How the water plant production management

A few questions about the pump room l, water pump grille cleaning. In the ground water as a source of water in the water plant pumping pumps often suction pipe inlet grating blockage caused by the phenomenon of reduced water output, due to the impact of the detection of instrumentation and piping arrangement, the pumping pumping volume is generally difficult to determine the reduction in the operation of the ammeter often rely on the observation of the number of readings to determine. As the riverbed water level is constantly changing, pump conditions with the increase in operating hours have also changed, and thus the ammeter readings are also variable, and the blockage of the grille is also gradually formed, a combination of factors, the pumping process in the absence of ammeter readings decreased significantly, the reduction in the pumping volume of the pump generally can not be detected in a timely manner, resulting in an increase in pumping power consumption. In order to avoid this situation, we believe that should be based on the actual number of local raw water floaters, according to a certain period of time to clean up the grille: at least once a year to clean up is good, at the same time should be established in a variety of water levels, a variety of working conditions under the pump current readings archives; and to strengthen the management of the operating personnel and so on. 2, raw water pipeline cleaning. A pump room suction, pressure water pipe and other source water delivery pipeline, often adsorbed with more water organisms. With the increase of adsorption of organisms, the pipe wall roughness gradually increased, the water cross section gradually reduced, pipe head loss increased, pumping power consumption increased. For this situation must be taken regularly to clean up biological measures; agent commonly used bleach, specifically: bleach dissolved into a certain concentration of solution, put into the pump suction pipe inlet or pump inlet, the amount of input to the reaction (clarification) pool inlet water samples of residual chlorine value up to 1.5 - 2.0 control, poisoned over a period of not less than 24 hours, poisoned to clean up the general in the dry season. 3, pump packing box, packing In order to ensure the seal between the rotor and stator and keep the packing wet when the water pump is running, the operation regulations stipulate that the packing box only allows continuous dripping phenomenon, in order to meet the requirements of the regulations, when the pump is running for a certain period of time, when there is a large leakage of the packing box, the operation of the workers' work is generally for the re-tightening of packing gland, and only when there is a single tightening of the packing gland can not meet the regulation requirements, then replace the packing, which is very important, and then replace the packing, which is very important. When the packing gland can not meet the requirements of the regulations, and then replace the packing, this is very unscientific, because the packing for the return of water by the water ring back to the wetting, the installation position of the water ring requirements must be accurate. When the operator and then tighten the packing gland, back to the ring by the packing pressure will deviate from the original position, at the same time, packing will block the pump back to the mouth of the water pipe, resulting in can not return to the water, packing sintering, sleeve accelerated wear phenomenon, the correct method should be when the packing box appears to have a large leakage phenomenon, immediately replace the packing, should not be tightening the packing gland. At the same time must establish a regular pump uncovering inspection system, in order to replace the internal damage to the packing and correction of the return ring in a timely manner. 4, the promotion of energy-saving equipment A considerable part of the water plant, due to a variety of reasons, water supply and demand imbalance, resulting in long-term high water supply pressure, the surplus head is quite large, a large waste of electrical energy. Again, from the water plant's operating conditions, non-speed control units, the unevenness of the water supply is not quite compatible, when the water supply is reduced, the pump's operating point may be shifted by the high efficiency of the operating point. At this time, the efficiency of the pump has decreased, in general, the rated operating point of the pump operation, the efficiency is the highest, if the machine pump using the speed control operation method, due to its equal efficiency characteristics, then the working point is still in the high-efficiency zone. At the same time, after speed regulation, running water pressure is reduced, can save a lot of power consumption. Therefore, in the secondary pumping station to play a role in regulating the pump unit installed on the frequency conversion speed control device will be an effective measure to reduce water supply power consumption. Frequency conversion speed control device although energy-saving effect is good, but its initial investment is quite large, in the economic strength does not allow the premise of constant current soft starting equipment is not a better energy-saving equipment, the equipment through the detection of motor voltage, current and other physical quantities, input to a specific analysis, calculation of the current, the use of the results of the motor to automatically adjust the power factor, so that the motor in the case of load changes, always run in the high-efficiency region. The motor will always run in the high efficiency area under load change. Constant-current soft starter has the following advantages: (1) high cost-effective only equivalent to the price of the same capacity of the auto-root voltage-reducing starter, and has all the functions of the auto-root voltage-reducing starter, the difference is that the device is a soft starter, the impact on the grid is small. (2) There is a certain energy-saving effect According to our test, the energy-saving rate of the device is about 5%, although it is not as good as the frequency converter governor, but in terms of the initial investment, its price is only 1/10 of the frequency converter governor, which is undoubtedly very attractive. Second, the mixing of flocculation, precipitation (clarification) process of several issues 1, in general The mixing of coagulants must be a high-intensity instantaneous mixing, the requirements of the G value of a larger, smaller T value, but due to the design of the structure of the maximum daily water supply plus the plant's water consumption, when the amount of treated water is lower than the average daily amount of water, mixing the required G value can be met, should be based on certain test parameters, such as the value of the loss of water head, Flocculation pool at the beginning of the formation of alum, etc. to determine, in order to ensure that the coagulant role to give full play to reduce the cost of water purification. Different coagulants require different mixed flocculation conditions, the application should be treated separately, I have encountered this situation in production practice: the coagulant used at the time of ferrous sulfate chloride, in high turbidity source water, the structure is running at full capacity, flocculation, sedimentation effect is good. However, when the source water turbidity is low, especially when it is not running at full capacity, the consumption of water purification agent rises, and the working cycle of the filter tank is shortened. In view of the instrumentation problems, did not do a detailed analysis, but by doing a simple mixing test analysis, this situation is mainly ferrous sulfate chloride viscosity is higher, the ratio of significant, and the actual mixing flocculation G value is low, resulting in inadequate mixing, a considerable part of the water purification agent can not give full play to its role, resulting in precipitation tank water color is higher, with the water flowing into the filter tank to be retained, adhesion on the surface of the filter media, filtration head loss The head loss of filtration grows faster, and the working period of the filtering tank is shortened, therefore, we take the coagulant dosing point from the mixed flocculation tank inlet forward 5Om to the pipeline, additional pipeline mixing method, improve the G-value, and strengthen the mixing effect, which proves that in the case of the same quality of the water from the precipitation tank, the amount of water purification agent dosing decreased by about 40%. 2, the improvement of flocculation General old water plant flocculation pool form: vertical flow plate flocculation pool, perforated cyclone flocculation pool, reciprocating or rotating plate flocculation pool, these forms of flocculation time are in 20 - 3Omin, with a large potential for digging capacity. In order to improve the water treatment capacity of water treatment structures, these forms of flocculation tanks can be considered to transform into a standard grid, grid flocculation tank and folding plate flocculation tank. Standard grid, grid flocculation pool is mainly designed to meet the flocculation process at various stages of the different energy demand values and is generally divided into 3 - 4 sections. High-intensity instantaneous mixing is an important prerequisite for efficient flocculation, and the performance of flocculation device is required to achieve uniform dispersion of energy, slow turbulence of the segments to achieve multiple thixotropy and alumina dense effect. Pool structure and traditional methods of designing pool type has a big difference, mainly in: (1) flocculation pool does not flow rate decreasing to design the water cross-section size, the average flow rate is always the same, only rely on different sizes of disturbing components produced by micro-vortex to form a turbulent state, increase the collision chances of increasing the flocculation efficiency, and at the same time, produce a diminishing energy. (2) The average flow rate is vigorously reduced. Folding plate flocculation pool is mainly to use the change of channel section between folding plates, repeatedly change the flow pattern, increase the velocity gradient, promote the particles to collide with each other, in order to improve the flocculation effect. The time required for efficient flocculation is about lOmin, which is more suitable for the transformation of the old water plant. 3, the new grid flocculation pool Standard grid flocculation pool with grid more, more layers, mesh, etc., and according to modern flocculation theory, "reduce the flow rate of the shaft to reduce the number of sub-grids of the reaction pool; with the reduction of the grid aperture size, increase the number of grid holes, to reduce the number of total grid layers of the flocculation pool," the idea of the establishment of a new type of grid flocculation pool compared to the standard grid flocculation pool greatly reduced the volume of the pool, the unit load rate of the pool, and the flocculation effect is very high. The volume of the pool, unit load rate is higher, simplify the structure, save investment, is conducive to the construction of production management, the theoretical basis for its design are: (1) the collision rate between the particles in water is directly proportional to the G-value. (2) The particle size of flocculant is inversely proportional to the G value. In order to improve the flocculation effect, it is necessary to form a large number of flocculating pool water flow and alumina particle size is in the same magnitude of the "micro-vortex". And only under the action of this "micro-vortex" can make the alum flower particles fully collision and growth increase, reduce the size of the grid, and appropriately control the flow rate over the network and the ratio of the shaft flow rate, will be conducive to the formation of a large number of "micro-vortex". Due to the new grid flocculation pool has a higher efficiency, therefore, in small and medium-sized water plants, especially in the structure of the potential transformation is more suitable. 4, sedimentation (clarification) pool sedimentation (clarification) the improvement of the mud effect directly affects the effect of sedimentation (clarification) the efficiency of the process. The old plant sedimentation (clarification) pool common way to discharge mud mainly small bucket and perforated pipe discharge two kinds of mud, in the small bucket discharge, often a mud pipe connected to a number of mud buckets, due to the flow line is larger, the mud bucket between the discharge of mud there is a pressure difference, easily caused by the mud pipe in front of the tandem mud buckets discharge of mud is completed to start discharging water, after the section of the mud buckets of sludge can not be discharged away from the phenomenon, in order to avoid this phenomenon, the design of a small bucket discharge way when In order to avoid this phenomenon, when designing the small bucket discharge method, the number of buckets connected in series with each sludge discharge pipe should not be too many, and it is better to have two buckets or less. And in the old pool renovation due to the structural impact, generally not easy to increase the mud pipe, at this time can be considered in each of the small hopper discharge outlet retrofitted with hydraulic nozzles, the use of water jets suction principle, the balance of the bucket between the mud pressure difference, auxiliary sludge discharge, so that although it increases a certain degree of work intensity, but as long as in the discharge of mud one by one to open the nozzles pressure water control valves, the effect of the discharge of sludge is guaranteed, in the case of the conditions allow, the most ideal! Discharge of sludge, should be the use of mechanical siphon (pump suction) discharge mode, perforated sludge pipe discharge mode due to the set of sludge distance is relatively short, it is difficult to discharge sludge completely, and sludge pipe, set of sludge orifice is very easy to block, at this time, can be reversed to connect the pressure of water for dredging, and at the same time, can be considered to be connected to the pipe outside of the pool and the use of pumps to force the discharge of sludge.