The problem of taijiquan and mechanics?

Taijiquan is a discipline and technique that integrates culture, martial arts and health care, which is different from general sports, dance and athletic specialties. Every move, every action, y connotes our Chinese nation's thousands of years of profound traditional thought and culture, traditional martial arts and military tactics, traditional Taoist health techniques. Taijiquan not only conforms to the way of using military force, but also has mechanical basis. Zheng Manqing, a famous master of Yang Style Taijiquan, said: "Taijiquan's power and mechanics are closely connected and natural. Never taijiquan principle, not easy to understand, so that all people have doubts, today to mechanical interpretation, although taijiquan guide original in philosophy, and can be proved in science also." Here is what I have organized:. For your reading!

The fist position of the bow step, half-horse step, virtual step, Chuan word step, servant step in the fixed and line step can not be stepped into the two heels *** bottom edge *** distance between to become a straight line of the step, step type of front and back of the two heels away from each other, the width of the distance of about 20 to 35 centimeters *** depending on the height of the body ****, so that the practice of the law will increase the bottom of the disk bottom area, to improve the stability of the body standing step, and to improve the stability of the body. Improve the solidity of the body standing step. Physical mechanics tells us: an object to be in a stable state of balance, should meet the following three conditions: First, the center of gravity of the object must fall within the support surface. Second, the center of gravity from the support surface of the lower the more stable, but the human body is not an object, boxing under the plate of the step stand too low will make the knees and other parts of the stiffness, such as the transition between the virtual and the real, rigid and flexible movement changes can not keep up. Third, the larger the area of the support surface is more stable, but the human body is not an object, the size of the step type of the step to be just right, the step is too large, in and out of the swing can not be randomized, easy to be passive and lose momentum; step is too small, is not conducive to the momentum of the body sinking and stabilizing the center of gravity. Therefore, it is important to study the mechanics, but also to practice the fist in the search for the important connotation of the fist.

The center of balance is the center of taijiquan technique. Physics tells us; equal weight on both ends is called balance. In philosophy, it refers to the temporary relative unity of contradictions. Balance and movement are inseparable, in the absolute eternal process of material movement, there is a relative temporary stillness and balance. In Taijiquan, for the issuance of the overall force and for both offense and defense, the first thing to do is to be neutral and comfortable. Balance is more important to stabilize the center of gravity, because only a solid center. In order to knock down the other party, and self will not lose weight, lose hands, invincible. Mastering the balance and keeping the center of gravity stable has become the key construction to determine the success or failure of the technique. As Wang Zongyue said in his "Discourse on Taijiquan", it is only with 'standing flat and accurate' that one can 'live like a wheel'. Only then is there a guarantee of victory. The imbalance of movement is absolute, and balance is relative. The equilibrium in boxing is temporary, or even instantaneous. In the ever-changing moves, how to ensure that the center of gravity is balanced and stable? The mechanical method is to keep the balance with the encounter. That is, "in the equilibrium of the strong state of the object by a small perturbation, can be in any position to continue to maintain balance," whether it is a technique, leg, footwork conversion, whether it is to fight, must maintain the balance with the encounter. For example: the predecessors have "front but not the toes, back but not the heel", "shoulders not inside the circle, knees not in the circle, feet not outside the circle". It is one of the ways to balance the center of gravity with the encounter.

A high degree of power and skill combined with the "four two to a thousand pounds", not to win by the clumsy force of some of the action reflects the law of leverage. Lever point of force called force point, fixed point called fulcrum, to overcome the point of resistance called focus, fulcrum to the vertical distance of the line of force called force arm, fulcrum to the vertical distance of the line of resistance called heavy arm, when the arm of force is greater than the arm of the heavy arm can save energy. For example, why do landscapers use scissors to trim branches with so little effort? Weighing scales weighing weight although small why can pressure a thousand pounds? This is when the lever force and the resistance overcome in the same plane, the force and the product of the force arm is equal to the product of the resistance and the heavy arm; when the force arm is longer than the heavy arm, the force is less than the resistance, it is inevitable that the simple principle of saving energy. Taijiquan's force generation requires that "its root is in the foot, hair in the leg, master in the waist, and shape in the finger. From the feet to the legs to the waist, there is always a need for a complete air. So that the body of the wrist, elbow, shoulder, hip, knee, ankle and other major joints firmly together, is equivalent to increase the length of the force arm, the whole body is composed of the force arm, the foot is the point of force, the elbow, waist and tailbone, the knee can be a fulcrum. As noted in the boxing and the other side of the posture of the different, flexible changes in the focus of the fulcrum and force arm. "Hands and feet are all there at the same time, which is true", there are several contact points to send out energy at the same time. In addition, the role of Taijiquan power features, is to attack the other side of the center of the set off and frustration, to take the law of the main holding the other side of the center of the strength of the road, to the end of the section of the end section, the same is to play the role of leverage. Moreover, such as wild horse split mane, inverted chuqi monkey, diagonal flying potential, high probe horse and other boxing are hands and feet up and down or left and right or front and back cross and multi-point attack, also reflects the mechanical characteristics of the lever. I remember in 1997 in the master Lin Mo Gen's home to learn boxing, one day, his old man naturally standing words teach loose hand techniques, a brother with both palms in a very fast speed push to the chest of the master Lin, say when it is too late, then fast, the master Lin bowed the right knee forward lifting the toes off the ground, at the same time the right arm quiver rolled the hands of the master brother so that it is unstable to pull the heel, and then the opportunity to get the momentum of the progress of the right foot inserted in the left palm to the chest of the master brother to fight, the master brother rose up in the air backward, and the left palm of the master brother to fight. The brother rose up in the air and fell backward on the sofa, which was issued without any danger. In fact, Mr. Lin used the "Root Strength Pile Technique" to neutralize his brother's incoming force, and then used the "Jade Maiden Shuttle" to release his brother. The "Root Power Pile Work" embodies the mechanical characteristics of leverage, and it is performed in this way: the hip bone, femur, tibia, and heel of the solid leg of the standing step are connected and loosely sunk on the ground, and the strength of the solid leg loosely sunk drives the heel of the virtual leg and the palm of the foot to lift up the foot off the ground. The coccyx, with the help of the ground counter-seat elasticity sunk to the soles of the real feet, makes the sacrum and coccyx forward, and through the leverage of the femur pries the knee of the virtual leg out of the knee bow. At the same time, with the help of the ground recoil force that sinks to the soles of the solid feet, the arms are pushed to roll upward with arrow-quiver strength. The use of "Root Power Pile Work" also reflects the characteristics of "Four Two Thousand Pounds". Loosening the waist and sinking the lifting force, arrow-quivering from the feet is the power needed for "Four Two Thousand Pounds", and pulling out the heel to make the other party unsteady and unweighted is the power needed for "Four Two Thousand Pounds". The technique of "four taels and a thousand pounds" is needed to make the opponent lose weight and become unsteady. The "Jade Lady Shuttle" also embodies the mechanics of leverage, and is limited to space, so I won't go into detail here.

Delayed acceleration multiplies the power of taijiquan. The strength and techniques of taijiquan are in accordance with Newton's second law, which states that "the change in momentum is equal to the product of force and time". In order to prolong the time of force, the opponent's body is accelerated. Taijiquan's many rigid and kneading, dip even sticky with, as long as the contact with each other, a hand on the sticky, the use of friction against its center of gravity, not immediately retracted, but continue to continue to add force until the other party falls, this prolongs the force's time of action and makes the other party's body undergo accelerated movement as a result, being struck by the strength of the heavy injury. Wu-style Taijiquan master Xu Zhiyi said, for example: "We use a sledgehammer to hit a few feet square stone, such as two hands to raise the hard handle of the sledgehammer to hit the stone with great force, for fear that the two hands of the tiger's mouth was shocked by the pain, and often hammered to the surface of the stone to immediately loosen the strength of the force due to the role of the time is shorter, and as a result, the results can only be shattered stone indicates that can not make the stone cracked; if you change to use a soft handle of the sledgehammer*** With rattan or bamboo soft handle can avoid the tiger's mouth shock pain ***, both hands make the same amount or smaller force to hit the stone, as long as you listen to the sledgehammer heavy fall, so that the stone is shocked *** that is, lengthening the force of the time of action, the stone will be split into two." He also pointed out that "Taijiquan has the so-called 'internal strength' is similar to this type of striking method, in fact, is not a problem of the nature of the force, but the force of the problem of the time of action."

Taijiquan techniques pay attention to the internal and external force, fist movements in line with the principle of force. This problem is divided into two aspects: on the one hand, it is the body's own force, such as the external triad of the hands and feet, elbows and knees, shoulders and hips, and the internal triad of the heart and mind, gas and force, tendons and bones, and so on, limited to the space, I will not expand on it here. On the other hand, it is the synergy between oneself and the other party. Mr. Xu Zhiyi pointed out in his book "Research on Taijiquan of Xu Zhiyi" that in this aspect of synergy, "In the striking method of Taijiquan, whenever the other party strikes at me first, it is most forbidden to resist the force from the opposite direction, and it is always more or less along with the other party's direction of striking and adding force to the force of the other party in order to produce a greater synergy and make the other party lose balance and fall into a disadvantageous position. The body loses balance and is trapped in an unfavorable position. This kind of striking method is based on 'soft' and 'smooth', and the method of hard hitting and hard advancing is definitely different, so there is a big difference in the effect....... practicing taijiquan, always wait for the movement with static and do not take the first strike. Do not take the first shot, even if the first shot in the first, but also just lead people out, so that in contact with the sense to detect each other's reality, and then take advantage of the opportunity to do so; such as the opportunity to take advantage of, will immediately change the approach, rather than change again and again, only to change not to fight, and never take the risk of striking to try to get away with it. Of course, the deeper the kung fu, can also hit each other's weaknesses and make each other fall out, but in principle, always use the combined force, pulling each other's center of gravity for the top. The above mentioned 'adding force on each other's force', sometimes is to transform the force, the purpose is to draw each other's center of gravity; sometimes is to send the force, must be used when the other party's center of gravity is unstable; in any case, can't be separated from the direction of the coming force in time to add force, to improve the effect of the blow from the combined force, this is the borrowing of people's power for my use, that is, Taijiquan can This is the method of borrowing people's force for my use, which is the key to Taijiquan's ability to win over big forces with small forces." No wonder the boxer with combat experience said, "Who can combine forces, who can win."

As the saying goes, "People are less likely to be struck by horizontal forces", and if they are struck by horizontal forces, the center of gravity of the body will easily leave the support surface and fall. Taijiquan law has a "give up its positive center to set the horizontal center" method of fighting. I give up the front side and strike the horizontal side, because the bottom area of the opponent's horizontal side is too small and the force point can not be concentrated in one, once the opponent leaves the support point, the body naturally tilts, and I strike from the horizontal side, and the opponent will fall out. Taijiquan classic "eighteen in the trick" inside the "fixed in the gap, in the cross" this sentence, the meaning is: standing in the body of the stable boxing posture also have to take advantage of the cracks, boxing is the direction of the side is the other side of the defense weaknesses of the "cross"; to the other side of the "cross" attack. Attacking at the opponent's "horizontal" is a winning style. The bottom area of the "horizontal" is too small, it is easier to cause their own weightlessness.