How to Strengthen Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation and Extension in Backward Mountainous Areas

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Abstract: Western mountain agriculture, especially in the mountainous areas of Guizhou, has been a small field, narrow roads, many cans, steep mountains, crop varieties layout is unreasonable, not a large-scale traditional agricultural production habits and rough farming methods, the lack of agricultural science and technology, a serious constraint on the agricultural efficiency and farmers to increase their incomes. It is necessary to speed up the input of science and technology and agricultural science and technology innovation, to realize the ecology of agriculture, intensification and its market efficiency, and really implement the "three rural" issues into the promotion of agricultural science and technology and innovation in practice.

Keywords: mountain agriculture; agricultural extension; innovation in the western mountainous areas of agriculture, especially in the mountainous areas of Guizhou has always been a small field, narrow roads, cans, steep mountains, crop varieties layout is unreasonable, not the scale of traditional agricultural production habits and rough farming methods, the lack of agricultural science and technology, a serious constraint on agricultural efficiency and farmers to increase income. As we all know, the innovation and promotion of agricultural science and technology is a complex systematic project, which actually contains the whole process of researching, transferring and transforming agricultural scientific and technological achievements into real productivity. As the grassroots agricultural service providers need to build a good relationship between each transmission system, receiving system and organizational coordination system, and seriously grasp each link in the promotion of agricultural science and technology achievements. Eventually, farmers can directly apply the technology in production and rely on the technology to realize increased production and income. The author from the following aspects to explore the western mountainous rural agricultural science and technology innovation and promotion path.

1 Accelerate the innovation of agricultural science and education system and mechanism

Deepen the reform of the agricultural research system, in accordance with the effective combination of science and technology and agriculture, is conducive to the principle of agricultural scientific and technological innovation and the construction of a new countryside, accelerate the innovation of the system, mechanism and management of the agricultural research, education and extension institutions, and rationally allocate

Place the research power of the agricultural research institutes and colleges of agriculture. Make full use of the existing foundation and concentrate on major agricultural basic research and applied research. Agricultural research institutes should be gradually transformed into technology development organizations of science and technology enterprises or enterprise groups, and establish agricultural technology extension teams to undertake public welfare functions and business services respectively, and gradually form a new type of grassroots agricultural technology extension system combining state-run and state-supported, unpaid and paid services.

2 Cultivation of agricultural scientific and technological talents and farmers unified into the "Sunshine Project" training

Increase investment in grass-roots agricultural scientific and technological innovation and promotion, encourage college students and postgraduates to work at the grass-roots level, and strengthen the cultivation of rural technicians, and gradually form the up and down through the network of agricultural technological innovation and promotion. The pattern of agricultural technology innovation and promotion network has been gradually formed to solve the problem of "scaffolding" of agricultural technology promotion work at the grassroots level. At the same time, the training of agricultural technicians should be strengthened, and special attention should be paid to encouraging them to go to various types of colleges and universities to further their studies and update their knowledge in order to meet the needs of modern development. Make full use of higher agricultural colleges and universities, secondary agricultural colleges and universities, agricultural vocational schools, distance learning and other resources, and gradually establish a fully functional, rational layout of farmers' vocational education and training system and a sound training system for the full implementation of various types of farmers' scientific and technological training project to lay the

foundation.

3 strengthen and emphasize the role of experimental demonstration

A new agricultural technology results into the western mountainous rural areas, the first to carry out experiments, and then expand the demonstration and popularization, avoid a rush, in order to improve the initiative of technology promotion, reduce blindness. A county, city or township, often organized to carry out some agricultural new varieties, new technology trials, can provide technical reserves and technical support for the development of agriculture. Demonstration, its role: on the one hand, to further verify the results of technology in the local production and income effect; on the other hand, for the masses of farmers to make a look, so that the masses of farmers to see the effect of technology application to follow the learning, follow and do, and produce radiation effect. As the level of development of agricultural science and technology is relatively backward in the western mountainous rural areas, in the initial stage of the promotion of agricultural scientific and technological achievements, should be selected to facilitate the construction of a number of agricultural science and technology test, demonstration base for the masses to visit and learn, and constantly expand the social impact of technology application.

4 Strengthen the introduction of agricultural technology to promote the transformation of existing achievements in agricultural science and technology

To promote agricultural technology innovation, high-tech industrialization and enhance China's agricultural technology reserves of cutting-edge technology, to improve the quality and efficiency of the main bulk agricultural products of advanced and practical technology to promote structural adjustment and sustainable development of agriculture, mainly related to technology, and to increase the introduction of technology

This is the first time in the history of agricultural science and technology, and the second time in the history of agricultural science and technology. On the other hand, with the commercialization of agricultural products, the promotion of sustainable agricultural development and the acceleration of the development of factory farming as the objectives, the introduction of agricultural high and new technologies and means will be accelerated, so as to improve China's agricultural high and new technology research capacity and level, and to enhance the scientific and technological reserves and the development momentum. With the formation of new economic growth points as the core, in order to seize the market and improve economic and social benefits as the goal, some projects with industrialization prospects for engineering development. Such as seeds (seedlings), breeding livestock and poultry, vaccines and veterinary drugs, pesticides, fertilizers, feed, post-production processing of agricultural products and water-saving irrigation technology and equipment, etc., to play the role of leading enterprises, near-farming industries and other enterprises, built a larger scale, higher technological content of high-tech enterprises or enterprise groups, so as to make it become an important carrier to promote the structural adjustment of the agricultural economy, optimize varieties, improve the quality of the increase in the effectiveness of the important carrier, and to further promote the transformation of agricultural science and technology achievements. Further promote the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements.

5 market-oriented organization to promote the good operation of agricultural development in the western mountainous areas of rural agricultural technology

Promotion of the process of conscientiously implementing the "never relax food production, and actively develop a variety of business" approach to agriculture is very important. On the one hand, relying on the vigorous promotion of new technologies to increase food production, new results, and constantly improve the unit area production, to ensure stable and sustained growth in food production; on the other hand, carefully study the local agricultural resources, resources as a basis, market-oriented, science and technology as a support, in accordance with the village of a product or a township of a product of the development of agricultural industrialization ideas, and constantly optimize and adjust the structure of agricultural production, and actively organize scientific and technological forces, research and development of local characteristics, the market, and the development of a variety of business, and the development of the agricultural industry. Research and development of famous, special, excellent and new agricultural products with local characteristics and good market prospects, so that the economic income of farmers continues to increase. In the process of adjusting the structure of agricultural production, we must pay attention to the local characteristics, to prevent industrial convergence, to find market gaps, so that the development of agricultural products in the local and its provincial and international markets, and promote the healthy development of the rural economy.

Article source. Success Stories Network