In which dynasty did the tile tomb begin?

What was really used to build a tomb should be the Western Han Dynasty.

Tile is an important roofing waterproof material, and its use began in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. 1976 a group of large building foundations were found in Feng Chu village, Qishan county, Shaanxi province. According to the radiocarbon determination of a carbonized wooden column, the date is about BC 1000 in the early Western Zhou Dynasty. A small number of tiles were found in the roof deposits, which should only be used in important parts of the roof and part of the roof ridge. At the same time, a large-scale Western Zhou architectural base group was also found in Chenzhao Village, Fufeng, Shaanxi Province. Judging from the unearthed pottery, the superstructure was built in the middle of the Western Zhou Dynasty. Many types of plate tiles, tubular tiles and semi-tiles were found in this site. (The tile is laid on the roof, and the pipe tile is covered between two rows of tiles. The tile is the tile head of the pipe tile in front of the eaves. ) There are tile nails and tile rings on the tiles to fix the position of the tiles. A tile fragment with herringbone cross section was found in Fengxike, Shaanxi Province, which may be the roof roof tile. It is also found that there are unfired tiles, and it is speculated that there is a manual workshop dedicated to firing tiles. Ceramic tiles in the late Western Zhou Dynasty were also found in Wang Wan in Luoyang and Dong Jialin in Liu Lihe. Based on this, it is speculated that palace buildings in the early Western Zhou Dynasty began to use tiles on the roof (possibly on the roof, etc. ), the roofs are mostly tiles from the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Eastern Zhou Dynasty. At that time, ceramic tiles were all made of clay plates. Their manufacturing method is to first make a round ceramic blank with a clay plate, then cut the blank tube into four or six tiles, then cut it into tube tiles, and then fire it in a kiln. Tiles are uneven in thickness, with handprints on the reverse side and rough and messy rope patterns on the surface.

In the late Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, the use of tiles increased. Many tiles have been left in the ruins of cities in various countries, including many tiles with patterns. The patterns of ceramic tiles in different countries are different, which reflects the unique cultural and artistic styles of each country. For example, round tiles with various animal patterns are popular in Qin, such as running deer, running horses, four beasts and three cranes. Zhao is a round tile with Sanlu pattern and abnormal moire; Yan mainly includes gluttony, Shuanglong, two birds, mountain cloud patterns and so on. During the Warring States period, the tile structure was significantly improved, that is, the tile nails were separated from the tile body, which not only strengthened the consolidation of the tile, but also simplified the manufacture of the tile blank.

Qin and Han dynasties were the prosperous stages of ceramic tile development. Wadang evolved from a semicircle to a full circle from the Warring States period, and it was a full circle by the Eastern Han Dynasty. In Qin and Han dynasties, tile patterns were very rich, and there were also many figures in tile. For example, the tiles of buildings in Chang' an area in Han Dynasty are decorated with Kyrgyz characters such as "Changle is unfinished" and "Eternal Life is infinite"; Some palaces and government offices often use their names as decorations, such as "Shanglin" and "Zuo Yi". In the period of Wang Mang, divination prevailed, and symbolizing the four directions with four gods was the content of divination. Therefore, the four gates of Wangmang Ancestral Temple generally adopt Qinglong tile as the east gate, Baihu tile as the west gate, Suzaku tile as the south gate and Xuanwu tile as the north gate. 1986, the cultural relics department of Liaoning Province discovered a large site of the Qin and Han Dynasties Palace in Qiangzili Village, Suizhong County. A ceramic tile with a diameter of 52 cm was found, and it is conceivable that the building was magnificent at that time.