Historical merchants

I. Which are the top ten merchants in Chinese history

1, rich Tao Zhu - Fan Li (536 - 448 years ago)

2, the originator of Confucian merchants - Duanmu Zigong (520 - ?).

3. The ancestor of wisdom merchants - Bai Gui (463 - 385 BC)

4. The giant merchant of Yingguo - Lu Buwei (ca. 212 BC) -Lu Buwei (c. 292 BC ~ c. 235 BC)

5, rich as a nation - Shen Wansan

6, the first rich man - Wu Bingjian

7 The first rich man - Wu Bingjian

7. Business tycoon - Qiao Zhiyong (1818-1907)

8. Red-top merchant - Hu Xueyan (1823~1885)

9. A generation of money king - -Wang Chih (1836-1903)

10, hardware king - Ye Chengcheng (1840-1899)

Second, China's history of the 10 businessmen are which

1, Tao Zhu Gong: the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, that is, to help King Goujian of the Yue Dynasty, the battle to destroy the Wu of the Great Wise Man! Fan Li, the originator of the historical abandonment of politics from business and the creation of a personal record of wealth model.

2, Zigong: Confucius senior apprentice, the ability to get rich in business. The historical record. The value of goods in the biography of its "abolition of the book sell wealth in the Cao, Lu between". He once traveled to various countries at his own expense, talking about Qi, surviving Lu, dominating Yue, and dying in Wu. Confucianism was later to flourish and spread for hundreds of years, and it was a great achievement.

3, Bai Gui: Zhou people in the early Warring States period, the earliest master of business theory. Li Yul had asked him for advice on the secret of getting rich. "I take what I give up, I take what I have" is his first business quote.

4, Lv Buwei: the Warring States period Yang Zhai big businessman, the history of the "to and from the cheap and expensive, the family tired of thousands of dollars", but the life of one of the most proud of a big deal is: acquaintance with the Qin exiled Prince Winnipeg and funded its return to the throne, thus successfully realizing the individual from the business from the politics of the historic transformation.

5, Shen Wansan: the name of the rich, the end of the Yuan and the early Ming Dynasty Jiangnan rich. Has helped Zhu Yuanzhang repair Nanjing City, personal contract one-third of the project cost. His grandson was involved in the case of blue jade was enlisted in Yunnan, property confiscation. The source of its wealth is said to be the sea trade income, may be considered the history of the earliest international trade merchants.

6, Wu Bingjian: business name Wu Haoguan. Qing Dynasty Guangdong thirteen lines of Jardine's row of line owners. With the British East India Company to smuggle opium into the rich. 1834 has claimed assets of 26 million yuan (said 26 million taels), Western scholars called it "the world's largest commercial assets, the world's first rich". 1843 Qing *** to make traders to pay off the "Treaty of Nanjing" stipulated that the 3 million yuan of foreign debt, he alone to bear 1 million. The same year in Guangzhou died of illness.

7, Hu Xueyan: the original name is Lawrence Kwong, the famous "red-topped businessman", modern "Hui merchants" outstanding representative. Because of the friendship with Zuo Zongtang, the opportunity to co-organize the Fujian Bureau of Shipping, Lanzhou Manufacturing Bureau, by chartering the Xiang army munitions business to a huge fortune. The highest capital had reached more than 20 million, but later was ostracized by foreign merchants and went bankrupt. Hu Qingyu Hall that is for its founding of well-known enterprises.

8, Wang Chih: the word Xingzhai, Yunnan Mile people, another 'red-topped businessman' representative, one of the late Qing Dynasty's famous merchants, the creation of the "with Qingfeng", and reorganization of the "Tianshunxiang", rich as the country. "and reorganized" Tianshunxiang ", rich as the country.

9, Sheng Xuanhuai: representative of the late Qing dynasty official business, the general office of the National Telegraph business, contractors Hanyang Iron Works, Jiangnan Manufacturing Bureau and other industries, which in the middle to enrich their own pockets, and tired of being a rich man.

10, Zhang Jian: the famous modern "scholar businessman", founded the Dasheng Yarn Factory and Kengmu company to get rich, and organized education, advocating constitutionalism.

Third, the Hui merchants is the emergence of the Ming and Qing dynasties, regional groups of merchants, reflecting the history of traditional Chinese merchants

(1) the experience of this question, based on the material, "ultimately because of the small profits, the gain is not enough to serve their parents" can be derived from small business, profit is meager; based on the material, "he ran between the Qing, Qi, Liang and Song, trafficking in goods. Qingqi, Liang and Song, trafficking commodities, making huge profits, really make the capital more and more" can be derived from the long-distance trafficking and trade to get rich; based on material one "Jiang Cai made a fortune, returned to his hometown in honor, widely set up farms, large mansions" can be derived from the interest of the businessmen to return to their hometowns to buy property; based on material one "His son Jiang Zhen also won the examination, among the bureaucrats of the forest" can be derived from the cultivation of future generations to take the road to the imperial examinations. (2) the first sub-question of the profit consumption destination, according to material two "bribery official customs, wide knot political dignitaries, banquets and gifts, including active and passive 'donation', 'payback'" can be derived from the official consumption; based on Material 2, "seek a 'merit' false title for protection, but also will hope on the descendants of the 'glory', investment in the imperial examinations, in order to get rid of the 'untouchable'" can be derived from Material 2, "seek a 'merit' false title for protection, but also will hope on the descendants of the 'glory', investment in the imperial examinations, in order to get rid of the 'untouchable'". '" can be derived from the imperial examination consumption; based on material two "in his hometown widely built county school private schools, ancestral temples and ancestral halls, to help the poor outside of the school, the place of business is also 'happy to help the public welfare', especially to relief of poverty, repair bridges and pave the way to help build the temple and other institutions of study The most prominent" can be derived from the social welfare consumption. The second sub-question of the consumer psychology, in fact, is required to explore these businessmen "profit consumption to" the reasons and purposes, combined with the study can be known, the government, access to monopoly profits; revere Confucianism, change social status; improve reputation, expand the sales market. (3) this question belongs to the history of the expository questions, first of all, to clarify the point of view, the point of view is that the traditional Chinese tycoons are not to promote social change in the new social forces, and then on the point of view of the exposition, exposition of the difficulty is to be able to "the traditional Chinese tycoons are not to promote social change in the new social forces," have an accurate understanding of what is in fact the Chinese The difficulty is to have an accurate understanding of "traditional Chinese tycoons are not a new social force for social change", which actually explains the reasons why Chinese tycoons cannot promote social change, which can be elaborated in terms of politics, ideology, and the use of capital. Therefore, the answer is: (1) experience: small business, profit is very small; by long-distance trafficking trade to get rich; interest in business back to their hometowns, the purchase of property; cultivate offspring to go to the imperial examinations to enter the civil service road. (2) Going: official consumption; examination consumption; social welfare consumption. Mentality: to be affiliated with the government, to obtain monopoly profits; Confucianism, to change the social status; to improve the reputation, expand the sales market. (3) Description: dependent on the feudal political forces, commercial activities can not be operated independently; by the traditional concepts of agriculture and commerce, Confucianism and Shi; after getting rich, mainly for the purchase of land, consumption, lack of capital accumulation.

Fourth, who is the first capitalist recorded in Chinese history

China's earliest businessman is Wang Hai. During the Xia Dynasty, Shangqiu was the vassal state of the Shang tribe. Shang tribe seventh-generation leader named Wang Hai (1854 BC - 1803 BC), is a wise and capable leader, the Shang tribe to thrive. As the Shang tribe had a well-developed economy and plenty of goods, Wang Hai invented the oxcart and tamed the oxen to pull the cart, and personally led a team of oxcarts to pull the goods to other tribes for bartering trade, which was well received by the people. Since they came from the Shang tribe, people called them "merchants". And Wang Hai, naturally, became the "founder of the Chinese merchants". This is the origin of the word "merchant". Wang Hai and the commercial activities he initiated were instrumental in the Shang's replacement of Xia. From nearly 4,000 years ago, this history can be found in the history of China's earliest merchants, but it is an official businessman, but also a king!