Empress Dowager Cixi unknown contribution to the abolition of long periods of guilt-by-association and other horrific penalties

Introduction: Empress Dowager Cixi issued an edict that before the promulgation of the criminal law, beheading was temporarily recognized as capital punishment, and brutal punishments such as beheading on the Day of the Dead, as well as branding, whipping, sitting and other penalties, should be abolished immediately. The Empress Dowager Cixi said these barbaric punishments, which originated in the Ming Dynasty, went against the goodness of the Manchus.

Lingnnux express query late can be said to be the ultimate representative of "Chinese torture". Has been used to execute the worst offenders, of course, there are inevitably some loyal and righteous by the tragic events of the traitor! It was the heaviest punishment in the Qing Dynasty, and was "carried forward" and therefore considered by foreigners as the ultimate Chinese torture. So, when was this inhumane punishment abolished? Who agreed to abolish it?

There were two celebrities during the Chongzhen period, one of whom was Yuan Chonghuan, the loyal governor of Jiliao. He was accused of treason and collaborating with the enemy and possessed 3,543 swords. The rest of the meat was eaten by brainless cynics who hated traitors, and the other was Zheng Shan, a concubine scholar who liked to advise in a high profile. He was accused of beating his stepmother, raping his daughter-in-law, raping his sister, and slashing 3,600 knives to sell the rest of the meat.

After the Manchu Qing Dynasty entered the Middle Kingdom, many of its decrees followed those of the previous dynasty. In order to stabilize the rule, the strategy of carrot and stick was implemented. On the one hand, it pacified the people and cut taxes to recuperate; on the other hand, it showed no mercy whenever its rule was threatened. The use of many penalties was expanding, such as prison robberies, jailbreaks, digging up graves, and forcing people to die.

As for the leaders of the rebellious peasant revolts, there was no room for negotiation. They were all late to the party. For example, after the failure of the Taiping Rebellion at the end of the Qing Dynasty, and other eight generals were captured and escorted back to Beijing to show their faces. The leaders of the Twisting Army, Zhang Luohang and Lai, who were captured in defeat, were also punished at the end of the year. When Shi Dakai was captured and tortured, he was hacked more than 100 times and remained silent throughout. Based on this alone, it is by no means something that ordinary people can do. When I was a child, I cried every time I got an injection. I was really ashamed.

At the beginning of the 20th century, soldiers from the French embassy took pictures of three different prisoners on death row at the Caishikou execution ground in Beijing. The photo shows the then-popular "eight-knife" execution. The so-called "eight knife execution" is the executioner with a basket of numbered knives to divide people: the first knife, cut the chest; the second knife, cut the biceps; the third knife, the thighs; the fourth and fifth knives, cut the arm to the elbow; the sixth knife, the seventh knife, the calf to the knee; the eighth knife, the thin meat head. The mutilated remains of the bodies were placed in a basket and the skulls were put on public display indefinitely.

Additionally, it is said that there were "sixteen knives", "thirty-two knives", and "three hundred and sixty knives". The more knives, the closer to the authentic year of the Lunar New Year. After the photos of these French soldiers were spread to Europe, they caused a great sensation and were regarded as the ultimate representative of French "Chinese torture". It is estimated that Westerners also people will not understand, in the battlefield to fight the Chinese soft heart, how to treat compatriots so tough. In fact, not tough, mainly against their own people.

But torture is not, after all, a solution to the current crisis. As civilization advances, euthanasia has played out in the West. When the Qing Dynasty was so bloody, it was obvious that people looked down on you. In the thirty-first year of Guangxu, the Qing government amended the law, and Minister Shen Jiaben submitted a petition to delete several heavy punishments such as lynching. This was recognized by Cixi, Cixi in the deletion of heavy law within the law folded in the reply, said: "I entered the world at the beginning, the punishment is decapitation. Shun years to revise the criminal law, following the old system of the former Ming Dynasty, began the lunar year and other capital punishment. Middle tenor