There are many cultural relics left over from the Qing Dynasty. What are the identification characteristics of bronze incense burners in Qing Dynasty?

First, copper is very fine, but counterfeiters don't know that precious metals such as gold and silver are added to it, and they don't know its proportion. Therefore, the authenticity can be identified from copper, depending on the bottom and foot of Xuande furnace. Reveal that the copper essence is true and the poor is false.

Second, the color of the real stove is hidden inside, reflecting hazy and strange light, gorgeous, natural and soft; It is unnatural for forgers to shine outside.

Third, whether the true and false Xuande furnace is round or square, whether it is a pottery ear, a bridge ear or a half-ring ear, the same type, frivolous is false, simple is true.

Fourth, the calligraphy style of Zhenxuande Furnace has one, two, four and six characters, such as "Xuan", "Xuande", "Xuande Year System" or "Daming Xuande Year System", with strict structure and regular fonts; The fake Xuande Furnace is generally six types of "Daming Xuande Year System", with many random readers and irregular fonts.

Fifth, the gold-plated or scattered gold-plated Xuande furnace is real, and the golden water is very thick, yellow and flashing white; False, golden water is thin, uneven and frivolous.

Extended data

Historical evolution:

Incense has a long history in China, and the famous Boshan Furnace in Han Dynasty was designed for incense. Incense burner, also called incense burner or incense burner, was originally made of bronze, and Boshan furnace in Han Dynasty was also made of bronze. In fact, incense is not entirely an ornament in the life of ancient literati, but also has the functions of perfuming clothes, eliminating fatigue and expelling mosquitoes.

After the Han Dynasty, the materials of incense burners were gradually enriched. Boshan furnace made of porcelain appeared in Song Dynasty, but it could not stand the barbecue of fragrant powder and soon became a plaything of literati. Wait, jade incense burner, jade incense burner and so on. Later, it was also an ornamental for display or play. Display may be more valuable than practicality.

During the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty, in order to satisfy his hobby of appreciating incense burners, he referred to the porcelain styles of famous kilns such as Ding Kiln, Ru Kiln, Guan Kiln, Ge Kiln and Ping Kiln collected in the palace, as well as historical records such as the Catalogue of Xuanhe Bo Gu and Archaeological Map, to guide court craftsmen to design and supervise incense burners.

In order to ensure the quality of the incense burner, craftsmen chose dozens of precious metals such as gold and silver, and after more than ten times of careful casting together with red copper, the bronze incense burner made was crystal clear and moist in color, and Xuande furnace was successfully cast, which opened a precedent for later bronze furnaces. In the long history, Xuande furnace has become the general name of copper incense burner.

Xuande used this batch of red copper to cast 3,000 incense burners in three years, and no longer produced them. These Xuande burners are hidden in the Forbidden Palace, and most people can only know their names but not their shapes. After hundreds of years of ups and downs, the bronze incense burner cast by Xuande for three years is extremely rare.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Lu Tongxiang