated, with large scale and shallow burial, which are suitable for exploitation and development.

The main minerals are oil shale, coalbed methane, coal, copper, zinc, gold, iron, magnesite, limestone for cement, peat, etc.

The oil shale reserves in the planned base period are 3.89 billion tons, ranking first in the province.

The predicted resource of coalbed methane is 6.6 billion cubic meters, accounting for 16.7% of the whole province.

The planned coal reserves in the base period are 750 million tons (including 590 million tons of basic reserves), accounting for 1 1.6% of the province's resource reserves.

The planned base period of copper reserves (metal quantity) is 228,000 tons. The province ranks first. Fushun Hongtoushan Copper Mine has a resource reserve (metal quantity) of 2210.6 million tons.

The planned base period zinc reserves (metal quantity) is 384,000 tons, accounting for 39% of the whole province.

In the gold planning base period, the associated gold reserves (metal amount) 10.32 tons, ranking first in the province; Rock gold reserves (metal quantity) 10.59 tons, accounting for 12% of the whole province.

Iron ore is small and scattered. Except for 9 mining areas such as Xiaolaihe and Aoniu Iron Mine, the reserves of other mining areas are less than 6,543,800 tons. The planned base period resource reserve is 883 1 10,000 tons.

In the base period of peat planning, the reserved resource reserve is 1.645 million tons, ranking first in the province.

The resource reserve of magnesite in the planning base period is 2.42 million tons.

The planned base period resource reserve of limestone for cement is 709 1 10,000 tons. The exploration degree is low, but the prospective reserves are rich.

Three. Investigation, Evaluation and Exploration Status of Mineral Resources

The exploration work in Fushun City began in the early 20th century and has a history of more than one hundred years. Especially since the founding of the People's Republic of China, the geological and mineral exploration in this area has developed on a large scale, and a large number of geological surveys, mineral exploration and scientific research have been completed, and fruitful geological prospecting results have been achieved.

(A) the degree of basic geological research

1. regional geological survey: 1: 200000 regional geological and mineral survey has been completed. The regional geological survey of1:50,000 and 13 maps of more than 4,200 square kilometers, including Yingpan-nanzamu, Beisanjia-Yinggemen, Zhangdianzi, Zhengjiapuzi, Nankouqian, Qi Mu, Dasuhe, Wandianzi, Yongling Town of Xinbin County, Dudu Village and Hongmiaozi, has been completed successively.

2. Regional geophysical and geochemical exploration: The investigation of sediments and heavy sand in the city's1:200,000 water system has been completed; Complete1:50000—1:100000 aeromagnetic survey; Complete1:200000—1:100000 regional gravity survey; The sediment survey of Jiubing-Sankuaishi area, Beiwaizi-Caoshi area, Yingpan-nanzamu and Beisanjia-Yinggemen key metallogenic area 1: 50000 river system was completed.

13. scientific research: the summary of geology and mineral resources in the whole region was completed, and the map of geology and mineral resources in Fushun area 1: 200000 and the map of mineral resources distribution in Fushun city 1: 100000 were compiled. The metallogenic regularity and prospecting direction of Hunnan gold deposit in Fushun area, the types and prospecting prospects of gold deposits in Hunbei greenstone belt, and the 1: 50000 metallogenic prediction in Nankouqian area were studied, and the scientific research work on Archean geology and mineralization in northern Liaoning and southern Jilin was completed.

Through basic geological research, it provides basic data for mineral resources exploration in our city.

(two) the degree of mineral resources exploration

The general survey of Fushun coal exploration and Majiazi coalfields has been carried out successively, and the control depth of Fushun coalfield has reached more than 1000 meters; More than 50 iron ore deposits (sites) in Fushun, Qingyuan, Xinbin/kloc-0 were surveyed and explored, and small and medium-sized iron ores such as Aoniu Iron Mine, Xiaolaihe Iron Mine, Yanghu Iron Mine and Maogong Iron Mine were found. A large number of deposits have been discovered and evaluated, including Hongtoushan copper mine, Xiadabao gold mine in qingyuan county, Wangjiadagou gold mine, Erhuoluo gold mine in Fushun County, Xiayingzi gold mine in Xinbin County, Tongjiajie magnesite mine, Beisiping peat mine, Cao Shi peat mine and Dashiping limestone mine in Fushun County. By the end of 2000, there were more than 500 mineral deposits with proven reserves, and the distribution of major metal, nonmetal and energy minerals in the city was basically found out.

Four. Present situation of mineral resources development and utilization

The development and utilization of mineral resources in our city has a long history, great intensity, large scale and strong mining foundation.

-A high degree of exploitation and utilization of mineral resources. In the planning base period, 52 kinds of minerals have been proved and 24 kinds of minerals have been developed. According to the ratio of accumulated consumed reserves to accumulated proven reserves, the development and utilization degree of main minerals are: coal mine 47%, iron mine 6%, copper mine 59%, zinc mine 52%, gold mine 40% and magnesite 5 1%.

-The utilization level of mineral resources is relatively high. Large and medium-sized mining enterprises have completed the "three rates" indicators well. The recovery rate of Fushun Mining Bureau West Open-pit Mine is 95%, that of Laohutai Mine is 70%, and that of Hongtoushan Copper Mine is 94%. From 65438 to 0998, combined with the actual situation of mines, after special investigation and expert guidance, our city formulated the "three rates" assessment index of mining enterprises. Judging from the completion of the planning base period, the mining recovery rate has improved.

-The mining output is stable, and the output value is rising steadily. There are 302 mining enterprises in the city, including super-large mines 1 mine, 2 secondary mines, 2 secondary mines and 297 mines below small scale, accounting for 98.3% of the total number of mines in the city. There are 35,000 mining workers, a decrease of 34,000 compared with 69,000 in197. The total output value of the mining industry is 65.438+0.89 billion yuan, an increase of 200 million yuan or 65.438+0% compared with 65.438+0.69 billion yuan in 1997. The annual output of main mining minerals is10.48 million tons, which is 270,000 tons more than 199710.0000 tons, including 6.862 million tons of coal, 0.5 million tons of iron ore/kloc-0.08 million tons, 9,000 tons of copper and 0.20 million tons of zinc.

The logistics volume of mineral products trade in our city is relatively stable, and the production and sales of main minerals are balanced. The logistics direction is relatively fixed, and coal is mainly sold to Angang; Iron powder is mainly sold to Xingang and Benxi Steel; The gold powder was transported to Paishanlou Gold Mine in Fuxin and Zhaoyuan Gold Company in Shandong. Copper powder is sold to Tianjin Datong Copper Company and Shandong Dongying Copper Company; Light burned magnesium is sold to Liaoning Foreign Trade Company or Dalian Minmetals Company.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) Present situation of mine ecological environment

(1) The exploitation of the western open pit mine has brought serious ecological and environmental problems to the city. Fushun West Open-pit Mine is a large open-pit coal mine with a long history. In the long-term production process of this mine, geological disasters such as landslide, debris flow, ground subsidence and ground fissures have been formed, which have caused damage to the surrounding enterprise workshops and residential buildings. At present, the ground deformation continues to intensify, and there is a trend of increasing year by year. Fushun west open pit mine will be closed in 2007. After the pit is closed, the harm of the pit to the urban geological environment and ecological environment will be further revealed and deteriorated. When the pit is filled with water, the slope will lose its manual maintenance, the strength of the slope will be weakened after soaking, and the displacement and ground deformation of the rock and soil will be intensified, leaving serious hidden dangers to the surrounding large enterprises, commercial areas and residential areas.

(two) the stripping of coal mining has caused environmental pollution in the surrounding areas. After more than 90 years' exploitation, Fushun West Open-pit Mine has formed three large-scale dump sites, covering an area of 20.2 square kilometers, with cumulative emission of 654.38+0.6 billion cubic meters. These coal gangue piled in the open air have undergone a series of chemical reactions under the long-term weathering, rainfall and dissolution, which have produced a large number of pollutants and discharged them to the outside, causing serious pollution to the air, soil and groundwater in the surrounding areas. At the same time, coal gangue piles occupy a large area, which wastes urban land and limits the development space of urban construction.

(3) The subsidence area of coal mining is expanding year by year, and the land utilization rate is low. The underground mining of Laonian Hutai Mine and Longfeng Mine has formed an oval subsidence basin with an area of 16.89 square kilometers in the urban area of our city. The average ground settlement value exceeds 1 m, and the maximum settlement value exceeds1m. In this range, residential buildings and large and medium-sized enterprises have been greatly damaged, resulting in economic losses of billions of yuan. At present, with the continuous mining of Laohutai Mine, the surface damage will be further aggravated, the scope of subsidence area will be further expanded, and the safety of residential houses and some large and medium-sized enterprises will face greater threats.

(4) Frequent mine earthquakes directly threaten urban safety. Mine earthquakes occurred in our city from 1933, and the frequency of mine earthquakes increased from 300-500 times a year in 1970s to 200 1 time. The maximum magnitude rose from 2.5 to 3.7, reaching 6843 times in 2002. According to experts' prediction, the magnitude of mine earthquake will gradually reach 3.8-4.2, which is more threatening. Its harm is mainly manifested in three aspects: first, mine earthquake has brought great harm to underground safety production; The second is the destruction and threat of mine earthquake to ground facilities; Thirdly, the coal mining subsidence and slope instability are aggravated.

(5) The ecological environment of mines in some areas of counties (districts) is seriously damaged. Debris flow caused by sudden precipitation mainly occurs in hilly and mountainous areas, and Fushun County is a geological disaster-prone area. Landslides and collapses mainly occur in Yun Qi Mountain in Yongling, Xinbin County, Sankuai Stone in Fushun County, both sides of Qingyuan 202 National Road and the southeast highway section of Xinbin, and the suburb of Xinbin Town is prone to occurrence. Fushun county is rich in iron ore and magnesite resources. Over-exploitation for many years has caused serious damage to the mine ecological environment, and some of them can't be recovered. The exploitation of gold mines in Qingyuan County and Xinbin County also destroyed the ecological environment to varying degrees.

According to the sampling survey of 12 mining enterprises in the whole city, the recovery rate of mine ecological environment is 5% at present. The land reclamation rate is 3.9%.

Six, mineral resources exploration, development, utilization and protection, as well as development and utilization management issues.

-mineral exploration is lagging behind, and the prospecting results are not significant. Our city has a high degree of basic geology, but it was built earlier and needs to be updated and supplemented; The investment in geological exploration has dropped sharply, which makes the exploration work stagnate; The exploration structure and layout are unreasonable, and the exploration degree of heavy metals, light nonmetallic minerals and the same kind of minerals varies greatly between counties and districts.

-The capital market for mineral exploration has not yet been established, it is difficult for social funds to enter the exploration field, foreign investment has made little progress, and the exploration mechanism for commercial investment has not yet been formed.

-The situation of bulk mineral resources is grim and the task of changing production is arduous. Affected by the policy of "protecting the city and limiting mining", the recoverable reserves of coal in our city are seriously insufficient. The reserves of Laohutai Mine and West Open-pit Mine of Fushun Mining Group are 885717190,000 tons respectively, and the recoverable reserves are 61991536,000 tons respectively. After entering the middle and late stage of mining industry, it is urgent to develop continuous industries and adjust industrial structure.

The gold resources in this city are decreasing day by day. The reserves (metal quantity) of Wangjiadagou Gold Mine and Xiadabao Gold Mine are only 3.8 1 ton and 0.94 ton, respectively, and the reserves are seriously insufficient, which affects the stability of gold production in our city.

-The scale structure of the mine is unreasonable and the concentration of production is low. There are only five mines above medium scale in the city, and the rest are small and scattered.

-irrational mineral product structure and low technical content. Mine equipment is crude, technology is outdated, technology is backward, and technical talents are scarce. Most of the products are raw ore, with low technical content, lack of deep processing, high technology and high value-added products, low economic benefit and low resource utilization rate.

-Mining management needs to be strengthened, and the mining right market needs to be cultivated urgently. The management of mineral resources is extensive, the supervision and management are not in place, the construction is not carried out according to the design, and the problems of exploration instead of mining, exploration while mining, unlicensed mining, indiscriminate mining and waste of resources still exist. The mining right market is in its infancy, its development is not perfect, and a complete market system has not yet been formed.

-The ecological environment of mines is seriously damaged, and the task of restoration and management is arduous. The ecological environment in Fushun mining area has been seriously damaged. After investigation, the total land area of "one area, one pit and three fields" (coal mining subsidence area, west open pit mine, west dump, east dump and Wang Liang dump) is 47.96 square kilometers. These abandoned lands and the frequent geological disasters and deterioration of ecological environment caused by them make our city face heavy pressure of restoration and management.

Advantages and disadvantages of intransitive verb mineral resources exploration and development

Favorable conditions

-The implementation of global resource strategy, resource development strategy and sustainable development strategy by the state brings opportunities for the development of mining industry in our city. With the adjustment of national resource strategy, the country has strengthened the exploration of strategic minerals such as copper and zinc, which will create very favorable conditions for the investigation and evaluation of superior mineral resources in our city and the deep and peripheral prospecting of Hongtoushan copper mine. After China's accession to the WTO, resources have been optimally allocated worldwide, and oil, aluminum and steel processing enterprises in our city can import the required raw materials in the international market. At the same time, it is conducive to large and medium-sized mining enterprises in our city to establish mining and processing bases abroad, expand the scale of mining enterprises and enhance their competitiveness in the international market.

-The state's policy of implementing the strategy of energy structure adjustment, supporting the adjustment and transformation of the old industrial bases in Northeast China, and supporting the development of sustainable industries in cities and regions mainly engaged in resource exploitation has brought opportunities for the transformation of coal industry and the leap-forward development of petrochemical industry in our city.

With the support of national policies and funds, with the recovery of east open pit mining as the leading factor, we will develop oil shale and coalbed methane resources, make full use of oil shale and coal gangue for refining, power generation and brick burning, do a good job in coal deep processing and clean coal projects, and comprehensively utilize resources.

In the tenth five-year plan of our city, petrochemical industry and fine chemical industry are the leading industries in Fushun during the tenth five-year plan and beyond. The two major industries will complete large-scale technological transformation, and the production scale, technical level and economic benefits will be doubled and upgraded, ranking among the top in the country. The national policy of supporting the adjustment and transformation of old industrial bases and the development of sustainable industries in resource-based cities has brought opportunities for our city to build a "northern petrochemical city" from the aspects of policies, funds and utilization of "two resources and two markets".

(2) unfavorable factors

-Most areas in the region have a high degree of work, especially some large and medium-sized mines and their surrounding areas. Detailed geological survey and exploration work have been carried out, and many open-pit mines have been pre-investigated. Prospecting has entered the stage of "digging deep to find blindness", which is quite difficult.

-State investment has decreased, high-precision large-scale geophysical and geochemical exploration in key metallogenic areas has been carried out less, prospecting equipment is backward, and deep prospecting has not achieved much.

-due to the global optimal allocation of mineral resources, the import of cheap and high-quality mineral products has increased, which has brought great impact on the production and operation of mining enterprises with high mining and processing costs, small scale and backward technology in our city.

Seven, mineral resources demand forecast and availability analysis

(A) the demand forecast of mineral resources

According to the requirements of building a well-off society in an all-round way in the tenth five-year plan of our city, the consumption of mineral resources is bound to increase. The industrial structure of our city also determines the high consumption of mineral resources. It is predicted that in 2005, the demand of our city will be 9 million tons of coal, 6.5438+05 million tons of oil, 4 million tons of iron ore, 6.5438+00 million tons of copper, 6.5438+02 million tons of zinc, 6.5438+00 million tons of aluminum, 30,000 tons of gold mine, 6.5438+000 tons of limestone for cement and 80,000 tons of magnesite. The demand for other metallic and non-metallic minerals also continues to grow.

(b) Analysis of the availability of mineral resources

From the analysis of the present situation of mineral resources in our city, the recoverable reserves of bulk mineral resources are insufficient, the supply and demand situation of mineral resources is not optimistic, and the availability of precious metals and non-ferrous metals tends to be severe.

According to the development and utilization of main resources in our city and the availability analysis of mineral resources with potential advantages;

Mineral oil and bauxite, which are difficult to meet the needs of economic development, are minerals that are not available in our city and need to be purchased; If new resources are not added, the existing reserves of gold, lead, zinc and refractory clay will be basically exhausted by 20 10.

Part of the mineral iron that meets the demand of economic development has limited development due to small scale and other factors, and can only partially meet the demand.

Copper, magnesite, oil shale and coal that meet the needs of economic development can meet the demand in the planning base period. Affected by the policy of "protecting the city and limiting mining", the recoverable reserves can only be maintained for about 20 10 years.

The minerals with potential advantages are limited by technology, traffic conditions or market factors, and have not been developed and utilized on a large scale, including oil shale, coalbed methane, limestone and peat.

By 2005, the predicted output of coal in our city is 7 million tons, and the self-sufficiency rate is 77.8%; 2 million tons of iron ore, with a self-sufficiency rate of 50%; Copper 65438+100000 tons, self-sufficiency rate100%; Zinc 1.2 million tons, self-sufficiency rate1.000%; 30,000 tons of gold mines, self-sufficiency rate100%; The limestone used for cement is 6.5438+0.000 tons, magnesite is 80,000 tons, oil shale is 654.38+0.65438+0.0000 tons, and coalbed methane is 300 million cubic meters, which basically meets the requirements.

Chapter III Planning Guiding Ideology, Basic Principles and Planning Objectives

I. Guiding ideology of planning

The preparation of this plan is guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory and Theory of Three Represents, and the basic national policy of the central government on population, resources and environment and the principle of "developing in protection and protecting in development" are conscientiously implemented; Adhere to the overall planning of "building a strong economic city and striving for a famous cultural city" and "Fushun as a green capital" and "Northern Petrochemical City" implemented by our city, give full play to regional advantages, and make scientific planning according to local conditions on the premise of obeying provincial mineral resources planning, so as to contribute to the accelerated transformation and sustainable economic development of resource-based cities.

Second, the planning principles

Closely combined with the reality of Fushun's national economic development, and in accordance with the guiding ideology of "building a strong economic city, building a famous cultural city and building a" green capital of Fushun ",we will make overall plans for mineral resources, give full play to our advantages and ensure sustainable economic and social development.

-adhere to the basic requirements of "developing in protection and protecting in development", pay equal attention to development and protection, give priority to saving, strengthen resource protection and save resources; Comprehensive exploration, comprehensive evaluation, comprehensive utilization and rational exploitation.

-The development and utilization of mineral resources should coordinate economic benefits, resource benefits, environmental benefits and social benefits to achieve unity. We must pay attention to the unity of resource benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits while paying attention to economic benefits, and adhere to the unity of the premise of protection, the means of development and the purpose of development, so that protection and development can promote each other; Comprehensive use of legal, administrative and economic means to improve the mine ecological environment, ensure the effective use of resources and significantly improve social benefits.

-Give full play to the fundamental role of the market in optimizing the allocation of resources. Under the guidance of laws, regulations, planning and policy regulation, give full play to the basic role of the market in optimizing resource allocation, regulate the total utilization of resources, optimize the structure and layout of resource utilization, and realize the sustainable development of mining industry.

-relying on scientific and technological progress and innovation, relying on scientific and technological progress and scientific management to produce deep-processed, high-tech and high value-added mineral products, and improve the comprehensive recovery rate of mining and dressing and the comprehensive utilization rate of associated minerals. & amp，amp，amp，nbsp。

1. The unreasonable use of nature by human beings and the environmental pollution caused by the development of industry and agriculture are all destructive factors to the ecological balance by human beings.

1, change species (intentionally or unintentionally causing species to disappear or introduce species)

For example, in 1859, a farmer brought 25 rabbits from England to Australia, which caused serious damage to the Australian ecosystem because there were no natural enemies.

For another example, 1906, Kaba forest in Arizona, USA, killed carnivores to protect deer, which led to a large number of deer breeding, and finally there was no food and it was on the verge of extinction.

2, the change of environmental factors (a large number of pollutants into the environment)

3. The destruction of the information exchange system (destroying pheromones released by organisms to drive away natural enemies, repel different species, attract the opposite sex, etc.). ).

Second, there are natural factors and human factors that destroy the ecological balance. Natural factors such as floods, droughts, earthquakes, typhoons, landslides and tsunamis. The destruction of ecological balance caused by natural factors is called the first environmental problem. The destruction of ecological balance caused by human factors is called the second environmental problem. Human factors are the main cause of ecological imbalance. Human factors mainly include the following three aspects: (1) changing environmental factors. For example, human production and life activities produce a lot of waste gas, waste water, garbage and so on. , continuously discharged into the environment; Unreasonable or predatory use of natural resources by human beings, such as blind land reclamation, deforestation, excessive reclamation of water surface, overloading of grassland, etc., will worsen environmental quality, have short-term or long-term effects, and make the ecological balance unbalanced. (2) changing biological species. In the ecosystem, blindly adding a species may destroy the ecological balance. For example, the Welland Canal, which was dug by the United States in 1929, connected the internal drainage with the ocean, causing octopus to enter the internal drainage, reducing the annual output of trout from 20 million kilograms to 5,000 kilograms, seriously damaging the inland aquatic resources. Reducing one species in the ecosystem may also destroy the ecological balance. In 1950s, China killed a large number of sparrows, which caused serious pests in some areas. The reason is that sparrows, the natural enemies of pests, have been killed, and pests have lost their natural inhibitors. (3) Damage to the biological information system. Only through mutual information contact can organisms maintain their own clusters and reproduce normally. Man-made release of a substance into the environment interferes with or destroys the information connection between organisms, which may lead to imbalance or destruction of ecological balance. For example, many insects in nature induce male adults of the same species to mate by secreting and releasing sex pheromones. If the pollutants discharged into the atmosphere can react with them, the sex pheromones of female insects will lose their physiological activity of attracting male insects, which will inevitably affect the mating and reproduction of insects and eventually lead to the decline or even disappearance of the population.

Third, paying attention to protecting the environment while pursuing its own development can be said to be a great progress of mankind.

In ancient times, the relationship between man and nature was unequal. Human beings are weak, limited by nature everywhere, but unable to change nature. Therefore, it has become a rare quality for human beings to regard nature as an enemy and the world as an enemy. The spirit of fools has been praised for thousands of years.

With the advent of the industrial age and the continuous improvement of human science and technology, the relationship between man and nature has been reversed, and man has become a strong man, while "gentle nature" has become an easily injured object. High-purity chemicals, such as pesticides, paints and detergents, pose a great threat to the natural environment; Large-scale energy consumption has changed the composition of the atmosphere, thus changing the climate of the earth; With the improvement of sanitary conditions and the sharp increase of population, human activities have destroyed a large number of forests and wetland resources on the earth. As a result, "gentle nature" has become "ferocious nature", and everything imposed on it by human beings will eventually be returned to human beings. In areas where water and soil are polluted by high-purity chemicals, the incidence of deformed children and terminal diseases is much higher than that of normal people; Once the oil resources are exhausted, the quality of human life and the normal operation of society will inevitably encounter problems; Abnormal climate will inevitably bring floods or droughts, and famine will also be accompanied by various natural disasters. "Cruel nature" will make human beings weak again, and the relationship between human beings and nature will return to the starting point.

In order to change this situation, human beings must protect "gentle nature" and prevent it from deteriorating. Protecting the environment is to protect human beings themselves, which is valuable knowledge after industrialization and extreme expansion of self-confidence.

Countries all over the world are also aware of this problem. 10 years ago, 178 leaders gathered in the Brazilian city of Rio de Janeiro to discuss environmental protection. The leaders plan to protect the earth's environment, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote the welfare and development of mankind. 1997, 160 countries signed the Kyoto protocol aimed at reducing carbon dioxide emissions in Kyoto, Japan. However, the United States, the largest emitter of carbon dioxide, refused to implement it because emission reduction hindered economic development. Last year, at the Earth Summit held in Johannesburg, South Africa, world leaders and scientists continued to discuss plans to improve the environment.

10 years have passed, although mankind has made some progress in protecting the environment, the differences are still serious. What is the state of the earth now? What attitude should we take to meet the future?