How to overcome the excessive centralization of government management system

Excessive centralization has brought various disadvantages, the most important of which are as follows: 1. Reduce the quality of decision. In a highly centralized organization, with the expansion of the organization scale, the top managers of the organization are far away from the grassroots, and problems at the grassroots level can only be reported after asking for instructions, which not only affects the correctness of decision-making, but also affects the timeliness of decision-making. 2. Reduce the adaptability of the organization. Organizations in a dynamic environment must constantly adjust according to the changes of various factors in the environment. An overly centralized organization may make all departments lose the ability of self-adaptation and self-adjustment, thus weakening the overall adaptability of the organization. 3. It is not conducive to arouse the enthusiasm of subordinates. Due to high centralization, almost all decision-making power is concentrated in the top management. In this way, middle and lower managers become pure executors, without decision-making, discourse and autonomy. In the long run, their enthusiasm, creativity and initiative will be erased, their enthusiasm for work will disappear and their concern for the organization will weaken. 4, hinder the exchange of information in a highly centralized organization, because there are multi-level management levels between the decision-making level, that is, the top management level and the middle and lower executive units, the information transmission route is long and there are many links, which makes the exchange of information more difficult and difficult to reach the next situation. Centralization and decentralization are mainly relative concepts. Centralization refers to the concentration of decision-making power to a higher level in the organizational system. In organizational management, centralization and decentralization are relative, and absolute centralization or decentralization is impossible. To measure the degree of centralization or decentralization of an organization, there are mainly the following criteria: 1, decision number. The more decisions made by lower management levels in an organization, the higher the degree of decentralization; On the contrary, the greater the number of upper-level decisions, the higher the degree of centralization. 2. Scope of decision-making. The wider the scope of lower-level decision-making in an organization and the more functions involved, the higher the degree of decentralization. On the contrary, the wider the scope of upper-level decision-making, the more functions involved and the higher the degree of centralization. 3. The importance of decision-making. If the decisions made by the lower levels in the organization are more important and influential, the higher the degree of decentralization; On the contrary, if the decisions made by subordinates are less important and less influential, the degree of centralization will be higher. 4. Degree of decision control. The lower the decision-making level made by the lower levels in the organization, the higher the degree of decentralization; If the superior doesn't ask for an audit of the decision of the subordinate at all, then the degree of decentralization is the greatest; If you must report to your superiors immediately after making a decision, the degree of decentralization will be smaller; If you have to consult your superiors before you can make a decision, the degree of decentralization will be even smaller. The fewer people need instructions or notes when making decisions at lower levels, the greater the degree of decentralization.