There are too many differences between the representative houses in China and their adaptation to the local geographical environment.

There are gullies, river banks and flat dams in southern Shaanxi. According to the terrain, raw materials and other conditions, residents have built various residential buildings. Traditional houses include stone houses, bamboo houses, diaojiao buildings, three-way houses and quadrangles.

Stone houses: Most of them are built in mountainous areas, and Zhenba, Ankang and Xixiang mountainous areas are very common. As the name implies, stone houses are made of stones. Usually, the back wall is close to the cliff, and the three sides are made of stone, and the roof wooden frame is covered with oilleaf slate. Stone houses are weatherproof and rainproof, and the cost is low.

Bamboo log cabin: the walls are logs, with doors and windows. The roof is made of bamboo on wooden beams, and then covered with bamboo strips and Polygonum leaves. Someone put wood on the beam, covered it with dense bamboo, and then pasted it with gypsum to form a top floor with a fireplace for baking and storing food. Bamboo and wood houses are mostly built in Mabian and mountainous depressions, and are common in mountainous areas such as Nanzheng, Ningqiang and Chenggu.

Diaojiaolou: Most of them are built in market towns along the Yangtze River. The diaojiao building is supported by wooden stakes or stones, the shelves are paved with floors, and the walls are painted with wooden boards or bamboo rafts. Tile or thatch the roof. The window of the diaojiao building faces the river, so it is also called Wangjiang Building. Diaojiaolou is the development of ancient nesting.

Sanhe Courtyard and Siheyuan: It is more common in Pingba Town. Sanheyuan has three main rooms, with a hall in the middle and 2-3 wing rooms in the east and west. The eaves in front of the main house extend outward and can be used for eating and resting. The wing is smaller than the main room, with walls at both ends and the middle of the wall facing south. Siheyuan is composed of a main room, a wing and a gatehouse, with a courtyard in the middle, which is more exquisite than Sanhe Courtyard. Sanhe and Siheyuan are made of adobe, masonry and wood, with doors facing south. Avoid facing the west. With the development of local economy, there are more and more rural brick houses and urban buildings.

Beijing folk houses

Siheyuan is a traditional residence in Beijing and even North China. Its basic feature is that houses and courtyards are symmetrically arranged according to the north-south central axis, facing south, and the gate is generally opened in the southeast corner. There is a screen wall inside the door, so outsiders can't see the activities in the yard. The main room is located on the central axis, with side wing and left and right wing. The principal room is the living room of the elders, and the wing room is for the younger generation. This solemn layout also embodies the orthodox and rigorous traditional character of the people in North China. Beijing has a warm temperate and semi-humid continental monsoon climate, with little snow in winter and heavy sandstorm in spring. Therefore, the residential design pays attention to heat preservation, cold protection, wind protection and sand avoidance, and is surrounded by brick walls. The whole yard is surrounded by houses and walls, hard gable roofs, thick walls and roofs.

Datulou

Datulou is a circular building inhabited by Hakkas in western Fujian, China. Generally, there are three or four floors, and the highest is six floors, including the yard, which can accommodate more than 50 households. There are halls, warehouses, barns, wells and other public houses in the hospital. This kind of house is very defensive. Hakka created a unique architectural form to protect their own survival, which is still in use today; Such as Hakka ancient dwellings-He Ziyuan's former residence, Sijiaolong Xinhai site, etc.