Characteristics of 16th and 17th Century English Literature, in both English and Chinese, please. Urgent.

IV. The Renaissance (16th century) The Renaissance

(Greek and Roman) drama drama poetry canto

The term Renaissance originally indicated a revival of classical (Greek and Roman) arts and sciences.

The term Renaissance originally indicated a revival of classical arts and sciences in England.

The epoch of Renaissance witnessed a particular development of English drama

The Renaissance also saw a rapid development of English drama.

1. key work: humanism Humanism: admire human beauty and human achievement

2. representative characters:

1), Thomas More Thomas More. Thomas More Utopia

2), Francis Bacon Francis Bacon, the first essayist (Bacon). Bacon, Francis Bacon, the first essayist

3) Thomas Wyatt, Thomas Wyatt, introduced the sonnet. Thomas Wyatt first to introduce the sonnet

sonnet: form of poetry intricately rhymed in 14 lines iambic pentameter

4), Edmund Spenser poet's poet. Edmund Spenser poet's poet(诗人中的诗人) The Fairy Queen《仙后》(epic poem 史诗)

5), Christopher Marlowe Christopher Marlowe. Marlowe

blank verse (unrhymed body: five-step iambic pentameter that does not rhyme) is the main form of expression in sixteenth-century English drama.

6), William Shakespeare William Shakespeare drama

7), William Shakespeare, William Shakespeare, William Shakespeare. Shakespeare drama drama

Four major tragedies: Hamlet (Hamlet), Othello (Othello), King Lear (King Lear), The Tragedy of Macbeth (Macbeth)

Five, the period of Revolution and Restoration (17th century). Restoration (17th century) bourgeois revolution and restoration of kingship

prose prose

1. Literary characteristics: the Puritans believed in simplicity of life, disapproved of the sonnets and the love poetry, breaking up of old ideals.

The Puritans believed in simplicity of life, disapproved of the sonnets and the love poetry, breaking up of old ideals.

2. Representatives:

1), John Donne John. Donne "metaphysical" poets (metaphysical poets) representative

sonnet sonnet sonnet "Death be not proud" (notes)

Works characteristics: ① strike the reader in Donne's extraordinary frankness and penetrating. 's extraordinary frankness and penetrating realism.)

② novelty of subject matter and point (新颖的题材和视角)

③ novelty of its form.

2), John Milton John Milton a great poet. Milton a great poet poet (poem poetry blank verse )

"Defense for the English People"

"Paradise Lost "Paradise Lost "Satan is not a villain "Satan is not a villain"

Paradise Regained

), John Bunyan a great prose writer "who is not a villain. John Bunyan a great prose writer "give us the only great allegory"

Pilgrim's Progress prose

The book is written in the style of "Satan is not a bad man"

Paradise Regained

). The book is written "written in the old-fashioned, medieval form of allegory and dream"

VI. Enlightenment (18th century) The Enlightenment

prose prose

1. Emphasized formality or correctness of style, to write prose like Addison, or verse like Pope.

Emphasized formality or correctness of style, to write prose like Addison, or verse like Pope.

The Enlightenment was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism.

The Enlightenment was in fact a form of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeoisie against backward feudalism.

The Enlightenment was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeoisie against feudalism.

The enlighteners repudiate the false religious doctrines about the viciousness of human nature, and prove that man is born kind and honest, and if he becomes depraved, it is the only one who has the right to be. he becomes depraved, it is only due to the influence of corrupted social environment.

The enlighteners repudiate the false religious doctrines about the viciousness of human nature, and prove that man is born kind and honest, and if he becomes depraved, it is only due to the influence of corrupted social environment. .

Contrary to all reasoning, social injustice still held strong, found the power of reason to be insufficient, and therefore appealed to sentiment as a means of achieving happiness and social justice.

Contrary to all reasoning, social injustice still held strong, found the power of reason to be insufficient, and therefore appealed to sentiment as a means of achieving happiness and social justice. Therefore appealed to sentiment as a means of achieving happiness and social justice.

2, 18th century three aspects of literature:

Classicism (classicism), revival of romantic poetry (emerging romantic poetry), beginnings of the modern novel (just start budding modernist novels)

3, representative characters:

1), Daniel Defoe Daniel Defoe realistic novel realistic novel. Defoe realistic novel realistic novel

Novel: "Robinson Crusoe" Robinson Crusoe "Jonathan Wild" Jonathan Wild. Jonathan Wild Moll Flanders

Novel.

2), Henry Fielding Henry Fielding father of modern fiction. Henry Fielding father of modern fiction (现代小说之父)

"Joseph Andrews" Joseph Andrews was inspired by Richardson. Joseph Andrews inspired by Richardson's Pamphlet

Differences between writers: Richardson -- no humor, minces words, moralizes. -- direct, vigorous, hilarious, and coarse to the point of vulgarity, full of animal spirits, tells the story of a vagabond life -- direct, vigorous, hilarious, and coarse to the point of vulgarity, full of animal spirits, tells the story of a vagabond.

The History of Tom Jones, a foundling. The History of Tom Jones, a foundling the best novel of him

3), Jonathan Swift Jonathan Swift. Swift

"Gulliver's Travels" novel irony

Characteristics of the work: no visible sign of anger, nor raising the voice; the tone is cold, restrained , ironic, varied only by

Characteristics of the work: no visible sign of anger, nor raising the voice; the tone is cold, restrained, ironic, varied only by some flashes of fooling when Swift's sense of the ridiculour gets the better of him.

No visible sign of anger, nor raising the voice; the tone is cold, restrained

Nu not face, scolding not voice, tone cold, sharp hidden, irony spicy, only in the irony of the feeling can not be suppressed only occasional derision.

A Modest Proposal

4), Samuel Richardson Samuel Richardson.

The method of psychological analysis

In the form of letters

5), Richard B. Sheridan Richard B. Sheridan

School for Scrutiny

A Modest Proposal

A Modest Proposal

4).

School for Scandal, a comedy

6), Oliver Goldsmith's Oliver Goldsmith's essay. Goldsmith's Prose writer essayist

The Vicar of Wakefield, novel

She Stoops to Conquer, rollicking comedy

The Deserted Village, a deserted village, a comedy

The Deserted Village》荒村，诗歌 poems

4、Sentimentalism sentimentalism no belief 没有信仰

The representatives of sentimentalism continued to struggle against feudalism but they vaguely sensed at the same time the contradictions of bourgeois progress that brought with it enslavement and ruin to the

Representatives of sentimentalism continued to struggle against feudalism but they vaguely sensed at the same time the contradictions of bourgeois progress that brought with it enslavement and ruin to the people.

The representative of sentimentalism: Thomas Gray. The Romantic Period (1798-1832) Romanticism

Prose prose

1, the former Romanticism representative: William Blake William Blake, poet

1. Blake poet poet

Robert Burns Robert Burns. Burns Scottish poet poet

Pre-Romanticism was greatly influenced by the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution

Pre-Romanticism greatly influenced the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution.

2. Educational significanceEducational: liberty, equality and fraternity Liberty, equality, fraternity

3. Sign of the beginning: beginning with the publication of William Wordsworth 's "Lyrical Ballads"

From the publication of William Wordsworth's "Lyrical Ballads"

From the publication of William Wordsworth's Wordsworth poet-laureate (Poet Laureate)

"The Prelude" Prelude Autobiographical poetry

With S.T. Coleridge, they jointly published the "Lyrical Ballads". With S.T. coleridge, they jointly published the "Lyrical Ballads"

Characteristics of the work: simplicity and purity of the language, fighting against the conventional forms of the 18th century poetry

With S.T. coleridge, they jointly published the "Lyrical Ballads". forms of the 18th century poetry

Simplicity and purity of the language, fighting against the conventional forms of the 18th century poetry

2), Lord Byron Byron "Childe Harold Pilgrimage" Childe Harold? 2)、Lord Byron Byron 《Childe Harold Pilgrimage》Childe Harold cantos 诗章 Famous work 《Don Juan》Don Juan poem poem satiric masterpiece Satiric masterpiece 《Hours of Idleness》Idle Moments poem poem the first volume of poem 第三)、Percy Bysshe Shelley 《Prometheus Unbound》Liberation of the World》Prometheus Unbound》. Prometheus Unbound" Prometheus Unbound drama drama "Ode to the West Wind" poem poem 4), John Keats poet poet "The Eve of St. Agnes" poem "On a Greeian Urn" poem "To a Nightingale" poem "To a Nightingale" poem "On a Greeian Urn" poem "To a Nightingale" poem "To a Nightingale" poem "To a Nightingale" poem "To a Nightingale" poem "To a Nightingale" poem "To a Nightingale" poem poem "To a Nightingale" poem "Beauty is truth, truth beauty". He is the creator and a great master of the historical novel. 6), Jane Austen Jane Austen. Jane Austen Jane Austen female Pride and Prejudice Pride and Prejudice Sense and Sensibility Sense and Sensibility Emma Emma Characteristics of the writing: the love-making of her young people, though serious and sympathetic, is subdued by humor to the ordinary subdued by humor to the ordinary plane of emotion on which most of us live. She was the founder of the novel which deals with unimportant middleclass people. She was the founder of the novel which deals with unimportant middleclass people. 7), Charles Lamb Charles Lamb. Lamb essayist essayist 6. Characteristics of nineteenth-century essays: In the first of these two periods Addison and Steele socialized the essay, so to speak; they brought it into everyday life and In the first of these two periods Addison and Steele socialized the essay, so to speak; they brought it into everyday life and made it familiar and delightful to the multitude. Early in the nineteenth century it became more definitely a means of intimate self-expression. In the early nineteenth century, prose became more and more certain of self-expression

VIII. Critical Realism Critical Realism , Victorian Period humanism Humanism

1. Significance: Chartism signified the first great political movement of the proletariat in English history. In English history, Chartism signified the first great political movement of the proletariat in English history. 2, representative characters: 1), Charles Dickens Dickens Hard Times Hard Times The Pickwick Papers The Pickwick Papers The Misty Orphans A Tale of Two Cities (describes the French Revolution) A Tale of Two Cities (describes the French Revolution) Features: describing the misery and sufferings of common people. 2) Charlotte Bronte Charlotte Bronte. Bronte 女 《Shirley》雪利 《Jane Eyre》简. Emily Bronte Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights 《Wuthering Heights》Wuthering Heights (main character: Mr. Heathcliff) Features: brought to the novel an introspection and an intense concentration on the inner life of emotion which before them had been the province of poetry alone. 3), Mrs. Gaskell 《Mary Barton, North and South》Mary. 3) Mrs. Gaskell Mary Barton, North and South 4) William Makepeace Thackeray Vanity Fair - this title was borrowed by Thackeray from The Pilgrim's Progress by Bunyan. Progress by Bunyan. Thackeray draws a broad panorama of social life in his novel, ruthlessly criticizing money worship, cruelty and unscrupulousness. in Thackeray draws a broad panorama of social life in his novel, ruthlessly criticizing money worship, cruelty and unscrupulousness. Characters: Rebecca Sharp - a perfect embodiment of the spirit of Vanity Fair as her only aspiration in life is to gain wealth and position by and means. The only aspiration in life is to be in Vanity Fair as her only aspiration in life is to gain wealth and position by and means. Characteristics: novels mainly contain a satirical portrayal of the upper strata of society. novels are a satirical portrayal of upper society. 5), George Eliot George Eliot. Eliot 女 《Adam Bede》novel 《The mill on the floss》《Middlemarch》 Her preoccupation was always with the serious consideration of the moral position of the individual in the universe, but her psychological insight into the development of character. Character: the significance of G. Eliot's work lies in the portrayal of the pettiness and stagnancy of English provincial life The significance of Eliot's writing lies in the portrayal of the pettiness and stagnancy of English Poet Laureate: 1) Alfred Tennyson 2) Robert Browning My last duchess Jealousy Stingy Contribution: Dramatic monologues Dramatic lyrics Dramatic lyrics Dramatic monologues Dramatic lyrics Dramatic lyrics Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Dramatic monologues Monologues dramatic lyrics dramatic lyrics dramatic romances dramatic legends

9. The transition from 19th to 20th century in English literature 19th to 20th century in English literature

1, Aestheticism 唯美主义 "art for art's sake" 为艺术而艺术 2、代表人物。1)、Thomas Hardy 悲观主义者 Pessimists 《Tess of the D 'Urbervilles' Tess 'Jude the obscure' Jude novel Characteristics: His career is thus divided sharply between his Victorian novels and his post-Victorian poetry. His career is thus divided sharply between his Victorian novels and his post-Victorian poetry. 2), Oscar Wilde "art for art's sake" 3), George Bernard Shaw playwright (playwright) Mrs. Bennett (playwright) (playwright) "Mrs. Warren's profession" Mrs. Warren's profession 4), D. H. Lawrence "Lady Chatterley's Lover" Lady Chatterley's Lover "The Rainbow" The Rainbow Sons and lovers 》Sons and lovers 》3、"stream of consciousness 》Stream of consciousness representative characters：1)、Virginia Woolf 《Mrs. Dalloway》 《A Room of One's Own》 Woolf was the most famous writer in the world. s Own" Woolf was much concerned with the position of women. 2) James Joyce "Ulysses"