Brilliant Jing Chu Yin, a trip to Dongting, and a poetic heart in the ruins of Yang Yao in Junshan

Brilliant Jing Chu Yin, a trip to Dongting, and a poetic heart in the ruins of Yang Yao in Junshan

Yang Yao was born in Longyang (now Hanshou, Hunan). In the early years of the Southern Song Dynasty, Zhong Xiang set out with Wuling (now Changde, Hunan). Zhong Xiang died after being captured and succeeded as the general leader of the rebel army. He led more than ten thousand people to Zhazhai Junshan. The rebels won the hearts of the people because of their strict military discipline and sympathy for the people. Although it failed later, the ideal of "equality between the rich and the poor" and many touching legends of the insurgents have never been forgotten.

Junshan often thinks of Yang.

The existing sites in Yang Mao mainly include the following places.

Flying bell, pot for ten thousand people. The flying clock is hung on an ancient tree in the dragon saliva well in the dragon snake mountain. Legend has it that when Yang Yao camped in Junshan, government troops often attacked. In order to call the police in time, the local people raised funds to cast this big iron clock and quietly transported it up the mountain at night. Tian Ming Ribel found this big clock, thinking that God was helping, and it fell from the sky, hence the name "Flying Clock". This kind of bell is very loud and has spread for more than ten miles. It has an aura: as long as the government forces make a slight movement, they will sound the alarm themselves, so it is also called "alarm clock". Unfortunately, the original clock no longer exists. Song Lizong Chunyou was copied in five years, weighing about 3,000 Jin. It was made of copper-iron alloy, with the words "Long live the emperor, peaceful country and people, good weather and abundant crops", and four bronze golden dragons were cast in four directions, which were destroyed in 1966. Now the flying clock is copied by 1979, with a height of about 2 meters, a diameter of 1.2 meters and a weight of about two tons. The words "equal wealth, equal dignity" are cast on the bell. At that time, a surprisingly large rectangular iron pot was sent up the mountain with the flying clock. On that day, when the loyalist attacked, he heard the alarm bell ring, and Yang Yao urgently ordered the cooking, so that the soldiers could eat enough to meet the enemy. I don't want the bell to ring, the meal is ready. Originally, it was cooked in a cauldron sent by the people, which can be eaten by ten thousand people, hence the name "ten thousand people pot". This pot is long gone.

Junshan Banner Gun and Deer Antler Kiln Site. According to legend, Yang Jianli collected tribute tea and returned it to the rebels. One year, there was a bumper harvest of tea, and Yang Yao took out all the good tea and shared it with the people. Seeing the spectacular sight of the tea in the cup flying like a battle flag and the tea tip standing like a tassel, Yang Mo said impromptu: "Your tea is like a flag like a cannon, and it is fragrant in the Dongting." . Just because there are rich and poor in the world, I will use the flag gun to defeat Song Emperor. "Since then, Junshan Tea has another name:" Junshan Flag Gun ". This name has a long history. According to the records of Baling County Records, it was still in use until Guangxu period.

Lujiaoyao site is located on Dongting Lake, about 30 kilometers south of Yueyang Tower. There are 17 ancient kilns and 170 ancient kilns. From the preliminary excavation, it was built for Yang Yao's army: pots, bowls, plates and other pottery have obvious characteristics of the Song Dynasty, and there are no artifacts from the Tang Dynasty or the Yuan and Ming Dynasties; Its operation time is short, and there are still some intact finished products and semi-finished products in the kiln, which are likely to be suspended after military defeat. The "Baling County Records" also records that the insurgents "cultivated in spring and summer, collected grain in the lake village in autumn and winter, fished and made pottery, and made their own efforts." In addition, there are Yangmao Lake and Yang Mao Cave near the kiln, which indicates that the insurgents have moved here. The kiln site has been listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Hunan Province.

Yang, Zhu Qihua, Swan Swing. With the support of the people, the rebel army "combined the army and the people" and "plowed the fields and drew water", and repeatedly defeated the government forces in Dongting Lake, persisting in the struggle for six years. In the fifth year of Shaoxing (1 135), Song Gaozong sent Yue Fei to lead an encirclement campaign. Yue Jun cut down many trees, made huge rafts, blocked the harbor and scattered grass on the lake. The rebel ships were unable to sail smoothly and eventually suffered a fiasco. Yang Yao jumped into the water and captured Niu Hao for Yue Fei. Later, after many twists and turns, people buried his body in Huanglong Mountain, Lujiao Township, Yueyang. According to folklore, the scene of Yang Yao's martyrdom was very tragic: after a day of bloody fighting, all the rebel soldiers were killed or injured. Yang Yao reluctantly pushed Zhong Ziyi, the youngest son of his wife Zhong Xiang, into the lake, hit the only harpoon on the chest of an officer's small head, then took down the banner of "equality in dignity and wealth" from the mast, jumped into the lake, inserted the flagpole deeply into the bottom of the lake, and closed his eyes until he died. The next morning, the lake in Tunkou was red, and a flagpole suddenly rose at the bottom of the lake. "Equality, rich and poor" six characters are dazzling red. Many years later, the flagpole became a stout maple tree, which was called "flagpole tree" and its crimson leaves were called "Yang Maoqi". It is also said that Yang Yao jumped into Dongting Lake under the banner of his own "Yang" when he was defeated. The following spring, colorful flag flowers bloomed on the mainland in the middle of the lake, which was stained with blood by the rebels. It is also said that after Yang Yao jumped into the lake, it was dark for a while and stormy for a while, which blew the loyalist apart. After a while, the clouds cleared and it was calm. Suddenly, a lotus flower with a big bucket plate grew where Yang Yao fell into the water. Yang Yao stood in the heart of the lotus, smiled and said goodbye to the villagers, and then turned into a swan and flew over Dongting Lake. As a result, several places in Hanshou, Yuanjiang and Changde are called "Swan Swing".

It is also said that after Yang Yao's martyrdom, people around Dongting Lake were very sad and gathered in Luzhou to cry. Blood and tears spilled on Luzhou, dyed the heart of the reed, so Dongting Lake also has a kind of "blood reed" of red hearts. After many twists and turns, Yang Yao's body was finally secretly buried on the loess mountain in the lake. Just after the grave was built, countless golden roosters suddenly flew in, and the mound around the grave seemed to dance with dragons and phoenixes, so this mountain bag was called "Golden Rooster Phoenix Mountain". Later, the county magistrate came to dig a grave and was pecked blind by a golden rooster. In addition, people named Yang Yao's stationed place as "mother city" (now north of Shui Yuan) and the defeated and captured place as "Yaokou" (now Anxiang). Junshan also has Yang Mao Village, Banbian Street, Junshi Cave and Lady Yang Mao's dressing table.

Junshan Dongting sings endlessly.

There is a Langyin Pavilion on the left hill of Longkou, Junshan Mountain, which is named after Lv Dongbin's poem "Langyin flies over Dongting Lake". According to legend, when Lu Xiansan was drunk in Yueyang Tower, he "flew" over Dongting Lake, washed his feet with clear spring after arriving at Junshan, lay high on the hill, and recited poems and played with the moon at midnight. There is a five-foot-square pool under the rock in the east of the original Longkou, which is formed by the whole rock depression, and the pool water is inexhaustible all year round. According to the Records of Baling County, this pool is "the foot-washing pool of ancestors (Lv Dongbin) immortals, as big as a bathtub". 1969 was bombed. Langyin Pavilion is the place where Lu Xian lies on his back, recites poems and plays with the moon. The pavilion was built in Song Dynasty and has been rebuilt many times. The existing pavilion was rebuilt in 198 1 year.

It is said that Lv Dongbin has a poetic mind, and "Baling County Records" contains four poems handed down from generation to generation, which are probably part of his poems in "Lang Yin in Junshan". Among them, there are two poems: "At midnight, Junshan plays the moon, and the small garden opens to the west." The wind is cold and the clouds are in Xiao Qinghe's future. "Walking alone and sitting alone, infinite people don't know me. Only the essence of the old trees in the south of the city clearly knows that the gods have passed. "The word is" Qinyuanchun ":"Yesterday Nanjing, today Tian Yue, flickering. Refers to Dongting as wine, and drinks it when thirsty; Junshan is a pillow, sleeping after drunkenness. Talking and laughing freely, communicating clearly, half crazy and half immortal. With me, I have a romantic mind and two sleeves. After years of debauchery, I arranged the Donghua Second Banquet. Cut off corals and plant Wuqi trees; The Tianhe River is shallow, and I grow golden lotus. Smash Wang Jing, kick over Pengdao and kowtow in front of the fake jade box. It's nothing difficult. Just 800 letters and 3,000 lines. "According to legend, Lv Dongbin's calligraphy skills are also quite superb: there is a tall Huangliangmeng in Handan, Hebei Province, with four Chinese characters' Penglai Wonderland' engraved on it. The first three characters are Lu Xian turned into a beggar, holding a broken broom as a pen and yellow bright soup as a splash. At that time, the temple owner turned a blind eye to the real person and drove him away. Looking back, I found that the handwriting on the wall was too late to regret. The fourth word has been vacant for many years, and the Qing emperor Qianlong came here to make it up.

However, Lu Xianlang's songs are legends after all, and the songs of famous poets here are truly the eternal glory of Junshan and Dongting Lake. The nine poems Xiang Jun and Xiang Fu by Qu Yuan, a great poet, borrowed the legends of E Huang and Nv Ying, and described the poet's treasure of life and time, and his pursuit of love and ideal, which was touching. "Di Zi Xi Zhu Bei, eye seedling sorrow. The autumn wind is blowing, and Dongting waves are under the tree. " The first four sentences of Xiang Jun combine the movements, expressions and thoughts of the characters with the surrounding scenery, atmosphere and emotional appeal, which can be called the swan song of autumn scenery in Dongting.

In the autumn of the second year of Gan Yuan (759), Li Bai revisited Dongting with his friends and wrote five poems "You Dongting". The fifth song directly wrote Junshan: "Di Zi Xiaoxiang won't return it, and Qiucao Cave has a room. Minghu swept the jade mirror, and Danqing painted Junshan. " The poet skillfully combines the touching autumn grass, Junshan Mountain and misty myths and legends, rendering an ethereal and dreamy artistic atmosphere, showing the dreamy beauty of Dongting and Junshan Mountain in the moonlight.

Both of them describe the beauty of Junshan, but different poems have their own merits: there is a vision in Liu Yuxi's "Looking at the Dongting" in the Tang Dynasty: "The lake and the moon are harmonious, and there is no wind on the pool surface. Looking at Dongting Lake, there are green snails in the silver plate "; Close-up of Tao Yong's "Tijunshan": "The smoke waves are quiet and the shadows are heavy, and the cyan is completely dark. Suspected to be a narcissus dressing room, a spiral indigo mirror center "; There is also the rain scene of Huang Tingjian's "Climbing Yueyang Tower and Looking at Junshan in the Rain" (Part II): "Manchuria is alone on the fence, and Xiange is twelve sad. It's a pity that it's not appropriate to look at the green hills in the Yinshan pile ... Some people don't rewrite their shapes, but deliberately render them ethereal, such as Tang's "Tijunshan": "I once traveled abroad to see Ma Gu, saying that Junshan has never existed since ancient times. It turned out to be the top stone of Kunlun Mountain, and the sea breeze floated down Dongting Lake. "This is a legend about the origin of Junshan, which arouses readers' whimsy. No wonder the author has a good name: "Cheng Junshan".

In addition to the above poets, there are Du Fu, Bai Juyi, Su Shi, Mi Fei, Yuan Mei and Wei Yuan. They all wrote beautiful structures depicting Junshan and Dongting Lake. Poetic heart * * * Lang Yin, Junshan Dongting is an endless song!