It's the Ching Ming Festival in a couple of days, and I'd like to have some Chinese works on ancestor worship to use as a basis. I guess there should be in the Book of Rites.

The Origin and Customs of Qingming Festival

Introduction of Qingming Festival Qingming is one of the twenty-four solar terms in China. Since the 24 solar terms reflect the changes in temperature, rainfall and physical conditions throughout the year in a more objective way, the ancient working people used it to arrange agricultural activities. Huainanzi (淮南子). Tianwenxun" said, "Fifteen days after the vernal equinox, the bucket points to B, then the wind of Qingming arrives." According to the "time of the year and a hundred questions": "Everything grows at this time, are clean and clear. Therefore, it is called Qingming." Qingming, the temperature rises, rainfall increases, is a good time for spring plowing and planting. Therefore, there are "before and after the Qingming, point melon planting beans", "planting trees, no more than the Qingming" proverbs. It can be seen that this festival has a close relationship with agricultural production. When is Qingming Festival Qingming Festival is which day? Unlike other traditional Chinese festivals that are celebrated on the lunar calendar, Qingming Festival is actually a solar calendar date, which is fixed between April 4 and April 6 every year on the Gregorian calendar. Some students ask the Qingming Festival is the lunar calendar how many days this statement is not true, the Qingming Festival lunar calendar date is different every year, he is the sun orbit to a specific position on the calendar date. For example, this year's Qingming Festival is April 5, 2011, with the lunar calendar has nothing to do, you can look at the online electronic almanac query. The Origin and Customs of Qingming Festival However, Qingming as a festival is different from a pure festival. Festivals are the signs of changes in climate and the order of the seasons in our country, while festivals contain certain customs and activities and some kind of commemorative significance. Qingming Festival is a traditional festival in China, and also the most important festival of sacrifices, a day for offering sacrifices to ancestors and sweeping tombs. Tomb-sweeping is commonly known as visiting the graves, an activity to honor the dead. Most Han Chinese and some ethnic minorities sweep their tombs on Qingming Day. According to the old custom, when sweeping tombs, people should bring wine, food, fruits, paper money and other items to the cemetery, offer the food in front of their loved ones' graves, then incinerate the paper money, cultivate new soil for the graves, fold a few tender green new branches and stick them on the graves, then bow down and perform rituals and worship, and then eat the wine and food and go home at last. Du Mu, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote a poem entitled "Qingming": "The rain falls one after another during the Qingming Festival, and the pedestrians on the road want to break their souls. Where can I find a tavern? The shepherd boy points to the apricot blossom village." The poem "Ching Ming Festival" wrote out the special atmosphere of Ching Ming Festival. Qingming Festival, also known as Treading Green Festival, according to the solar calendar, it is between April 4 and 6 every year, it is the bright and sunny spring grass and trees spit green season, it is also a good time for people to spring tour (ancient called trekking), so the ancients have Qingming trekking, and a series of sports activities of the custom. Until today, the Qingming Festival to pay homage to ancestors, mourning the deceased relatives of the custom is still very prevalent. The origin and legend of Qingming Festival: China's traditional Qingming Festival began in the Zhou Dynasty, which has a history of more than 2,500 years. Qingming is a very important festival at the beginning, Qingming, the temperature rises, it is a good time for spring plowing and planting, so there is "before and after Qingming, planting melons and beans". "Tree planting, no more than the Qingming" proverbs. Later, due to the Qingming and cold food days close, and cold food is the folk ban on fire sweeping days, gradually, cold food and Qingming on the merger of one, and cold food has become an alias of Qingming, but also become a custom for the Qingming Festival, Qingming day does not move fireworks, only eat cold food. On the cold food, there is such a legend: According to legend, the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period, the consort of Duke Xian of Jin Li Ji in order to let his son Xi Qi successor, set up a poisonous plan to murder Prince Shen Sheng, Shen Sheng was forced to commit suicide. Shen Sheng's younger brother, Chong Er, went into exile to avoid the disaster. While in exile, Chong Er suffered a lot of humiliation. Most of the ministers who followed him went their own way one after another. There were only a few loyal men left who followed him all the way. One of them was called Jie Zi Tui (介子推). Once, Chong Er passed out from hunger. In order to save Chong Er, Jie Zi Pui cut off a piece of meat from his own leg, cooked it over a fire and gave it to Chong Er to eat. Nineteen years later, Chong Er returned to his country and became the ruler, Duke Wen of Jin, one of the famous Five Hegemons of the Spring and Autumn Period. When Duke Wen of Jin came to power, he rewarded his subjects who had suffered with him, but he forgot about Jie Zi Tui. Some people complained for Jie Zi Tui in front of Duke Wen of Jin. Duke Wen of Jin suddenly remembered the old story, the heart of shame, and immediately sent to ask mesoteric push on the court to be rewarded by the official. However, after several trips, Jie Zi Tui did not come. Duke Wen of Jin had to go in person to invite. However, when Duke Wen came to Jie Zi Tui's house, he saw that the door was closed. Jie Zi Tui didn't want to see him, and had already carried his mother to hide in Mianshan Mountain (southeast of present-day Jiexiu County, Shanxi Province). The Duke of Jin then sent his imperial army up to Mianshan to search for him, but they did not find him. So, someone came up with an idea, saying that it would be better to set fire to the mountain, lighting fires on three sides and leaving one side behind, so that when the fire started, Jie Zi Tui would come out on his own. Duke Wen of Jin ordered the fire to burn the mountain, but the fire burned for three days and three nights, after the fire was extinguished, did not see Kai Zi push out. Up the mountain to see, jiezi push mother and son holding a big charred willow tree has died. Duke Wen of Jin looked at the body of the mesquite push to cry and worship for a while, and then buried the remains, and found that the mesquite push spine blocked a willow tree hole, the hole seems to have something. He took out a look, but it turned out to be a piece of lapel, which was inscribed with a poem in blood: "Cutting off my flesh to serve the emperor's danxin heart, but I hope that my lord will always be clear.

The first time I saw this was when I was in the middle of the night, when I was in the middle of the night, when I was in the middle of the night.

If your lord has me in his heart, he will always think of himself when he remembers me.

I have no shame in the nine springs of my heart, and I am diligent and clear in my administration. Duke Wen of Jin hid the bloody book in his sleeve. Then he buried Jie Zi Tui and his mother under the charred willow tree. To commemorate Jie Zi Tui, Duke Wen of Jin ordered to change Mian Shan to "Jie Shan", built a shrine on the mountain, and designated the day he set fire to the mountain as the Cold Food Festival, telling the whole country that every year on this day, fireworks were forbidden and only cold food was eaten. When he left, he cut a piece of burnt willow wood and made a pair of wooden clogs in the palace, looking at them every day and sighing: "Woe is the foot." "Foot" is the ancient subordinate to the superior or between peers to respect each other, is said to be derived from this.

The next year, the Duke of Jin led his ministers on a hike in plain clothes to pay tribute. When he arrived at the grave, he saw the old willow tree come back to life, with thousands of green branches, dancing in the wind. Duke Wen of Jin looked at the resurrected old willow tree and saw it as if he had seen Jie Zi Tui. He went to it respectfully, pinched a branch and wove a circle on his head. After the cleaning, Duke Wen of Jin gave the name "Qingming Willow" to the resurrected old willow tree, and designated this day as the Qingming Festival. Afterwards, Duke Wen of Jin often put the bloody book on his side, as a motto to spur himself to rule. He was diligent and clear, and tried his best to govern the country well. After that, the people of Jin were able to live in peace and work happily, and they missed Jie Zi Tui very much. On the day of his death, people banned fireworks to commemorate him. Also with flour and jujube clay, kneaded into the swallow, with willow string up, inserted in the door, to summon his soul, this thing is called "the push of the swallow" (jiezitui also known as jiezhitui). Since then, the cold food and Qingming became the grand festivals of the people all over the country. Whenever cold food is served, people do not make fire to cook and only eat cold food. In the north, the people only eat pre-made cold food such as jujube cake, wheat cake, etc.; in the south, it is mostly green dumplings and glutinous rice candy root. Every Qingming, people weave willow into a circle to wear on the head, the willow branches inserted in front of the house, in order to show remembrance. Qingming Festival customs: Qingming Festival customs are rich and interesting, in addition to pay attention to the ban on fire, sweeping the tomb, there are a series of customs and sports activities such as trekking, swinging, Cuju, polo, willow and so on. Legend has it that this is because the Qingming Festival to cold food and fire ban, in order to prevent cold food and cold food injury, so people come to participate in a number of sports activities, in order to exercise the body. Therefore, this festival is rich in characteristics of both sweeping the new graves of the sorrowful tears of life and death, but also the laughter of trekking and playing, is a festival.

Swinging

This is China's ancient Qingming Festival customs. Swinging, meaning migrating by the leather rope. Its history is very ancient, the earliest called the thousand autumn, after in order to avoid taboos, changed to swing. Ancient swing with tree branches for the frame, and then bolted on the ribbon made. Later gradually developed into a swing with two ropes and pedals. Playing swing not only can improve health, but also can cultivate the spirit of bravery, so far for people, especially children love.

Cuju

Cuju is a kind of leather ball, the ball skin made of leather, the ball with hair stuffed tight. Cuju is to kick the ball with the foot. It is a favorite game during the ancient Qingming Festival. It is said to have been invented by the Yellow Emperor, and its original purpose was to train warriors.

Treading Green

It is also called spring tour. In ancient times, it was called exploring spring, searching for spring and so on. March clearing, spring back to the earth, the natural world everywhere presents a vibrant scene, it is a great time for excursions. China's folk have long maintained the habit of Qingming trekking.

Tree planting

Before and after the Qingming Festival, the spring sun shines, the spring sun shines, the spring rain sprinkles, planting saplings with a high survival rate, fast growth. Therefore, since ancient times, our country has Qingming tree planting habit. Some people also call the Qingming Festival "Tree Planting Day". Tree-planting custom has been handed down to the present day. 1979, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress stipulated that every year on March 12 for China's Tree Planting Day. This is to mobilize the people of all nationalities to actively carry out activities to green the motherland, has a very important significance.

Kite flying

is also a favorite activity during the Qingming Festival. Every Qingming Festival, people not only fly during the day, but also at night. At night, a string of small colorful lanterns are hung under the kite or on the wind steady pulling line, like the flickering star, which is called "God's lantern". In the past, some people put the kites into the blue sky, then cut the strings and let the wind send them to the end of the world, which is said to get rid of diseases and bring good luck to themselves. Qingming Festival Poem: "Qingming"

(Tang) Du Mu

The rain falls one after another during the Qingming Festival, and the pedestrians on the road want to break their souls.

Where can I find a tavern? The shepherd boy is pointing to the apricot blossom village.

The Cold Eclipse on the Way

(Tang) Song Zhiwen

The cold eclipse on the way, the twilight spring on the way.

It is a pity to look at Jiangpu and not see the people of Luoqiao.

The North Pole is pregnant with the Lord of Light, and the South Sea is in the sea.

The old garden is a broken place, and the willows are new every day and night.

"Cold Eclipse"

(Tang) Han Jian (swarming)

There is no place where flowers don't fly in spring, and the wind blows in the east to make the willows slant in the cold eclipse.

The candles were passed to the Han Palace at sunset, and the light smoke was scattered into the houses of the five vassals.

"Qingming"

(Song) Wang Yuxiu

No flowers, no wine over the Qingming, the flavor of depression like a wild monk.

Yesterday, the neighbors begged for a new fire, and the dawn window was divided into reading lamps.

Su Causeway: A Brief History of Qingming

(Song) Wu Weixin

The winds of the pear blossoms are rising at the time of the Qingming Festival, and the tourists are halfway out of the city in search of spring.

At sunset, the pianos and songs were packed away, and ten thousand willows belonged to the warblers.

The Cold Food on the Mound

(Song) Yang Wanli

The road is straight, but the bridge is not so thin! The bridge is dangerous, can we not help it?

The distant mountains are pale, and the broken house is lonely by the wheat.

The grass is still there in the spring, and there is no new road.

The pear blossom has been in the air since the last day of the festival.

Suburban Walking

(Song) Cheng Hao Roy

Fang Grass green field wantonly act, spring into the remote mountain blue all around;

Xing chased messy red through the Willow Lane, solid because of the flowing water to sit on the moss iso;

Mo resigned to the wine is very persuasive, just afraid of the wind and flowers of a piece of red;

When it is a good day of the Qingming Ming Dynasty, it may be better to travel to the Yan Yan Mo forget to return.

There is a good weather, may be better to swim in the world, and may not forget to return.

Sending Chen Xiucai back to his tomb

(Ming) Gao Qi

Full of blood, tears, and dust, he returned to his hometown after the chaos.

The wind and rain, the pear blossoms, the cold food, how many graves have children and grandchildren come?

The Qingjiang River Leads the way for a trip on a bright day

(Ming) Wang Pan

Where is the good place to ask about the prohibition of smoke in the west building?

The green field and the clear sky.

Horses neighing through the willow, people leaning on the swing and laughing,

The warbler is always drunk with spring. Date of Qingming Festival in recent years: April 5, 2005, April 5, 2006, April 5, 2007, um,,