What are the basic characteristics of classical gardens in China?

1. 1 The essential features of China classical gardens are reflected in the following aspects:

1. 1. 1 moshan flooding landscape type

Rural landscape types, which are composed of natural resources such as topography, hydrogeology and native plants, are the constituent elements of the spatial theme of China classical gardens. The exquisite craftsmanship of local materials and the artistic expression of garden landscape are one of the main features of my traditional gardens in China. China's classical gardens emphasize that "although it is made by people, it is natural", "it comes from nature and is higher than nature", and people's understanding and feelings about nature.

1. 1.2 An ideal environment suitable for human settlement

Pursuing the ideal living environment and creating healthy, comfortable, fresh and pleasant microclimate conditions, due to the relatively bad living environment in ancient China, China classical garden landscaping pays great attention to the improvement of microclimate conditions and creates a more comfortable and pleasant environment, such as landscape layout, plant planting and pavilion building. , are based on light and shadow, airflow, temperature and other factors affecting human comfort, forming a comfortable and pleasant ideal living environment.

1. 1.3 cleverly borrows the boundary of the field of vision.

Don't stick to the scope of the courtyard, use the scenery to expand the visual boundary of the space, so that the garden landscape can be linked and echoed with the external natural landscape, and a holistic garden landscape can be created. Whether moving or watching, you can see beautiful scenery and pursue unlimited spatial visual effects.

1. 1.4 Progressive spatial organization

The combination of dynamic and static, the contrast between reality and reality, the connecting link between the preceding and the following, the gradual change of space, the fascinating and gradual change, the garden-style spatial layout principle often divides the whole garden into many spaces with different shapes, scales and personalities, and mixes the elements that make up the space, interlaces and shields each other, and divides nature, mountains and rivers, human landscapes and so on into several sections for display respectively.

1. 1.5 Small, medium and large space effect

Ancient garden artists grasped the typical characteristics of various beautiful scenery in nature, refined and cut them, repeated peaks and valleys in small courtyards, and highlighted the three-dimensional space effect on two-dimensional garden sites. "Build infinite space with limited area". "Big" and "small" are relative, and the key is to "fake the natural scenery, create the true interest of mountains and rivers, and get the artistic conception of gardens".

1. 1.6 charming garden culture

People often use landscape poems and landscape paintings to express their thoughts and artistic conception of pursuing detachment and natural harmony. Classical gardens often express the artistic conception of the landscape through couplets, stone carvings, calligraphy, art, literature, philosophy, music and other forms, thus making the elements of the garden rich in connotation and landscape thickness.

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