Want to know something about this instrument ~ ~ ~

As a new musical instrument, the author became interested in it as soon as he saw it, and wrote the article Bamboo, which was published in the April 2000 issue of Chinese Musical Instrument Information. I am interested in bamboo, not only because of its unique timbre and deep range, which can play an irreplaceable role in national bands, but more importantly, bamboo plays an important role in the research of wind instrument music acoustics. At this point, I will write an article "Improper classification of" open pipe "and" closed pipe "for analysis. This paper only discusses how to improve the production of bamboo rafts. Zhu Bi was invented by Zhou Shourong, a farmer musician in northern Jiangsu. In his letter to the author, Zhou Shourong talked about his efforts to improve and standardize bamboo raft production. The author thinks that Zhou Shourong used "extraordinary thinking" when he invented the bamboo urn, but now it is obviously difficult to standardize the production of bamboo urn with ordinary thinking. The timbre of the bamboo urn is similar to that of the urn, which is the knowledge of all who hear it. It is easier to master than Tao Xun, and its range is the lowest among the wind instruments that can play melody at present, and its range is wider than that of Tao Xun, so it has good affinity with our national instruments and strong penetration. Therefore, it will definitely play a certain role in national bands. As for the pitch of bamboo, D is eight degrees lower than Qu Di, G is eight degrees lower than Dong Xiao, and the lowest is eleven degrees lower than Dong Xiao. The length of bamboo in G is only 75cm! Zhou Shourong really contributed to the invention of bamboo rafts. But for such a new musical instrument, it still needs a lot of efforts to be put into practical application in modern national bands. There are several problems with the bamboo raft invented by Zhou Shourong: 1, inaccurate intonation, incomplete melody and inconvenient tuning, so it can't be used for ensemble. 2. Although the timbre is almost the same, it is difficult to play a smooth air-sliding sound of more than two degrees, so it lacks unique expressive force and charm. In order to put bamboo rafts into practical application, someone must make bamboo rafts; The finished product needs to overcome the above shortcomings. After more than a year of research, I have gained some experience, which is explained as follows, hoping to arouse the interest of fans. I made the following changes to the bamboo raft invented by Zhou Shourong; Whether it is progress or not, change is a fact. First, in the production, the head of the original bamboo raft was spliced with the pipe body, and now it is replaced by a flat joint. When docking, not only the contact surface between the head and the pipe body is large, but also it can be bonded more firmly. Moreover, because the glued part is smooth, it is conducive to sound production, and the carcass is relatively large, which is conducive to sound production. Second, the original semi-circular mouthpiece, which is the same as Dong Xiao, is changed into a slightly wider and shallower "V" shape. The advantage of this change is not only to make the bass thicker, but also to use the pitch in the play to blow out a smooth air-sliding sound of more than two degrees. In this way, the effect that pottery can blow out can also be exerted by bamboo. Thirdly, according to the "fork mouth" principle and my own experience in learning "nozzle correction", a group of seven sound holes on the bamboo mound can easily play all twelve tones (that is, twelve semitones) for convenience of modulation. Fourth, the timbre of the cylinder with the bottom hole opened and closed is divided into three degrees. In this way, when the key is installed in the bottom hole, the sound range of the bamboo raft can be extended downward by four to five degrees. 5. Change the original exaggerated sound of 12 degree to 1 1 degree. Over-rendering of 12 degree will bring difficulties to modulation because of the lack of rising do. 1 1 after burning, the melody is complete because of the rising do, so there is no shortage of melody when doing modulation. The bass range of bamboo is its advantage. Take bamboo flute in big G key as an example. If you make this timbre, it is not only difficult to play, but also the volume is obviously too small. Flute player Li Zhen and "Prince of Paixiao" Du Chong became interested in this. During the Spring Festival this year, Du Chong got the big G bamboo urn I promised to make for him, and opened a membrane hole, which was very satisfactory. Originally made by Zhou Shourong, the bamboo cinerary casket had a membrane hole and was named "Yin-Yang flute". The tuning of the big G is made of bamboo, covered with plastic film, and the timbre is very similar to that of bass with plastic film holes, but the timbre is bass, but the pitch of bass is not so low. By the way, Zhou Shourong applied for a patent for the bamboo urn. I would also like to mention here that the bamboo raft I discussed here fully meets the requirements of "utility model" of the bamboo raft invented by Zhou Shourong. Therefore, the author believes that if it is made according to the method introduced here, it will not infringe Zhou Shourong's patent right. Of course, the author has also designed "eight-hole flutes with full holes", "key-hole flutes" and "erhu phoneme fingerboard", but it is not practical to consider applying for a patent. In order to satisfy the wishes of individuals who are interested in making bamboo rafts, the data of bamboo rafts made by the author in D key are listed below for reference. Drum pitch: A(a, 220 Hz); Unit: cm, the inner diameter of the end of the blowing end and the total length of the blowing hole.

Outer diameter, inner diameter, width, height, width and depth 44.50

5.70 4.30 2. 10 0.60 1.30 0.90

First hole, second hole, third hole, fourth hole, fifth hole, sixth hole, seventh hole, eighth hole and ninth hole.

10.00 13.30 15.70 18.70 24. 10 28. 10 29.50 32.30 37.40

This bamboo raft has expanded 1 1 degree. The fingering is relatively simple: the barrel sound is sol, followed by the diatonic scale; If the interval between two adjacent holes is two degrees, pressing the lower hole will become two degrees; The interval between the eighth hole and the ninth hole is three degrees, and the inclination of the ninth hole is reduced by two degrees after pressing the seventh hole and two degrees after pressing the eighth hole. Due to the different conditions of bamboo and different hand shapes, the position of the sound hole can be slightly changed. If you are good at making flutes, you will naturally know the changing rules of sound holes and pitch, but this problem can be explained clearly in thousands of words, so I won't go into details. With the experience of making bamboo slips in D key, it is not difficult to make bamboo slips in G key.