Is the bond financed directly or indirectly?

Direct financing. Because issuing bonds does not require intermediaries, direct financing refers to a financing method that does not require the intervention of financial intermediaries. In the process of direct financing, the fund supplier and the fund demander directly form the creditor-debtor relationship through financial instruments. Direct financing is relatively selective, with low financing cost and high return on investment.

Indirect financing is relative to direct financing. In other words, fund providers and fund demanders indirectly realize financing behavior through financial intermediaries. There is no direct relationship between fund suppliers and fund demanders, but independent transactions with financial intermediaries.

What does short selling mean?

Securities lending refers to an operation mode in which investors expect stocks to fall in the future, then borrow stocks from securities companies, sell them, buy them after the stocks fall, and then return them to securities companies. At present, there are not so many sources of bonds in the A-share market, so many stocks cannot be traded in margin trading.