Common sense of toka farm

When people see the wheat in Huang Cancan, the first thing they think of is to harvest it quickly.

There is a simple reason. In a few days, the wheat grains will fall off the ears of wheat. If you wait until then, your efforts will be in vain. How do people harvest crops? The ancients harvested wheat with sickles.

In Greek mythology, death holds a scythe in his hand. In fact, the Greek god of death and the traditional agricultural god are the same person. The sickle in the hand of death is the sickle used by people on the farm to harvest crops. The people on the farm piled the cut wheat into a pile, then forked it with big wood and put it on the car, and then transported it to the threshing floor for threshing and drying.

Harvesting crops with sickles is very hard work, but people have been engaged in this work before the emergence of combine harvesters. In 1930s, people invented the combine harvester, which can combine grain harvesting and threshing. As long as you drive the harvester in the field, pieces of wheat will be swallowed into the harvester's stomach and then spit it out.

At present, the automatic combine harvester can harvest crops with a width of 9 meters at a time, and can also manipulate, measure and analyze the harvesting situation through the global positioning system. According to calculation, this has increased the grain harvest productivity by 600 times.

2. How to maintain farm tools with common sense?

If farm tools are not used for a long time, they will inevitably rust and become dull. If they are not maintained in time, these farm tools will not work well in the coming year.

For thousands of years, farmers have not only invented all kinds of farm tools, but also summarized many tips for maintaining them. Look at how they all do it! Newly used farm tools are often stained with dust or dirt. If these dirty things are not removed, farm tools will soon rust. Therefore, before putting the farm tools away, you must wash them carefully, and if possible, you can coat the blade of the farm tools with oil or wax.

Oil and wax can isolate air and water. Without air and water, iron will not rust. However, it does not mean that after cleaning and waxing, it will be fine in the tool room.

If you really want to keep farm tools in the best condition, you should also pay attention to ventilation and moistureproof between tools. If the tool room is always wet, the ironware will rust, and bamboo baskets, willow baskets and the like will also be moldy and decadent.

Generally speaking, if a farmer conscientiously follows the above methods, his farm tools should be in good condition when they are used next time. When it is used next year, farmers often polish the iron, which can not only remove the local rust on the farm tools, but also make the farm tools sharper.

Therefore, the ancients had the saying that "sharpening the knife does not mistake the woodcutter".

3. Where are the farm tools in common sense?

People often say that "if a worker wants to do a good job, he must sharpen his tools first." If a scientist wants to do a good job in research, he must have tools such as a microscope and a flask. Farms mainly manage their own farms and also use various tools, which are farm tools.

When farming, farmers will use tractors, transplanters, harvesters, pumps, sprayers, sickles, shovels and dustpans. Generally, a farm will have a farm tool room. Large machinery can be placed directly on the ground, and small farm tools can be hung on the wall. One is moistureproof, and the other is to save space.

Agricultural machinery and small farm tools should be cleaned up after use and then stored for use next year. Pay attention to safety when storing fuel used by mechanical equipment.

In fact, not all farmers will bother to build a farm tool room for these farm tools, and some farmers will store the farm tools directly in the warehouse. Of course, the premise of storing farm tools in the warehouse is that the warehouse is large enough and has enough space. In addition, farm tools should not be misplaced. We should find an open space in the warehouse and put them together.

4. Knowledge about farms

Farms The farms in China are enterprises and state-owned farms that use machinery for large-scale agricultural production. A farm refers to an agricultural production unit, production organization or production enterprise that focuses on agricultural production or animal husbandry and concurrently engages in various agricultural products and animal husbandry products.

As an enterprise, farms can be owned and operated by individuals, families or communities, or by consortia or companies. The size of the farm ranges from a few acres to hundreds of thousands of hectares. In the United States, farms can be as large as tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of hectares. During the period of Chinese mainland People's Commune (1950s ~ 1980s), the area of a large state-owned farm was equivalent to that of one township or several townships. In the past, the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and the Great Northern Wilderness in Northeast China, which were dominated by large farms, began to change into urban organizational systems in the1990s.

American farm. I hope it helps you.

5. How did the threshing floor come from the common sense of the farm?

For people on the farm, threshing is really an important event of the year.

Threshing is a very hard work, not just threshing millet. To talk about how to thresh, we must first talk about the threshing floor.

In fact, the threshing floor of the farm is temporary. The threshing floor is a big place. Usually, crops are planted. When the millet is ripe, people will put away the crops in the field and level them as a threshing floor. Leveling the threshing floor is a highly technical job, which is usually done by experienced farm workers.

First, dig out the soil in the field and water it. When the soil is half dry and not wet, take a few cows and roll them back and forth on the stone until the threshing floor is flat and can't accumulate water. That's not all. Next, let the land sun for a few days. When tiny cracks appear in the ground, people begin to deal with them.

How to deal with it? It's a bit strange to say-watering the cracks with cow dung. This is because cows grow up eating grass, and their feces contain enough cellulose. Plug up the crack with these things so that it will never crack again. After strictly following the above steps, the construction of the threshing floor is completed.

Then people began to thresh in full swing. With the popularization of combine harvester, the threshing floor gradually lost its function.

6. How to play sorghum on the farm?

Sorghum ears look like reeds, and sorghum seeds are hidden in that big ear. Taking these seeds out is really not a simple matter.

To tell the truth, although many kinds of harvesters have been invented, the effect is not very good for sorghum. Now, let's see how traditional farmers thresh sorghum.

Farmers usually harvest sorghum from the fields first. When harvesting, people will have long thorns as long as they have sorghum ears. After taking it back, people will dry these spiny sorghum ears. It is not until they are completely dry that the sorghum is really threshed.

At this time, you will see several people sitting together, holding sorghum ears in their hands and knocking repeatedly. Such a fall, sorghum seeds will jump out of the shell and hit people's bodies and faces, which makes people itch.

After a few knocks, people will sweep these big sorghum seeds into a pile and pack them, and then deal with the remaining sorghum seeds that are not full on the sorghum ear. A tool will be used in the secondary processing. If I don't tell you, you won't believe what it is.

This is the hoe! Farm workers put the hoe blade on the ground, then sat on the handle of the hoe and scraped off the sorghum seeds left on the sorghum ears with the hoe blade. At this time, the scraped sorghum seeds are generally rotten and often used as feed for chickens and ducks.

Playing sorghum is really a scene full of fun in life. People often get together at night and work while chatting. Small flying insects and sorghum seeds in autumn, just like playing with people, hit people's necks and faces at once.

7. How to harvest cotton on the farm?

Cotton is a very special plant, which can neither be broken off like corn nor harvested in bundles like wheat.

How exactly do people pick cotton? If you have seen the film adapted from Gone with the Wind, you must be familiar with the process of picking cotton. Because of the strong adhesion of cotton peaches, picking cotton has become a labor-intensive job.

In order to ensure the quality of cotton, cotton is basically harvested and opened. People usually tie a big bag around their waist, and then pick cotton by hand and put it in this big bag.

When picking, be careful not to bring cotton hulls or broken leaves in the cotton, otherwise the cotton that pops out will have impurities and look less white. Generally speaking, picking cotton is a very hard job.

In the whole research history of agricultural machinery, cotton picker is also the most difficult problem in agricultural mechanics. In 1930s, Americans designed the "axial cotton picker", which can only pick out cotton flowers from open peaches without damaging cotton plants and branches, and the picked cotton flowers are automatically sucked into the funnel for preservation.

A "cotton picker" is cleaner than picking cotton by hand. Unfortunately, this kind of picker cannot be produced on the assembly line. However, mechanical engineers used their intelligence to finally solve the problem of mechanical cotton picking.

1943, the international harvester company developed the first commercial cotton picker, thus completely solving the problem of automatic cotton picking.

8. What is the method of drying corn in farm common sense?

People have heard the story "A bear broke a stick". In fact, the way to harvest corn is to break it by hand.

Now that the farm workers have broken the corn, let's see how they dried it! Although the skin of freshly crushed corn is dry, the corn seeds inside contain a lot of water. If it is put into the warehouse without sufficient drying, it is likely to cause mildew. In the long-term drying process, people have summed up a lot of experience in drying corn.

You can remove all the corn husks and spread a lot of corn on the flat ground or roof to dry. This is the easiest way, but there will be a lot of trouble, that is, once it rains suddenly, it is really not easy to put these corn away.

In fact, many farms don't have enough space to dry corn. In order to save space, people came up with some other drying methods. For example, farm workers can leave a handful of corn without peeling it, and then tie two or three+corn into a handful.

This kind of tied corn can be hung on the wall, roof or wooden frame to dry. This method of drying corn not only saves space greatly, but also has good ventilation and lighting, which makes corn drying more thorough. Once it rains suddenly, it is more convenient to harvest.

1954, Americans developed a kind of thing called "ear-picking attachment", which was installed on the combine harvester, so that the combine harvester could thresh corn while breaking it in the farmland. In this way, it is much more convenient to dry corn.

9. In the common sense of the farm, where is the livestock manure treated?

There are many poultry and livestock on the farm. These animals bring eggs, meat and milk to the farm, but they also bring a lot of smelly feces.

If you have feces, you must find a way to get rid of them. Where do people on the farm dispose of these excrement? Animals will never run to the toilet to shit like people, but directly shit in their own sheds. In this way, if farmers don't clean poultry sheds and livestock sheds regularly, the sheds will stink. In fact, animal manure is a kind of high-quality fertilizer that is very environmentally friendly, but if it is directly put into the field, it may not achieve the expected effect.

Before being transported to the field, people on farms usually treat the manure first, which requires the use of cesspits. To put it bluntly, a cesspit is a big pit. People on the farm pour all kinds of animal droppings into the pit, and then put some straw in it. Most cesspits are open. Once it rains, the things in the cesspit will completely blend and start to ferment.

After a long time, these fermented things will become high-quality fertilizers. You may be familiar with the concept of biogas digester. In fact, the principle of biogas digester is no different from that of cesspit-it is mixed fermentation with manure and plant straw.

However, there is one difference between biogas digesters and cesspits. The biogas digester is closed, and the biogas produced by fermentation in the pit can be used as fuel.