The history of Bengbu cigarette factory

Bengbu cigarette factory is the largest cigarette factory in Anhui. Formerly known as Donghai Tobacco Factory. 1958 was formed by the merger of a local state-owned tobacco factory and a public-private tobacco factory. The history of Bengbu cigarette factory is a history that shines with glorious revolutionary tradition, and it is also a history of the development of tobacco industry in Bengbu area from scratch. Fengyang Tobacco-growing Area and Mentaizi Flue-cured Tobacco Factory According to historical records, tobacco originated in America and was introduced to China from Nanyang during the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty in the16th century. As early as the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, Fengyang began to grow tobacco, and by the end of the Qing Dynasty, tobacco fields had spread all over the county.

The "silk smoke" of left-behind teachers in Fengyang West and Liufu Xiaota Temple is evenly distributed and elastic, which is quite famous in Huanghuai area. Every autumn, the famous Fengyang tobacco always attracts many businessmen from Shandong, Henan and northern Anhui to buy it. Since the Opium War, China has gradually become a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society. In the early years of the Republic of China, Fengyang was favored by British American Tobacco Company for its long history of tobacco production and convenient land and water transportation.

19 17, British American Tobacco Company sent personnel to Fengyang with flue-cured tobacco varieties (Foguang varieties). After on-the-spot investigation, it chose Guanyuan Village in Liu Fu for trial planting. In order to get tobacco farmers to switch to flue-cured tobacco, foreign bosses distributed tobacco seeds, taught cultivation methods, provided equipment, introduced baking technology, built kang houses and bought tobacco leaves at high prices. Rich economic income has created a great temptation for poor tobacco farmers. In just two or three years, flue-cured tobacco has gradually replaced the traditional position of sun-cured tobacco in Liu Fu, Wudian and Wuying areas of Fengyang. Tobacco production is seasonal. Every autumn, a large number of primary flue-cured tobacco leaves that still contain a lot of water and are easy to mildew must be redried before they can be stored for a long time to meet the needs of balanced production in cigarette industry. Therefore, British American Tobacco Company bought19 100 mu of land in Mentotaizi in19, and invested in the construction of a factory specializing in tobacco purchasing and redrying, which was called Mentotaizi Flue-cured Tobacco Factory in history. After more than two years of preparation, the flue-cured tobacco factory was officially put into operation on 192 1.

At the beginning of the factory, there were only two warehouses and a large flue-cured tobacco room, which contained five boilers with a capacity of 1.2 tons, and a 7.5 horsepower steam power driven redrying machine, which could redry 200 loads of flue-cured tobacco leaves every day. At that time, it was one of the best in China, and it was also a large factory with high degree of mechanization in the same industry abroad. This foreign-funded factory employs 20 people all the year round and 400 people temporarily in the peak season, with an average annual start of less than 4 months. The factory affairs were entrusted to Tianjin Renwang. King, the landlord of Wudian, is proficient in Fengyang area and has a wealth of money. He is also the agent of British American Tobacco Company. With the extensive promotion of cultivation techniques, the planting area of flue-cured tobacco has been expanding. By the 1930 s, tobacco fields had crossed the county boundaries, crossed the Huaihe River and extended to Dingyuan, Wuhe, Huaiyuan and Lingbi.

Due to the careful cultivation of tobacco farmers and good climate and soil conditions, the quality of tobacco leaves is getting better and better, and gradually formed unique characteristics. Fengyang flue-cured tobacco has thin leaves and fine texture. The pickled leaves are golden in color and mellow in taste. Although it smells a little, it is easy to burn and has little irritation, which belongs to the strong aroma of flue-cured tobacco. Experts call it "licorice in Chinese medicine"-sweet in taste, moistening throat and refreshing. It is a good raw material for making middle-grade cigarettes and an indispensable ingredient for high-grade cigarettes. Fengyang flue-cured tobacco with high yield and high quality plays an important role in tobacco production in China. By the eve of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Fengyang in Anhui, Weifang in Shandong and Xiangcheng in Henan had developed into three major flue-cured tobacco producing areas in China.

Every early autumn, new smoke comes out of the kang. British American Tobacco took the opportunity to suppress prices and extort money from tobacco farmers. Thousands of loads of cheap tobacco leaves are redried on the dining table at the door, put into big wooden barrels (per barrel 1000 kg) and transported to Shanghai by a steady stream of cars. A few of them traveled across the ocean to Europe and America, and a large number of them were rolled into various cigarettes in Shanghai and sold all over the country. The rise and fall of Dalai Tobacco Factory and the booming tobacco industry have prepared rich raw materials for the rise of cigarette industry in Bengbu area. In the 1920s, the Jin-Pu Railway was opened to traffic 10 for many years. As a new town, Bengbu has begun to take shape, and transportation, commerce, service industry and grain processing industry have been established one after another. With the development of all walks of life, social activities are becoming more and more frequent. Compared with dry cigarettes and hookahs, cigarettes (then called foreign cigarettes or cigarettes) are more beautiful, generous and convenient to carry, and are increasingly used in communication occasions, providing a commodity market for cigarette production.

1925, Fan Yutian, a translator of British American Tobacco Company, bought a piece of land and more than 50 houses (now 32 middle schools) in Taiping Street and absorbed a small amount of shares to raise funds. He bought back two "Citi" brand cigarette machines and some equipment from Shanghai, invited several technicians from Shanghai and founded a cigarette factory, which is the earliest cigarette factory in Bengbu history-Dalai Cigarette Factory. Dalai Tobacco Factory started construction in the spring of 1926, and more than 50 bungalows were converted into workshops and warehouses. In the process of tearing, shredding, rolling and wrapping, only cigarettes are operated by machine, and others are operated by hand.

There are 130 people in the factory, most of whom are unemployed local citizens. Several Shanghai technicians are responsible for batching, operating and maintaining the machine. The raw materials, tobacco leaves from Fengyang, roll paper and essence are all purchased in Shanghai, and the trademark on the cigarette case is also printed in Shanghai. The first batch of "Frye" brand cigarettes produced by Dalai Tobacco Factory is the earliest cigarette variety in Bengbu. "Frye" brand is a mid-range cigarette, a light yellow cigarette case with a dog painted on the trademark, which originated from China's saying that "cats come to be poor and dogs come to be rich". Fan Yutian, the founder of the cigarette factory, is from Tianjin. Although he has been employed by British American Tobacco Company for many years, he doesn't know much about cigarette production.

After the factory opened, due to poor management, high quality and low price, it is far from being an opponent of similar cigarettes in Shanghai in the market. In the third year, Fan Yutian died. At this time, the factory lost money and was heavily in debt. In order to repay the debt, it had to sell the factory to Wang. Wang Rui has a strong intention and is determined to rally. He recruited Yang Shucheng (that is, Yang San, the owner of Baoxing Flour Factory) and others to raise funds and make a drastic reorganization of the factory leadership. Two Ningbo people who are proficient in business are selected to manage the factory: Li Mei is the manager in charge of accounting business; Gui Baoding was appointed as the factory director and asked about the production technology.

After the reorganization, production gradually improved, and product sales immediately opened. The factory produces nearly 10 boxes of cigarettes every day, and the production and sales tend to be balanced. After the "Frye" brand cigarette gained a firm foothold in the market, Dalai Tobacco Factory produced another "Bangjing" brand cigarette. There is a picture of a mussel on the cigarette case, with its wings open and a beautiful woman in ancient costume standing in the middle. This decorative design is not only brightly colored, but also in line with the legend of mussels breeding pearls along the Huaihe River recorded in historical books, with rich imagination and strong local color.

In the late 1920s, handmade cigarettes appeared in Bengbu market. Handmade cigarettes were also called contraband cigarettes at that time, because there was no tax. Some unemployed citizens buy tobacco leaves from tobacco shops, also buy trays of paper and essence from shops, cut mixed cigarettes by themselves, roll cigarettes with hand pliers (simple cigarette tools, wood products), and produce and sell them by themselves. Or stall for sale, or peddle along the street, or sell the whole package or price by branch, and the sales method is very flexible. Most users are porters and farmers in the city. As handmade cigarettes are tax-free, low-priced, small profits but quick turnover, and can support the family, by the eve of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, there were 240 self-employed handmade cigarettes. Cheap handmade cigarettes flooded the market, taking away the business of big cigarette factories and affecting local taxes.

The authorities plan to ban handmade cigarettes in four batches within two years. But soon, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression broke out, and this plan was not fully implemented. 1in the spring of 937, the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895 was imminent, and the domestic atmosphere was filled with war. In order to avoid the war, Dalai Tobacco Factory decided to move out of Bengbu, proud, and negotiated with Li Xizhen, the boss of Liu Fu Tobacco Company, to temporarily rent its tobacco company to maintain production. In summer, the machinery and equipment of Dalai Tobacco Factory were transported to Liu Fu for installation. Soon. The Lugouqiao Incident occurred, the Japanese army invaded on a large scale, and the Kuomintang army was routed thousands of miles. Less than two months after Dalai Tobacco Factory resumed work, Bengbu fell, and the Japanese army immediately sent troops to Fengyang. Support Mei, Gui Baoding and Li Xizhen left the factory for Sichuan, and the factory was occupied by the Japanese army as a barracks. At this point, the Dalai Tobacco Factory, which had been in operation for 12 years, was destroyed by the war.

During the early Japanese occupation in War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, Japan Tobacco Company took over all the assets of British American Tobacco Company in the occupied areas and monopolized the tobacco purchasing industry in Fengyang, Bengbu and even the whole East China. At that time, Bengbu tobacco purchasing point was located in the yard south of Baoxing flour mill (now the third wool mill). For the sole benefit of a family, private cigarette factories in the occupied areas are also banned. From 65438 to 0942, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression entered its fifth year and the ban was relaxed. There is a shortage of cigarettes in Bengbu and northern Anhui markets. Yang San, who is good at making money, bribed the Japanese military and, as a shareholder of Dalai Tobacco Factory, shipped back two cigarette machines from Liu Fu. In cooperation with Zhou Zilin, a Shanghainese, he opened a cigarette factory in the courtyard of Baoxing Flour Factory, still taking Dalai Tobacco Factory as the factory name. This factory is funded by Yang San, and Zhou Zilin provides technical and management experience. The factory building is actually a building (namely Baoxing North Building), with smoke upstairs and smoke downstairs. Cutting machine, cigarette maker, dryer and other equipment are driven by motors, and the power is conveyed by the generator of Baoxing flour mill. The production method is advanced. The whole factory has about 100 people, producing three kinds of cigarettes: "three camels", "red gun" and "flying scissors". Among them, "Santuo" brand cigarettes are full of vigor and vitality, which is quite suitable for the tastes of northerners. Once exported to Tianjin, Tianjin people praised it as a "small battery". The high profits of the tobacco industry attracted two brothers in Yangzhou-Jiang Yinguan and Jiang Hong. At that time, my brother Jiang Yinguan opened a "Tongsheng Cloth Shop" in the old street (now the northern section of Youth Street), and my brother Jiang Hong assisted his father Jiang Zaijie (now the southern section of Youth Street) in running the "Xiangsheng Money House". At the end of 1943, the two brothers raised 3000 yuan to set up the "Brother Cigarette Factory" at the east end of Tianqiao (now Heping Cinema). At first, the factory had 65,438+050 people, 42 houses, 3 hand-operated cigarette makers and 65,438+0 stalk presses. After half a year, 65,438+0 large cigarette factories and 65,438+0 generators were added. Brother Tobacco Factory produced the first batch of "Qian Bao" and "BMW" cigarettes. When the new brand went on the market, customers refused to recognize it, resulting in a backlog of products. Seeing that production is difficult to maintain, in order to open the market, the Chiang brothers took two measures: first, tied floats, beat gongs and drums, drove to the streets to promote products and attract customers; 2. Put a lottery ticket into the cigarette bag, and the buyer will win the prize. The lottery tickets are painted with portraits of people in Water Margin and Romance of the Three Kingdoms. Winners can come to the factory with lottery tickets to receive prizes, first prize bicycles, second prize record players or blankets, third prize water bottles, towels and other daily necessities. Half a year later, cigarette sellers came to order one after another, and the market opened. On this basis, the Chiang brothers also increased the production of "Notre Dame" and "Olive" brand cigarettes, expanding the variety of colors; Shanghai technicians were hired to improve the formula, add spices and strive to improve the intrinsic quality of cigarettes, thus making the cigarettes in this factory more and more smokers. Especially "Qian Bao" brand, full of smoke and mellow fragrance, not only sells well in Bengbu area, but also is transported to Xuzhou, Kaifeng, Yangzhou and other places by cigarette dealers, competing with Shanghai-made cigarettes and local famous brands for the market.

By the eve of liberation, Brother Tobacco Factory had grown to more than 500 people, with 0/08 houses and 3 large cigarette factories with a daily output of more than 40 boxes, making it the leading tobacco factory in Bengbu and even Anhui. 1945 In May, Jianghuai Tobacco Factory operated by several Liu Furen opened. Li Xizhen, the boss of the former tobacco company, is the manager, Kang Zhenlin, the boss of Tiancheng Cloth Store, is the deputy manager, and Li Xizhen's cousin Li is the factory director. The factory address is at the intersection of Stage Street and Shengli Road (the school gate of No.1 Middle School is slightly east today, and the former site no longer exists). The factory has nearly 65,438+000 people, more than 65,438+00 houses and 65,438+0 hand-cranked cigarette machines, and produces 2 boxes of "Zhong Jing" brand cigarettes every day. By the end of the year, a large cigarette maker 1 set and a generator 1 set will be added, and the daily output will be increased to 7 boxes, and the production will develop steadily. Unprecedented and short-lived prosperity1In August, 945, Japan surrendered unconditionally, and the Kuomintang government changed the Mentaizi flue-cured tobacco factory, which had just been taken over from the Japanese army, into the ninth rear hospital, and tobacco farmers had to transport the tobacco leaves to Bengbu for sale. When all walks of life were depressed at that time, Bengbu tobacco purchasing industry developed abnormally and entered its heyday. According to statistics, in just two years after Japan surrendered, the number of private cigarette companies in Bengbu soared to 107.

Sanjing Street (now the southern section of Taiping Street) is a place where tobacco companies are concentrated. From today's first-line factory to Nangang No.1 gas station, there are Wanhe Tobacco Company, Dacheng Tobacco Company, Xinglong Tobacco Company and Xinda Tobacco Company ... almost one after another. When new cigarettes came on the market, the traffic here was very busy, and hundreds of loads of tobacco leaves were sold every day. In order to safeguard the economic interests of this industry and coordinate all aspects of relations within this industry, Bengbu Tobacco Trade Union was established in the autumn of 1946. Jiang Jiagang Jiang was promoted to the chairman of Bengbu Tobacco Trade Union. The vigorous development of tobacco purchasing industry has stimulated the development of cigarette industry and brought unprecedented temporary prosperity to cigarette industry.

From 1946 to 1947, there was a "cigarette factory fever" in Bengbu Tobacco Factory. In just two years, the number of cigarette factories has increased from 3 to 6/kloc-0, producing hundreds of kinds of cigarettes. There are more than 60 cigarette factories scattered along the long and narrow section from the railway station to Nangang Road. Or located in the city center, or in the suburbs, or built on the street, some are wholly owned, and most of them are established by several partnerships. Among them, besides several big cigarette factories such as Dalai, Brother, Yumin, HSBC, Tsinghua, Jianghuai, Zhongxing and Fufeng, there are dozens of backward production methods, which only belong to handicraft workshops. For example, at that time, there were three cigarette factories in Crotch Street (now Caishikou, Central District), which were only a few steps apart. Each factory has 2 bungalows, 10 people, 1 hand-cranked cigarette machine, which is very small. Because these small cigarette factories have no capital turnover, once the products are unsalable, they will close down immediately. At that time, there was a small tobacco factory in the middle section of Stage Street, which took only five days from opening to closing, so that many colleagues didn't know that there had been a tobacco factory here a few months after the factory closed.

There are also many small and medium-sized tobacco factories doing well, such as Zhonghui Tobacco Factory, Huaiguang Tobacco Factory and Pike Tobacco Factory. Zhonghui Tobacco Factory was established by joint contribution of 65,438+08 shareholders, and was put into production in June 65,438+0946+00. 18 shareholders are mostly cigarette dealers and self-employed hand-made cigarettes, and the contribution varies from 1 10,000 yuan to only 1 10,000 yuan. Wang Fenghe, a cigarette distributor in Shandong, is the factory director, and the factory site is located at the intersection of Stage Street and Lu 'an Street (now Jianguo Road) (now Shengli No.3 Primary School).

There are 3 hand-cranked cigarette makers and 2 shredders in the factory, with workers 1 10, including 30 shredders and 30 packs of cigarettes, all of which are piecework wages, and the remaining 40 people do odd jobs such as transportation and shaking machines in the factory. The factory guarantees meals and only gives some pocket money every month. Some of the workers are farmers in nearby rural areas. They come to work in the factory during the slack season and return to the village to farm during the busy season. Cigarette makers and shredders are all shaken by manpower, which is labor intensive. This factory produces three kinds of cigarettes: Truth, Goodness and Beauty, Fuxing and Pisces. Because the price is low and the quality is acceptable, the sales volume has been very good, not only in Bengbu cigarette factory, but also in nearby counties. Bengbu Cigarette Trade Union was founded in 1946 "Cigarette Factory Fever", with Tsinghua cigarette factory owner and Liu Furen as the chairman of the trade union.

1947 in the second half of the year, a large number of Shanghai cigarettes came from the north and were dumped in Bengbu market, and the supply gradually exceeded the demand. There is a backlog of unsalable local cigarettes, and some small and medium-sized tobacco factories have closed down. At the same time, the People's Liberation Army has been victorious in various battlefields, and the bosses of some big cigarette factories have panicked, busy adjusting planes and transporting money, and fled to the south of the Yangtze River, causing some cigarette factories to be paralyzed. The number of cigarette factories to 1949, 6 1 dropped sharply to 33.

The rise and development of Bengbu tobacco industry is based on the hard work of cigarette workers and farmers in tobacco-growing areas. The hard sweat of workers and peasants condenses in cigarettes. By the eve of liberation, there were more than 3,500 cigarette workers in Bengbu, accounting for about 70% of the total industrial workers in the city. All the major cigarette factories have set up trade unions. At the same time, the underground organization in Bengbu also went deep into the cigarette workers to publicize the truth, cultivate the backbone, and unite the workers to fight against the capitalists in various forms. After the capitalists fled to the south, the majority of cigarette workers, inspired by the news of the victory of the People's Liberation Army, Qi Xin joined forces to protect the factory, insisted on production and waited for liberation. The establishment and relocation of Donghai Tobacco Factory almost coincided with the opening of Yangshan Dalai Tobacco Factory, and a small tobacco factory of seven and a half people was born in Yilin Town, northern Jiangsu. This is Donghai Tobacco Factory, which moved to Bengbu several times in the future, and made great contributions to the cigarette industry in Bengbu.

In the early 1940s, the main forces of the New Fourth Army were stationed in Yancheng and Funing in northern Jiangsu. Ilya, a marginal town in Funing County, is more than 0/00 miles away from Dahai/KLOC. There are hundreds of families, and a small river crosses the street, which can lead to Sheyang River and enter the Grand Canal, with convenient transportation. At that time, it was the center of the logistics department of the Third Division of the New Fourth Army (division commander Huang Kecheng and deputy division commander Zhang Aiping). 1942, Yu Jinbiao, Gao Mingming, Song Changhe, An, how eight former Red Army soldiers in northern Shaanxi were injured in an anti-"mopping-up" battle and left Yulin to recuperate. Seven of them were slightly injured, 1 person was seriously injured and disabled (some people called it "half man").

At that time, there was a shortage of cigarettes in northern Jiangsu, and many soldiers smoked beans and choked people. Some mercenary businessmen took the opportunity to transport cigarettes from other places to northern Jiangsu, sell them at high prices, and make huge profits, which aggravated the financial difficulties of the base areas. As a result, Yu Jinbiao and others bought three planers and three pushers and opened a small cigarette shop in a small village near Yilin. This is the early bud of Donghai Tobacco Factory. Handmade cigarettes are inefficient. At the beginning, each person could only roll 20 cigarettes for the troops every day. 1in the spring of 943, they risked their lives, crossed several blockade lines and shipped back a hand-cranked cigarette machine from Mafei Tobacco Factory in Huainan Military Region (when the First Division of the New Fourth Army was founded in Tianchang County). Subsequently, the factory gradually increased to 70 people, and the daily output of "Black Cat" brand cigarettes was 500 (2 boxes). The factory site has also been moved from the village to an old commercial house in the town, with more than a dozen houses. Because Yanfu area is close to the East China Sea, the cigarette factory is named Donghai Cigarette Factory.

1In the autumn of 943, Donghai Tobacco Factory became a household name in northern Jiangsu. In order to expand production, the financial committee of Yanfu District allocated 30 yuan Huazhong currency to set up a tobacco factory exchange to deal in soybeans, pigs and oil. These agricultural and sideline products were transported to Shanghai by smugglers in exchange for four hand-cranked cigarette machines, 1 generators and paper winder. Since then, production has developed rapidly and factories have become more and more prosperous. By 1945, the factory has begun to take shape. The factory has more than 300 employees, built more than 20 houses and runs an oil company. The factory uses diesel engine to generate electricity for production, and uses a small steam engine with a load of 50 tons to purchase raw materials for the factory. The daily output of cigarettes increased to 3000 cigarettes, reaching 5000 cigarettes at the highest. The variety has also increased from the original black cat to yellow cat, Hu Jin, flying tiger and flying horse. These cigarettes are not only supplied to the army, but also sold locally, selling well in northern Jiangsu, and several "Hu Jin" brands are cheap and good, and have been exported to Yangzhou, Baoying and other places. The establishment and development of Donghai Tobacco Factory has effectively dealt a blow to the speculative activities of profiteers, and made certain contributions to increasing fiscal revenue, supplying troops' needs and supporting the war.

1June, 946, Chiang Kai-shek mobilized160,000 troops and launched a large-scale attack on the liberated areas in the Central Plains, East China, North China and Northeast China, threatening to destroy the liberated areas and the People's Liberation Army within three to six months. In July and August, after seven wars and seven victories in the central Jiangsu region, the northern Jiangsu troops gradually moved out and continued to carry out sports operations. Donghai Tobacco Factory was instructed by its superiors to divide the factory into two branches. The first branch withdrew from Shandong with the northern troops, and the second branch stayed in northern Jiangsu for a period of time, insisting on production. In order to avoid the air raid, the second factory moved to a small forest near Yilin for production. Two months later, I moved north to Yangzhai. Soon, the enemy invaded Yanfu area, and the second factory was ordered to leave northern Jiangsu and head for southern Shandong.

1946 In the early winter, more than 70 people from the Second Branch of Donghai Tobacco Factory trudged on the Huanghuai Plain carrying cigarettes and a small amount of tobacco leaves. Along the way, enemy planes bombed and pursued, and bandits and landlords often harassed and intercepted them. They traveled day and night, crossing the Xinyi River and the Longhai Line, and experienced hardships. When passing through Zhudun, bandits attacked, and the manager Yu Jinbiao and the guards were surrounded. Fortunately, they were rescued by the army before they were killed. At the end of the year, the employees of the second factory entered Lunan and arrived at the store in Juxian County to meet the employees of the first factory who had arrived before. Dadian, located at the southern foot of Yimeng Mountain, has a Tianqi Temple near the market town, which was temporarily used as a factory building by Donghai Tobacco Factory. After the meeting, there were more than 100 people in the whole factory. At this point, they have lost contact with their superiors during the transfer process and their supplies have been cut off. In addition, most people are newcomers to Shandong, and they are not used to life. They don't have cotton-padded clothes to keep out the cold. The situation is very difficult, but everyone encourages each other, actively saves themselves by production, overcomes difficulties, and has a high revolutionary enthusiasm.

1in April, 947, the Kuomintang government focused on Shandong, assembled 34 brigades with more than 250,000 people, and approached the Shandong liberated area. Under the pressure of the enemy, Donghai Tobacco Factory moved to the mountainous area and successively settled in Xiaoyao, Taoluo and Lijiasang Gardens. Shandong is an old revolutionary base area with high consciousness and good foundation. Under the cover of the people, the workers of Donghai Tobacco Factory skillfully dealt with the enemy from east to west and from south to north. On weekdays, they are on high alert and practice martial arts while producing. When the enemy ambushed, they hit and left, and moved in time. Sometimes machines are buried underground or thrown into ponds before being taken away. As soon as the enemy left, they immediately reloaded the machine and raced against time to increase production and support the front line.

1In May, 947, the East China Field Army successfully carried out the famous Battle of Menglianggu, and wiped out the reorganized 74th Division, one of Chiang Kai-shek's "five main forces", thus reversing the entire battlefield in Shandong. In the second half of the year, the PLA changed from strategic defense to strategic counterattack. After hard fighting, Chen Su's army recovered and developed the liberated areas in Henan, Anhui and Sulu. At the end of the year, the superior ordered Donghai Tobacco Factory to return to northern Jiangsu in two ways: flood and drought. People on land were escorted by troops, crossed Longhai Road and entered the border region of Henan, Anhui and Jiangsu. The channel personnel rented a private boat and set out for China Southern Airlines in two batches from Lanshantou, Ju 'nan County. Some people were detained and tortured by pirate ships and Kuomintang warships near Lianyungang, but they died because their identities were not exposed.

1948, Donghai Tobacco Factory 100 employees traveled thousands of miles and finally returned to northern Jiangsu. The superior gathered them together and placed them in Wang Xiaoji (Sihong County) by the Hongze Lake. At that time, the People's Liberation Army was preparing to launch the Huaihai Campaign, and workers in Donghai Cigarette Factory stepped up production by relying on the remaining three hand-cranked cigarette machines to support the war. 1949 65438+ 10, the Huaihai Campaign ended successfully and Bengbu was liberated. In order to expand production, Donghai Tobacco Factory left Subei in March and moved to Bengbu. Since then, the history of Donghai Tobacco Factory has turned a new page. Since liberation, Bengbu Cigarette Factory has produced more than 40 brands of cigarettes, which are not only sold to this province, but also to all parts of the motherland. Du Jiang, Jinye, Tuanjie, Bai Shou, Huangshan and other cigarettes have become famous brands and enjoy a high reputation among smokers. In recent years, Bengbu Cigarette Factory has created an output value of hundreds of millions of yuan for the country every year, and the tax paid accounts for more than half of the total fiscal revenue of Bengbu City. At present, Bengbu cigarette factory is forging ahead in the new Long March and making more and more contributions to the motherland.