Historical materials of China's finger painting?

The creation of finger painting is only recorded in "Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties" written by Zhang Yanyuan in Tang Dynasty: "In the heyday of Tang Dynasty, in Yibihong, Guan Zhi Jing Zhao Shao Yin was the left bastard, and he was a famous contemporary painter who was good at painting Gu Song. Du Fu once made a' double pine map' for him. " When Bi Shuzi saw that Zhang Xuan only used a bald pen or touched plain silk with her hands. He asked himself what he had received, and replied,' Nature taught us, and we got people's hearts from it'. So Bi Hong stopped writing. "

After the story of Zhang Yun's smoothing and making Bi Hong admit defeat was handed down, people thought that Zhang Yun was the first person to draw with his fingers. Fang Qing's Xun Yuan's "On Painting in a Mountain Residence" records: "Finger painting began in Zhang Yun, and its painting was either returned with a pen or touched behind." This proof is based on the records of "Famous Paintings of Past Dynasties", which is affirmative.

However, during the Millennium from the Tang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, not only the remains of finger paintings of famous ancient painters were not found, but also the names and comments of finger paintings were not found, and even Zhang Yun's works could not be verified. After such a long historical gap, finger painting did not appear until a large number of finger painting works came out in Kangxi period in the early Qing Dynasty.

The history of the Gao family can be recorded in the most detailed way from the Theory of Finger Painting written by Gao Bing in Liaoyang. Gao Bing is Gao's great-grandson. He often sees Tupeng Atlas and the scenes when he paints with his fingers (that is, Gao), so The Theory of Finger Painting is the clearest record of the founding process of finger painting. There is a passage in Gao Bing's finger painting: "Ke Qingong (posthumous title, Gao) learned painting at the age of eight and touched the manuscript. After more than ten years, he became rich and dreamed of an old man who led to the earthen house, painted all around and managed well. But the room is empty, so it can't be imitated. It's just a bowl of water, so I feel happy when I dip my fingers in it and Xi juice. Nai got it from the heart and couldn't respond with a pen, so it was boring. I occasionally recall the method of using water in the soil chamber, because my fingers dipped in ink, believed in its outline, covered its spirit, and set an example first, which made me waste my pen. He once carved a seal that said,' Painting is accepted by dreams, and dreams are self-fulfilling'. " The New Year picture "Tupeng Collection" has 12 pages and the title is Taoist painting. It was painted by a collector in a room in Huizhou, Bo Shi, and became the first miracle. "

According to the poem "Song of Fingering Painting" by Mr. Gan Yunyuan in Qing Dynasty, "The painting of the national dynasty was made by the author Gao Gong (his admiration) following me (poetic tone)". It can be seen that Gao (right) (Zhong Kui) (lower left) refers to the founder of painting. Because Gan Huaiyuan is a disciple of Gaos thought.

Gao Gang, the son of Gao, also wrote an inscription, "Be well informed of ghosts and gods, and create a unique law in ancient and modern times." Sun Gaohua, a descendant of Sun Gaohua, also wrote a postscript in the same painting: "Painting has failed to refer to the author since ancient times, since my father was a great man."

Gao's nephew, Li Shizhuo, wrote "The Picture of the Year", "Finger dipping in ink originated from Shao Sikou and his uncle's house, and there was no one in ancient times".

From the frequently used idle notes, it can be clearly seen that "abandoning pens because of marks" is the basis of painting. In the painting "See the Picture Alone", I wrote, "Every time I touch ink with my fingers, I will form my own eyes and eyelashes. What I can do, I deliberately do it, and I can't get it." Since then, Gao has become an unconventional and unique force, and it deserves its name. Due to his diligence, he created a large number of finger paintings in his life, which were highly praised by everyone and swept the country, thus creating a new school of painting that was unique in the early Qing Dynasty. His high historical achievements made him the founder of China's finger painting.

From the beginning of the finger project to modern times, in the past 300 years, because the Chinese nation was in a series of independent movements such as anti-aggression, anti-colonialism and anti-feudal oppression, under the double interference of domestic troubles and foreign invasion, the national economy and people's livelihood and revolutionary literature and art were in turmoil, and the finger portrait was a faint ember and dying. No one will pay attention to and consider the value of this "small skill". Therefore, the finger painter has become a rare thing. For example, in the late Qing Dynasty, although there were more than 100 famous artists, the circulation of their works was much less than that in the founding period. Some people say that although Qi Baishi is not directly related to Gao's works, it does not mean that there is no indirect influence. According to legend, during the reign of Ganjia, the painter Wang Keshan imitated Gao. We know that Shishan once studied under the king, so the inheritance relationship between them is not obvious. And Mr. Pan Tianshou (Frog Stone), who is well-known in China's art world, is also good at finger painting, with profound attainments. In Pan Shi's "Listening to Tian Ge's Paintings", we can see Pan Shi's exquisite monograph on finger painting, which is a very influential monograph. Then Song Qian, a famous Jinling painter, also published a book "Selected Finger Paintings of the Post-80s Generation", one of which is "A Brief Talk". Although there are not many words, it is enough to prove that finger painting has inspired Qian Lao since childhood, and it is obvious.