The Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival in the lunar calendar are respectively

1. Dragon Boat Festival

The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month every year. According to the "Records of the Years of Jingchu", because when climbing in midsummer, Shunyang is above, and May is midsummer, and its first noon is a day of good weather when climbing in Shunyang, so the fifth day of May is also called "Duanyang". Festival". In addition, the Dragon Boat Festival is also known as "Day Festival, May Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Bath Orchid Festival" and so on. The Dragon Boat Festival is a traditional cultural festival popular in China and other countries in the Chinese character cultural circle. The Dragon Boat Festival originated in China. It was originally a festival for the tribes who worshiped the dragon totem in the ancient Baiyue region (the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and the south) to hold totem sacrifices. Before the Spring and Autumn Period in the Baiyue land, tribes held a dragon boat race on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. The custom of totem sacrifice. Later, because Qu Yuan, a poet of Chu State (now Hubei) during the Warring States Period, committed suicide by bouldering into the Miluo River on that day, the rulers made the Dragon Boat Festival a festival to commemorate Qu Yuan in order to establish a loyal and patriotic label; in some areas, there are also commemorations of Wu Zixu and Cao E. The Dragon Boat Festival, the Spring Festival, the Qingming Festival and the Mid-Autumn Festival are also known as the four traditional festivals of the Chinese Han people.

The Dragon Boat Festival literally also has names such as "Duanwu", "Chongwu" and "Chongwu". "Duan" in ancient Chinese has the meaning of beginning and beginning. Calling "Duanwu" is like calling "Chuwu". "Feng Tu Ji" says: "The Midsummer Dragon Boat Festival. The Dragon Boat Festival is the beginning." There are three five-day days in a month, and the first five-day period is the "Dragon Boat Festival". The ancients used to refer to the first few days of May as Duan. Chen Yuanliang of the Yuan Dynasty said in "Sui Sui Guang Ji": "People in the capital city regard the first day of May as Duan Yi, the second day of May as Duan Er, and counting to five is called Duan." "The Dragon Boat Festival"

The ancients used the heavenly stems and earthly branches to calculate the calendar. According to the order of the earthly branches, the first month of the lunar calendar begins with the Yin month. According to the order of the earthly branches "Zichou Yinmaochen Siwu Wushen Youxuhai", the fifth month is calculated. It is "noon moon", and noon hour is "yangchen", so the Dragon Boat Festival is also called "Duanyang". Wu, the ancients used it in common with "five", so Dragon Boat Festival and Dragon Boat Festival are synonymous. Because the months and days have the same number, people also call the Dragon Boat Festival the "Chongwu Festival" or the "Chongwu Festival".

According to statistics, there are more than 20 names for the Dragon Boat Festival, such as Dragon Boat Festival, Duanyang Festival, Chongwu Festival, Chongwu Festival, Dangwu Flood Festival, Tianzhong Festival, Summer Festival, May Festival, Chang Festival, Pu Festival, Dragon Boat Festival, Bath Orchid Festival, Qu Yuan Day, Wu Day Festival, Girl's Day, Di La Festival, Poet's Day, Dragon Day, Wu Day, Lantern Festival, Wu Dan Festival, etc.

2. Mid-Autumn Festival

The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month every year and is a traditional Chinese festival.

The word "Mid-Autumn Festival" was first seen in "The Rites of Zhou". According to the ancient Chinese calendar, there are four seasons in a year, and each season has three months, which are called Meng month, Zhong month, and Ji month respectively. Because the second month of autumn is called Zhongqiu, and because the 15th day of August in the lunar calendar, In mid-August, it is called "Mid-Autumn Festival". In the early years of the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival became a fixed festival.

"New Tang Book·Volume 15 Chronicles 5·Rites and Music 5" records that "the Spring and Mid-Autumn Festivals were laid by King Wenxuan and King Wucheng", and "In the 19th year of Kaiyuan, Taigong was established Shangfu Temple was appointed by Liu Hou Zhang Liang to offer sacrifices to Wu in the Mid-Spring and Mid-Autumn Festivals. The system of sacrifices and music was as in the text." According to historical records, the ancient emperors worshiped the moon on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, which happened to be in the middle of the third autumn, so it was called the "Mid-Autumn Festival"; and because this festival fell in August in autumn, it was also called the "Autumn Festival". "August Festival", "August Meeting" and "Mid-Autumn Festival"; there are also beliefs and related customary activities to pray for reunion, so it is also called "Reunion Festival" and "Doll's Day". Because the main activities of the Mid-Autumn Festival are all around the "moon", it is also commonly known as the "Moon Festival", "Moon Eve", "Moon Chasing Festival", "Moon Playing Festival" and "Moon Worshiping Festival"; in the Tang Dynasty, the Mid-Autumn Festival was also known as It is called the "Duanzheng Month".

The popularity of the Mid-Autumn Festival began in the Song Dynasty. By the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it had become as famous as New Year's Day and became one of the major festivals in our country. Regarding the origins of the Mid-Autumn Festival, there are roughly three types: it originated from the ancient worship of the moon, the custom of singing and dancing under the moon to find a partner, and the ancient custom of worshiping the earth god in the autumn newspaper.

The 15th day of the eighth lunar month every year is the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival. This is the middle of autumn, so it is called Mid-Autumn Festival. In the Chinese lunar calendar, a year is divided into four seasons, and each season is divided into three parts: Meng, Zhong and Ji. Therefore, the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called Zhongqiu. The moon on August 15th is rounder and brighter than the full moon in other months, so it is also called "Moon Eve" and "August Festival". This night, when people look up at the bright moon in the sky, they naturally look forward to family reunions. Wanderers who are far away from home also use this to express their longing for their hometown and relatives. Therefore, the Mid-Autumn Festival is also called the "Reunion Festival".

Our people have had the custom of "autumn twilight and evening moon" in ancient times. On the eve of the moon, worship the moon god. By the Zhou Dynasty, every Mid-Autumn Festival night would be held to welcome the cold and worship the moon. Set up a large incense table and place moon cakes, watermelons, apples, dates, plums, grapes and other sacrifices. Moon cakes and watermelons are absolutely indispensable. The watermelon should also be cut into lotus shapes. Under the moon, the moon statue is placed in the direction of the moon, with red candles burning high. The whole family worships the moon in turn, and then the housewife cuts the reunion moon cakes. The person who cuts the meat must calculate in advance how many people are in the family. Those who are at home and those who are out of town must be counted together. They cannot cut more or less, and the sizes must be the same.