What are the traditional means of expression in poetry?

1.Borrowing scenery to express emotions

Ancient poetry in the "landscape language are emotional language", it can be said that the scenery contains the feelings of the poet, are the poet's feelings of euphemistic disclosure. The hue of the scenery is especially noteworthy, generally warm colors predict a warm and lively, positive, spirited; cold colors represent indifference and low, negative decadence, loneliness and desolation. "The guest house green willow color new" in the "green" to give a person a kind of parting and produce the feeling of gravity; "ten thousand purples and thousands of reds is always spring" in the red and purple but give a person the spring. Corresponding terminology is also a blend of feelings in the scene, the scene of the blend, and so on.

2. The symbolism

Some emotions, the poet is always unwilling or unable to directly talk about, so the poet will be these emotions on the external objects. Symbolism also belongs to this category. For example, in the Ming Dynasty, Yu Qian's "Lime Chant" expresses his own sentiment of "leaving innocence in the world" through the praise of lime; in the Song Dynasty, Zhou Dunyi's "Love of Lotus" expresses his own desire to maintain the noble moral character of the gentleman's style through the praise of the lotus flower.

3. Borrowing from the past to satirize the present

This is most common in poems about history and antiquity. Xin Qiji's "Jingkou Beigu Pavilion Huai Gu" uses comments on people and events in history to satirize current events and express emotions. Du Mu's famous historical poems are also characterized by ironizing the past and giving advice to those in power. The popular poem "Three Extraordinary Verse on Crossing the Huaqing Palace" was written about Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, and was directed at Emperor Jingzong and Emperor Wenzong of Tang. In Red Cliff, "The iron has not yet been broken, and I will recognize the past dynasty. The east wind is not with Zhou Lang, copper sparrow spring deep lock three Qiao", the language face of the battle of Red Cliff nostalgia, in fact, premonition of the death of the Tang Dynasty, issued a sigh of regret. The poem contains a philosophy: prosperity and decline, with the inevitable history, but who became who lost, when into when lost, there is also chance.