What are the characteristics of national music schools?

The national music school is characterized by emphasizing the national factors and sources of music. There are ethnic and racial expressions in the works, and folk melodies and rhythms are used as music materials to reflect the history and customs of the nation, describe people's customs and lives, and praise their motherland and hometown. So as to enhance national self-esteem and self-reliance and strive for national independence and freedom.

In addition to directly quoting folk songs or folk dance music for processing and creation, composers of national music school have more refined and absorbed the timbre, rhythm, mode, structure and performance techniques of national music, and created their own musical language with national characteristics.

Among them, the most national factors are mode, melody and harmony. In terms of modes, many works are mainly based on major and minor tones, and at the same time, various modes and scales unique to national folk music are inserted, such as various folk natural modes, minor modes with four or seven tones, pentatonic scales, alternating major and minor tones, and a few full-scale scales.

In melody, they not only have their own different national styles and personality characteristics; At the same time, it also has the characteristics of * * *. For example, melody lines are mostly carried out in natural sounds, which is different from the common inflection in late romantic music and gives people a simple and cordial feeling. Its rhythm is complex and changeable, asymmetric and irregular;

In harmony, Musorgskiy and Grieg's expression techniques are particularly bold, novel and colorful. In their works, for the needs of different forms of expression, they creatively use chords and complex chords with special structures.

And the accidental connection of various chords, sometimes highlighting the traditional or folk mode function harmony, and sometimes intentionally blurring its function, resulting in unclear or hazy mode and harmony, which indicates the impressionist harmony language to some extent.

Extended data:

Most of the national music schools are politically radical, sympathetic to or participating in their own bourgeois revolution, and have a strong national consciousness. In art, they advocate the creation of new music with distinctive national characteristics.

Musicians of national music school often use their excellent folk music materials to express the theme of patriotic heroes, so as to inspire their own people to resist feudalism and foreign rule. Democracy, people's character and nationality are always the distinctive signs of their artistic activities.

Representative figures: moniuszko of Poland, Elker of Hungary, Smetana and dvorak of Czech Republic, Grieg Sibenius of Norway, glinka of Finland, Balekilev of Russia, Borodin, Musorgskiy, etc.

Representative works include: Bedrich Smetana's My Motherland, sibelius's Finnish Symphony Poetry, etc.