What's wrong with cold chain transportation now?

As far as China is concerned, compared with the cold chain transportation industry in developed countries, there are six problems to be solved urgently.

I. Backward infrastructure

Mainly reflected in two aspects, one is refrigerated transportation. At present, most of the cold chain transport vehicles in China rely on the long-distance operation of marine refrigerated containers scrapped or about to be eliminated by international shipping, and there is a serious shortage of modern refrigerated transport vehicles. Cold storage technology and technology are backward, and there is a lack of standardized cold chain transport carriages and temperature control facilities, which can not systematically provide low-temperature protection for the circulation of perishable foods. The refrigerated transport rate (that is, the proportion of perishable goods transported by refrigerated transport) is about 10% ~ 20%, while Europe, America and Japan are developed.

It has reached 80% ~ 90% in all countries. Due to the high loss during transportation, the whole logistics cost accounts for 70% of the cost of perishable goods, while according to international standards, the logistics cost of perishable goods does not exceed 50% of its total cost at the highest. The loss of refrigerated logistics in China exceeds 750 per year.

1 billion yuan. However, domestic enterprises are also actively involved in the research and development of infrastructure. It is reported that CIDI has developed an intelligent multifunctional refrigerated truck "intelligent fresh-keeping warehouse". Through the application of multifunctional preservation technologies (negative pressure control technology, gas regulation technology, ethylene control technology and internal flow field analysis technology), the transportation of fresh fruits and vegetables is almost zero, the temperature difference of goods in the box is controlled at 1, and all data in the box can be monitored by the shipper. Second, the cold storage. In the refrigeration equipment link of cold chain logistics,

At present, the total capacity of cold storage in China exceeds 7 million m? However, the structure of cold storage is unreasonable, and the construction of meat cold storage is emphasized, while the construction of fruit and vegetable cold storage is despised; Pay attention to the city's operating cold storage and despise the construction of processing cold storage in the place of origin; Attach importance to large-scale cold storage and despise the construction of wholesale and retail cold storage.

Second, a complete and independent cold chain system has not yet formed.

At present, the cold chain in China has not yet formed a system, no matter from me

As far as consumption and domestic demand of China's economic development are concerned, it is still in step with developed countries.

Than, the gap is very obvious. At present, about 90% of meat, 80% of aquatic products, a large number of milk and bean products in China are still sold without cold chain guarantee. Although the cold chain of frozen food production and marketing is slightly better, when some products flow into Bazaar to break up retail, the cold chain is interrupted, not the "whole cold chain".

Third, the development of third-party logistics lags behind.

At present, both self-operated logistics and third-party logistics exist in perishable food production enterprises or distributors, but the proportion of the former is about 80% and the third-party logistics is about 20%. For example, domestic well-known food giants such as Shuanghui and Sanquan mostly rely on their own cold chain products.

Flow to complete the service. The development of third-party logistics in cold chain logistics is lagging behind, and the service network and information system are not perfect, which greatly affects the quality, accuracy and timeliness of cold chain logistics in transit, resulting in high cost of cold chain logistics and high commodity loss rate. Few cold chain logistics enterprises can guarantee the temperature control of the whole supply chain, which makes most manufacturers unwilling and unable to outsource the cold storage logistics business with confidence and have to operate on their own.

Even if it is outsourced, it is also a regional local distribution and short-distance refrigerated transportation.

This also hinders the development of third-party refrigerated logistics to some extent.

Fourth, cold chain logistics lacks standardization.

It is necessary to establish national standards related to the logistics industry and standardize and standardize the management of enterprises that have entered and are about to enter the logistics market. So far, there is no binding standard for reference and implementation in cold chain logistics in China, which leads to uneven quality of frozen food. Detailed and systematic technical standards, such as cold chain energy consumption and efficiency standards, cold chain optimal operation standards, cold food hygiene and safety standards, cold storage ambient temperature and cold storage transportation temperature control standards,

The management requirements and norms of the cold chain logistics industry, the technical standards and equipment standards of the cold chain transportation industry, and the standardization of the operation process and functional modules of the cold chain transportation industry have not yet been promulgated, which seriously restricts the development of the cold chain logistics industry in China.

Five, cold storage logistics technology and management level is not high.

China's refrigeration and heat preservation technology needs to be developed urgently, the investment in effective temperature control facilities is limited, the trained supply chain management and operators of refrigeration logistics are seriously lacking, and the advanced whole-process refrigeration and temperature control operation management system needs to be established urgently, which leads to the blocking and freezing of information in all links.

Unnecessary delays and increased risks in the transportation of products have seriously restricted the development of logistics industry in China. The overall management level of the logistics industry is not high, and there are some problems in different degrees, such as inaccurate market positioning, unqualified service products, unreasonable internal structure and irregular operation, which affect the healthy development of the cold chain logistics industry.

Sixth, the level of informatization is low, and the quality of managers needs to be improved.

Cold chain logistics is different from ordinary logistics, its hardware level and cargo operation requirements are more rigid than ordinary goods, and it requires higher information configuration, management level and emergency handling ability of operators. China's overall logistics informatization level is low, and the informatization status of cold chain transportation industry is not optimistic.

Most operators are transformed from ordinary logistics, not only unfamiliar with product characteristics, but also unfamiliar with the operation requirements of cold chain logistics, so the emergency plan ability of cold chain logistics needs to be improved urgently.