What is environmental art design? What does it contain?

Environmental art is a green art and science, and it is an art and science that creates harmony and lasting. Urban planning, urban design, architectural design, interior design, urban sculpture, murals and architectural sketches all belong to the category of environmental art, which is closely related to people's life, production, work and leisure. With the improvement of people's living standards, people have higher and higher requirements for the quality of various environmental arts. It is on this background and basis that the concept and practice of environmental art have sprung up and developed in China. The rise and development of contemporary environmental art in China is an extremely important scientific, cultural and artistic achievement in China in recent years. It is of great significance to review the rise and development of environmental art in China and make an objective evaluation of it. Definition and evolution of environmental art Environmental art, also known as Environmentaldesign, is a developing discipline and has not yet formed a complete theoretical system. There is no unified understanding and statement on the theoretical scope and work scope of its subject-object research and design, including the definition. Here, let me first quote Richard Poop's definition of environmental art. D'Aubert, editor-in-chief of the eight-volume Environmental Art Series, is a famous environmental art theorist. D'Aubert said: "As an art, environmental art is bigger than architectural art, more extensive than planning and more emotional than engineering. This is a practical art, and tradition has long noticed it. The practice of environmental art is closely related to people's ability to influence the functions of their surrounding environment, give the environment a visual order, and improve the quality of human living environment and the level of decoration. " Dober's definition of environmental art is the authoritative, comprehensive and accurate one I have seen so far. Although he claimed that this was only from the perspective of art, and he defined environmental art as art, it has gone far beyond the outdated concept of art in the past. This definition points out that environmental art has a wide range and a long history, which not only has the characteristics of general visual art, but also has the characteristics of science, technology and engineering. On the basis of Dober's definition, my definition of environmental art is summarized as follows: environmental art is the art of interaction between people and the surrounding human living environment. "Environmental art is a kind of place art, relationship art, dialogue art and ecological art." The so-called place art not only refers to visible parts such as physical entities and space shells, but also includes intangible parts that really affect people, such as atmosphere, activity range, sound, light, electricity, heat, wind, rain and clouds. They are many factors that affect people's vision, hearing, tentacles and psychology, physiology and physics. The key to the formation of "sense of place" is the management of location and the effective use of natural and humanistic materials and means (such as light, shadow, sound, terrain, historical allusions, etc.). ), all these have formed the unique personality characteristics of this environment. The so-called relationship art means that when designing environmental art, we must properly handle all aspects of relationships: the relationship between people and the environment, the relationship between environmental factors, the relationship between internal components of factors and so on. Relationships can be divided into different levels and different categories: for example, people-architecture-environment; Man-society-nature; People-sculpture-background ... The core of the relationship is people. Therefore, scale (or sense of scale) is used as a criterion to measure whether the relationship is handled well or not. The "scale" here is mainly from the perspective of vision. It is different from "size", which is measured objectively, while "scale" (or "sense of scale") is measured subjectively, that is, people's feelings, not specific dimensions. The art of dialogue is embodied in two aspects: first, the environment contains endless "relationships", which must be organically combined to "talk" to each other; On the other hand, people generally hope for "dialogue", which is a democratic feature of the contemporary environment with the people as the main body. People are no longer satisfied with just the richness of material and the enjoyment of superficial information changes, nor can they stand the inhuman oppressive environment. People pursue deep psychological satisfaction, emotional communication and edification, and pursue beauty and aesthetic enjoyment. Since it is a "dialogue", the question of how people talk to the environment arises. The change of environmental art concept. Cities and buildings are the main carriers of environmental art. In this sense, we can see the change of environmental art concept from the change of architectural art concept. From the day when architecture was born, it appeared as human environment, which is environmental art, but people really realized that the essence of architecture as environmental art was later until the early 1980s. Therefore, the changes of environmental art concept and architectural concept are synchronous. So, what stages did the evolution of architectural values go through? It has gone through five stages: (1) practical building stage, pursuing applicable, solid and beautiful buildings; (2) In the stage of artistic architecture, architecture is regarded as "solidified music"; (3) In the stage of machine building, the building is regarded as a "human machine"; (4) In the stage of space architecture, I realized that "space is the protagonist of architecture"; (5) In the stage of environmental architecture, architecture is considered as the science and art of the environment. In this century, architectural values have entered the sixth stage-ecological architecture stage. After adapting to the environment, using the environment and transforming the environment into pollution and destruction, with the improvement of human civilization, people gradually realize that they should protect the environment and restore the natural ecological environment and some historical and humanistic environments. It is under this background that people's concept of contemporary environmental art is formed and developed. People of insight in the fields of art, environment and architecture have taken action to explore environmental art problems. At the end of 1950s, the research on environmental art in the field of architecture began with the research on the relationship between environmental behavior and environmental design effect, and also began with the research on social ecology and people's psychological and behavioral requirements for the environment, including artistic aesthetic requirements. The rise and development of environmental art in China and China.