Briefly describe the similarities and differences of three trade terms: FOB, CFR and CIF.

Briefly describe the similarities and differences of three trade terms: FOB, CFR and CIF. I. Similarities of three trade terms: FOB, CFR and CIF

(1) The delivery place remains unchanged. FOB, CFR and CIF are all delivered on board at the port of shipment. (2) The boundaries of risk division are the same. FOB, CFR and CIF trade terms limit the risk transfer between buyers and sellers to the goods loaded at the port of shipment.

(3) The mode of transportation is the same. FOB, CFR and CIF modes of transport are all suitable for sea or inland river transport, but not for land, air or multimodal transport.

(4) Import and export customs clearance procedures are the same. . The import and export customs clearance procedures for FOB, CFR and CIF shall be handled by the buyer and the seller respectively.

(5) The contract is of the same nature. Contracts in terms of FOB, CFR and CIF are all contracts of shipment.

(6) The nature of delivery is the same. According to three trade terms: FOB, CFR and CIF, the nature of the transaction belongs to symbolic goods.

Second, the difference between FOB, CFR and CIF trade terms

The difference between these three trade terms is mainly manifested in the different responsibilities and expenses borne by buyers and sellers. FOB terms of trade: the buyer is responsible for chartering, booking space and paying freight; For CFR and CIF trade terms, the seller is responsible for chartering, booking and paying freight; Under CIF trading conditions, the seller should also handle freight insurance and payment insurance.

Considering the application of the three trade terms from the perspective of the whole country, focusing on the three trade terms can make the country get the greatest benefit.

We analyze this from two aspects of trade: first, the exporter is responsible for the transportation and insurance costs of CIF trade terms. For the convenience of business, exporters will choose their own freight companies to transport goods. Similarly, in the event of a risk event within the scope of insurance, exporters will still choose domestic insurance companies to insure the goods in order to get timely claims.

Under the export business, exporters will promote the development of domestic transportation and insurance and maximize the overall interests of the country. Under the export business, based on the national point of view, the orders we choose are CIF, CFR and FOB. Export corresponds to import, so as far as import is concerned, the order we choose is FOB, CFR and CIF.

Similarities:

1. The applicable mode of transportation is the same: water transport.

2. The boundary of risk division is the same: the ship at the port of shipment.

That is, FOB = CFR = CIF in terms of risks borne by the seller or the buyer.

3. Same place of delivery: on board the ship at the port of shipment.

The person in charge of import and export formalities is the same: the export formalities are handled by the seller and the import formalities are handled by the buyer.

Difference:

Responsibilities (transportation, insurance, import and export procedures, etc.). ) and the expenses borne by the buyer and the seller (expenses related to the above responsibilities) are different. That is, FOB buyer is responsible for sea freight and insurance premium, CIF seller is responsible for sea freight and insurance premium, CFR buyer is responsible for insurance premium, and seller is responsible for sea freight.

As for the responsibilities and expenses borne by the seller: CIF & gtCFR & gt FOB price.

FOB= = cost price

CFR = FOB+freight

CIF=CFR+ insurance premium

Briefly describe the similarities and differences of three trade terms cif cfr fob, and what are the similarities and differences of three trade terms cif, cfr and fob? CIF, CFR and FOB are similar in that they are only applicable to sea or water transport.

The difference between the three lies in the difference in cost and risk-

FOB means delivery on board the ship at the port of shipment, and the seller bears all risks and expenses before the goods are shipped;

CFR is based on FOB, and the seller also bears the freight from the port of shipment to the port of destination, that is, CFR=FOB+ freight;

CIF is based on CFR plus insurance, that is, CIF=CFR+ insurance =FOB+ freight+insurance.

Briefly describe the similarities and differences between "old three" trade terms and "new three" trade terms.

It can be seen that FCA, CPT and CIP are developed from three traditional terms: FOB, CFR and CIF, and their principles of responsibility division are the same, but there are also differences, mainly in the following aspects:

1. The application method is different. FOB, CFR and CIF are only applicable to ocean and inland waterway transportation, and their carriers are generally limited to shipping companies. FCA, CPT and CIP are not only suitable for sea transportation and inland transportation, but also suitable for single transportation of various modes of transportation such as land transportation and air transportation, as well as multimodal transportation combined with two or more different modes of transportation. The carrier can be a shipping company, a railway authority, an airline or a joint transport operator who arranges multimodal transport.

2. The delivery place and the risk transfer place are different. The delivery point of "Type III" is the "ship's rail" of the loading port, and when the goods cross the "ship's rail" of the loading port, the risk is also transferred from the seller to the buyer; The delivery location of the "new three types" depends on different modes of transportation and different agreements. It can be on the means of transport provided by the carrier where the seller is located, on the transport station of railway, highway, aviation, inland river, maritime carrier or multimodal transport carrier, or on the delivery tool of the seller at its receiving point. As for the risk of loss or damage to the goods, it is also transferred to the buyer when the seller hands over the goods to the carrier.

3. The cost is different. In the FOB contract of chartering transportation, it should be clear who bears the loading expenses, and in the CFR and CIF contracts of chartering transportation, it should be clear who bears the unloading expenses. In FCA terms, if the seller delivers the goods at his place, the loading fee shall be borne by the seller. However, in the CPT and CIP contracts, the freight paid by the seller actually includes the loading and unloading expenses, so there is no question of who will bear the loading and unloading expenses.

4. Different transport documents. Under the "old three-sample" trade term, the on-board bill of lading submitted is a certificate of ownership. Under the conditions of FCA, CPT and CIP, the submitted transport documents depend on different modes of transport. For example, under the modes of railway, road and air transport, railway waybill, road waybill and air waybill should be provided respectively, and the latter is often not a certificate of ownership.

Similarities and differences of three trade terms fob, cif and cfr

Is a trade term that only applies to transportation.

The main difference lies in their respective risk scope and cost burden.

Of course, FOB means that the seller bears all the expenses before the goods cross the ship's rail at the designated port of shipment, as well as the taxes and fees for nuclear export declaration. The most important thing is to send the shipping advice in time so that the buyer can insure it. It is also a relatively easy way for sellers, but this way is not very active and easy to expose costs. Freight insurance, chartering and booking shipping space are all the buyer's business.

Under cif conditions, the seller is responsible for paying freight and insurance, special vessel and all expenses before customs clearance. Imagine that if you are familiar with insurance companies in business, you may have a lot of room for manoeuvre in scrapping, so you have to be familiar with the procedures.

Cfr is now called c & ampf, which stands for cost plus freight. When using this trade term, the most important thing to pay attention to is that the shipping notice must be sent in time. If the seller fails to give timely notice, the risks encountered by the goods at sea shall be borne by the seller.

How to compare the three trade terms FOB, CFR and CIF? I analyzed the comparison of FCA, CPT and CIP with FOB, CFR and CIF. See for yourself whether it helps (1). They are all symbolic goods, and the corresponding sales contract is the delivery contract. (2) The exporter is responsible for export declaration and the importer is responsible for import declaration; (3) The transportation and insurance responsibilities undertaken by the buyer and the seller are corresponding, that is, FCA and FOB are the same, CPT and CFR are the same, and the seller is responsible for transportation and insurance. Answer: ABCDE, you can look up 13 trade terms for other questions. I have encountered such a problem. This paper analyzes all the differences in delivery place, risk transfer boundary, freight premium, export declaration fee/import declaration fee, FOB, buyer, seller, CFR, buyer, seller, CFI, buyer, seller, buyer and water transportation of port goods across the ship's rail.

Adopt it

Please briefly describe the freight under FOB CFR CIF terms of trade. FOB does not include freight, CFR: only includes freight, CIF freight and insurance.

The * * of the three trade terms FOB, CFR and CIF is (). C the demarcation point of risk division is the same.

Spread all over the ship's rail

Price terms are unique to foreign trade. Because it is impossible for us to pay face-to-face with customers and deliver goods face to face, we always have to transport them long distances, so there will be various transportation costs. Of course, these expenses should be taken into account when calculating the price. According to the different delivery places and methods, the freight and miscellaneous fees are naturally different, so we have stipulated some terms to express different delivery methods to measure the price.

In international trade, it is customary to use ports and docks as delivery places, so there are three main price terms:

1. China wharf: the term is FOB. For example, if the goods are agreed to be delivered at Shanghai Port, it is called FOBSHANGHAI. In this way, in addition to the value of the goods themselves, you have to add the freight for transporting the goods to the Shanghai terminal, the customs declaration and export fees and the miscellaneous fees incurred on the Shanghai terminal, which is the total cost price. FOB is the most basic price. Simple formula: FOB= price, domestic freight plus miscellaneous fees.

2. Delivery at foreign docks: This term is called CN. For example, an agreement to ship goods at new york Port in the United States is called CNFNEWYORK. In this way, in addition to the FOB price, the freight and miscellaneous expenses of the goods shipped to new york, USA are added. Simple formula: CNF = offshore freight.

3. Deliver goods at foreign docks, and at the same time buy insurance for the goods to avoid damage on the way: the term is CIF. Similarly, both parties agree that the goods in new york Port will be called CIFNEWYORK. This way is to add a little insurance premium on the basis of CNF price. How much is the insurance premium? It is decided by the insurance company, which varies slightly according to the type of goods and the place of delivery. Call the insurance company and tell them the type, value and destination of your goods, and they will tell you how much the insurance premium needs.