What is the circular economy strategy?

What is the circular economy strategy?

Circular economy is an ecological economy characterized by material flow, and it is a circular economy model from natural resources to product manufacturing to resource recycling. It is different from the traditional one-way linear flow economy that consumes resources first, then produces products and finally discharges them. It is a renewable resource, a flowing resource, which makes rational use of material and energy in the whole economic activities, maximizes the efficiency of energy allocation and realizes the ecological turn of the economy. It emphasizes reducing the use, recovery and recycling of resources to improve ecological efficiency. The purpose is to invest the least natural resources in the process of production and consumption, so that human beings can protect the increasingly scarce environmental resources, improve the allocation effect of environmental resources and energy, and minimize the impact on the environment while pursuing the improvement of quality of life.

Circular economy transforms the traditional linear and open economic system into a nonlinear economic system, and gradually realizes low emission and environmental friendliness, so that the products produced in the market can be used for a long time and prolong their service life. For example, for computers, televisions and other electronic equipment, the service life of these products can be extended and the waste of scattered resources can be reduced through maintenance. This is an environment-friendly system.

In addition, service priority is also a good example of circular economy. For example, a world-famous copier company no longer produces new copier products in the United States, but focuses on providing maintenance and maintenance for photocopiers in use. This service does not change the performance of other parts of the machine, but greatly optimizes the service life and strength of each part. As a result of this practice, there is actually no new machine in the strict sense, but this method is economically profitable.

Circular economy can bring new economic growth, realize the supply of economy and environment, and produce positive benefits like recycling of waste materials.

Let's compare circular economy with traditional economy. The so-called extensive traditional economy means three highs and one low. In this kind of economy, the traditional economy mainly exploits the materials and energy on the earth, and the exploitation intensity is getting bigger and bigger. In production, processing and consumption, the utilization of resources and energy is often extensive or one-off.

One of the characteristics of circular economy is environment-friendly economy, which advocates high utilization rate economy based on material circulation, so that the whole economic system and production and consumption process basically do not produce or only produce very little waste. In short, waste is also a kind of resource. Therefore, circular economy is a change of development concept, which advocates a constantly developing economic model and makes economic activities follow the natural ecological model, thus fundamentally solving the sharp conflict between environment and development for a long time.

Circular economy advocates new economic norms and codes of conduct in all fields from production to consumption.

It has three principles, namely simplification, reuse and recycling. Its goal is to save resources and energy as much as possible and reduce waste. Its industrial application is eco-industry, as well as eco-industry and eco-tourism.

The most important of these three principles is the principle of simplification, which requires us to minimize waste in the production process and reduce waste generation through cleaner production. It is required to use less raw materials and energy to achieve the established production and consumption purposes, save resources and energy at the source of production and reduce pollution.

In production, the principle of simplification is often manifested in miniaturization and lightweight. In addition, the product packaging is required to be simple rather than extravagant and wasteful, so as to reduce waste emissions.

Reuse is reuse. In this process, it is not only to prolong the service life of a single product, but also to require that the product and packaging container can be used for many times instead of being discarded at one time. Another meaning is to produce as little waste as possible, because we all consume energy in the process of producing goods and products. Therefore, reducing waste is actually reducing energy consumption.

Also, European car manufacturers are designing their cars in such a way that all kinds of parts can be easily decomposed and reused, and some parts can be recycled, which has gone through dozens of recycling. This is to turn waste into resources again, thus reducing pollution and saving resources. In other words, it is required that the produced goods can become available resources again after completing their use functions, rather than useless garbage.

Circular economy should have three ideas, one is at the enterprise level; The other is at the regional level, such as development zones; The other is the social level, such as regions and cities, which we call the great cycle.

At the enterprise level, there are these points, which require reducing the use of materials or raw materials for products and services, reducing the use of energy for products and services, reducing the emission of toxic substances, strengthening the recycling and utilization of materials, maximizing the use of renewable resources, and improving the durability of products.

At the regional level, it is an intermediate cycle. It is necessary to establish ecological industries, including ecological agriculture, and form industrial metabolism among enterprises. The waste of one enterprise is the raw material of another factory, forming a closed cycle.

At present, China's circular economy pilot work is being carried out at the same time. For example, Liaoning Province and Guiyang City actively tried in previous years, and formulated the Pilot Program for Developing Circular Economy in Liaoning Province and the Construction Plan for Circular Economy Eco-city in Guiyang City respectively. Now all provinces and cities in China are building eco-cities and establishing circular economy development models.

At the social level, it is necessary to establish relevant policy systems, advocate green consumption, establish green office and green procurement, and establish an employment-oriented society, including water and energy conservation. In this regard, Japan and Germany have done a good job. China's representative policies include clean production and renewable energy. The National People's Congress is also considering enacting a circular economy promotion law.

(2) What are the economic strategies of China and Hongkong?

Zeng Quan's latest economic strategy in the policy address is:

The economic development strategy based on the principles of "relying on the mainland, facing the world" and "market-oriented" will make full use of and expand the original advantages of China and Hong Kong, and strive to build China and Hong Kong into world-class financial, shipping and trade centers and high value-added service centers with international standards.

Backed by the Mainland: In addition to strengthening the traditional cooperation between Guangdong and Hong Kong, the Pearl River Delta cooperation and the Pan-Pearl River Delta "9+2" cooperation developed in recent two years, it also announced the establishment of special zone offices in Shanghai and Chengdu to further promote exchanges and cooperation between China, Hong Kong, East China and Southwest China. In this way, with the existing offices in Beijing and Guangzhou, China and Hong Kong will have four offices in the Mainland, and it is reported that offices will be set up in the capitals of nine provinces in the Pan-Pearl River Delta and major provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Delta in the future. Undoubtedly, this will greatly strengthen the ties between the SAR and the Mainland, promote the business development between China and Hong Kong in the Mainland, and provide more support services for China and Hong Kong people who go to the Mainland.

Opening up individual travel to the mainland is a plan that has achieved remarkable results in promoting the economic development of China and Hong Kong in the past two years. More and more mainland tourists come to Hong Kong, spending about HK$ 4,400 per capita, which has really brought prosperity to Hong Kong's tourism, hotels, retail, catering and even the whole real estate market.

Facing the world: The Hong Kong Government will set up a new economic and trade office in Eastern Europe to promote the economic and trade promotion between China and Hong Kong in Eastern Europe. At present, China and Hong Kong have eleven overseas economic and trade offices, which are located in major trading partner countries in major trading regions of China and Hong Kong.

Market-oriented: market-oriented, that is, * * * does not make any guiding plans for the economy or the market. * * * I believe that investors and entrepreneurs know the market better than officials, and the activities of non-governmental organizations can lead China and Hongkong to prosperity better than the official economic blueprint. * * * Adopt the policy of "helping as much as possible and reducing intervention" and vigorously advocate the policy of "helping as much as possible and reducing intervention". * * * *' s main function is to provide business-friendly conditions as much as possible, including basic "software" such as personal freedom, rule of law, clean and efficient public sector and fair business competition environment, as well as land and infrastructure needed for social development, such as "hardware" such as schools and roads.

* * * Another important responsibility is to remove market barriers and encourage fair competition. In the fields of securities, futures and banking, as well as telecommunications, information technology and broadcasting, * * * is committed to opening up the market.

* * * Maintain a simple tax system with low tax rate to encourage workers to produce and attract entrepreneurs to invest. The corporate profits tax rate is 17.5%, and the salaries tax rate is 16%, both of which are low compared with other countries. For reference: Ta Kung Pao/News/05/1117/EF-485505 and Saite. Man/big 5/25509/45212/45215/34238.

The purpose of this policy is not that the government does not interfere.

Apply the invisible hand theory.

Hong Kong is free to engage in most economic activities, and businessmen can also enjoy low tax rates.

Therefore, Hong Kong is now a world leader in finance, because many investors invest in Hong Kong.