Knowledge about foreign authors literature

43. From the end of the 18th century to the beginning of the 19th century, there was a rise of the Romantic literary trend. Romanticism was a product of the French Revolution.

44, Germany was the birthplace of Romantic literature.

45. The earliest Romantic writers in English literature were the so-called "Lakeside School" of three poets--Wordsworth, Coleridge and Souset. Wordsworth was the most accomplished. British and American critics have always called Wordsworth's Lyrical Ballads - Preface an epoch-making manifesto of English Romanticism.

45. Shelley was the writer most influenced by idealistic socialism.

46. Chateaubriand and Madame de Sta?l were the pioneers of French Romantic literature in the early 19th century.

47. Muse was a talented Romantic poet and novelist. Muse has also been called the French "Shakespeare". The Confessions of a Century Child is Muse's autobiographical novel.

48. Dumas' masterpiece is The Lady of the Camellias.

49. The glorification of freedom and the yearning for democracy are the main themes of Russian Romantic literature. Zhukovsky was the founder of Russian Romantic poetry. He was named the first lyric poet in the history of Russian literature. The Decemberists poets and Pushkin were the mainstays of Russian Romantic literature. Lermontov's masterpiece is Heroes of Our Time.

50Washington Irving was the first writer to gain international fame after the founding of the United States, and is known as the "Father of American Literature".

51. Edgar Allan Poe is the most aesthetically pleasing writer in the history of American literature. He and France's Baudelaire are known as the ancestors of Western modernist literature.

52, Hawthorne was the most influential American Romantic novelist of the 19th century.

53、Whitman is the greatest poet of American Romanticism and a typical American poet, and his masterpiece Leaves of Grass is a product of the development of American Romantic literature to its peak. The poet used the image of blades of grass to symbolize the vibrant young America.

54. Victor Hugo was the main general and leader of French Romanticism, and the famous theoretical document of Romanticism, "Cromwell's Preface", published in 1827, was the symbol of Hugo's political progress from the royalist position, and the manifesto of French Romanticism. In the Preface to Cromwell, Hugo put forward the famous "principle of contrast between beauty and ugliness". Hugo in the novel **** the same characteristics of humanitarianism as the main line. Laborers at Sea" celebrates the struggle between man and nature. The most important novel in Hugo's later years is The Ninety-Three Years. Notre Dame de Paris is one of Hugo's masterpieces, which shows the struggle between man and religion with strong romantic colors. The World of Tragedy is one of Hugo's masterpieces which shows the struggle between man and society.

55. Pushkin is an important representative of Russian Romantic literature and the founder of Russian Realist literature. He was known as "the father of Russian literature" and "the sun of Russian poetry". The Postmaster is the first novel in Russian literature to depict the fate of a minor character. The poetic novel Yevgeny Onegin, one of Pushkin's most important works, is the first realistic poetic novel in Russia. It is the cornerstone of Russian realist literature. Onegin is the first example of the "superfluous man" in the history of Russian literature.

19th Century Literature (II)

56. Critical Realism was the first term introduced and used by Gorky.

57. France is the birthplace of critical realist literature. Flaubert is the distant ancestor of the modern western novel. The representative work is "Madame Bovary".

58, three British women writers are: Mrs. Gaskell, the first writer in European literary history to reflect the conflicts between labor and capital, the representative work of Mary Barton; Charlotte Bront?, the representative work of Jane Eyre; Emily Bront?, the representative work of Wuthering Heights.

59, Britain Thackeray's masterpiece is "Vanity Fair".

60, Stendhal is an outstanding French realist writer in the mid-19th century, one of the founders of French and European critical realist literature. The Abbey of Bama, Stendhal's masterpiece completed in only 52 days, was the only successful work during the author's lifetime. The Red and the Black is his masterpiece.

61, Balzac is the great representative of French critical realism literature in the 19th century. His "The Human Comedy" is a "remarkable" "realistic history" of French "society". The long novel The Partisans of Chouen is the beginning of his realist novel. The Human Comedy is organized into 3 main categories: Customary Studies, Philosophical Studies, and Analytical Studies.

62, Dickens is a great British realist writer of the 19th century, the main writer of British critical realism. The leading idea of his creation is humanitarianism. David Copperfield is an almost autobiographical novel. Hard Times reflects the sharp labor conflicts in Britain in the 40s and 50s. A Tale of Two Cities is one of his masterpieces.

63. Gogol was a great Russian writer, the founder of Russian critical realism and "naturalism". The Chinaman is one of Gogol's masterpieces, a satirical comedy. The main character is Khrestakov. Dead Souls" is one of Gogol's masterpieces. The main character, Poryushkin, is one of the Four Scrooges. The "tearful smile" is a characteristic feature of Gogol's creation.

64. Dostoevsky was a master of writing about the psychology of the common people and criminals in the lower class of the city, such as "The Poor" and "Crime and Punishment". The Brothers Karamazov summarizes his life's work.

19th Century Literature (III)

65. The mainstream of the late 19th century was still critical realism. Zola was the most French writer of the late 19th century and at the same time a passionate advocate of naturalism. The representative work is "The Germ".

66. Maupassant is one of the three "kings of the short story" in the world of literature. (The other two are Chekhov of Russia and O'Henry of the United States.) His masterpiece is "The Goat's Ball". Beautiful Friends" is a masterpiece of Maupassant's long story.

67, George Bernard Shaw is an outstanding British realist playwright. The masterpiece "Major Barbara".

68, Chekhov is the last great writer of 19th-century Russian critical realist literature, a master of the art of the short story and an outstanding dramatist. The Cherry Orchard was his last play. The short story "The Man in the Suit" is his masterpiece.

69. Hardy was an outstanding realist novelist and poet in Britain in the late 19th century. The representative work is Tess of the D'Urbervilles.

70. Tolstoy was an outstanding representative of Russian critical realist literature in the 19th century. His three major masterpieces are: War and Peace, a long historical novel written in 1863-1869, Anna Karenina, a long novel written in 1873-1877, and The Resurrection.

71. Henrik Ibsen is the creator of Norwegian literature and "social drama" and the founder of modern European theater. He is known as the "father of modern theater". His masterpiece is A Doll's House.

72. Three Western novels about women's issues are: Euripides' "King Medea" in Ancient Greece, Molière's "The School for Women" in France, and Ibsen's "A Doll's House" in Norway.

73, Mark Twain is an American critical realism novelist. The masterpiece "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn" is a typical American novel. It is a description of real American life in authentic American English.

Twentieth Century Literature (I)

74. Lawrence is a British writer of international reputation and the most controversial novelist of the 20th century. The representative work is Lady Chatterley's Lover.

75The three major masterpieces of the "Lost Generation": Germany's Remarque's No War on the Western Front, Britain's Aldington's A Hero's Death, and America's Ernest Hemingway's The Sun Also Rises.

76. O. Henry is a famous American short story master, known as "American Maupassant".

77. The long story "The Reclaimed Virgin Land" was written by the Soviet writer Sholokhov. Stillness on the Don is his masterpiece. He also had the middle grade novel "The Encounter of One".

78. The multi-volume collection of long stories, John Christopher, is an early masterpiece of French Romain Rolland. Christopher is a Beethovenian hero.

79. In 1926, Ernest Hemingway published his novel The Sun Also Rises, which became a typical representative of the "lost generation". It was the manifesto of the "lost generation". Another long novel, Farewell to Arms, is also one of his masterpieces. The Old Man and the Sea is Ernest Hemingway's masterpiece, and the main character, Santiago, is a tough guy.

Twentieth-Century Literature (II)

80. Modernism is a general term for a number of literary and artistic schools of thought. Modernism is characterized by anti-tradition and irrationality.

81、The representative writers of stream-of-consciousness novels are Joyce and Woolf in Britain, Proust in France and Faulkner in America.

82. "Four Quartets" was written by the English poet Eliot.

83. Kafka, a representative writer of expressionist novels, is the originator of modernist novels. The main character of The Metamorphosis is Gregor.

84, Joyce, an Irish writer, the 20th century modernist literary giant and master of stream-of-consciousness fiction. The main character of Ulysses, Portrait of a Young Tomatoist, is Stephen.

20th Century Literature (III)

85, Sartre's existentialism emphasized the smallness of man, the absurdity of the world, and the meaninglessness of existence. Existentialist writers include mainly Sartre, Camus, and Beauvoir in France. Sartre is the leading figure of existentialist philosophy and the main representative writer of existentialism. His major existentialist novels include Nausea, The Wall, Deathless, and Confinement. In "Confinement", "The other is hell" has become a famous saying that reveals the relationship between human beings in the western society and also expresses the philosophy of existentialism.

86. The New School of Fiction emerged in France.

87. Beckett's Waiting for Godot is an important work of absurdist theater.

88. Heller is a representative writer of "black humor" and a flag of "black humor". His masterpiece "The Twenty-Second Army Regulation" is a representative work of "black humor". The main character, Yusoline, is an "anti-hero" who is steeped in existentialism.

89. García Márquez is the most outstanding representative writer of Latin American magical realism. His masterpiece One Hundred Years of Solitude is also a masterpiece of magical realism.

Oriental Literature

90. The Book of the Dead in Ancient Egypt is a huge collection of religious poems and is the earliest written literature of mankind.

91, The crowning achievement of ancient Babylonian literature is the epic poem Gilgamesh, the earliest complete epic in world literature to be discovered. The main character Gilgamesh.

92, The Vedas are the most ancient collection of poetry in India. Since then there have been two famous epic poems, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana, in the history of ancient Indian literature.

93. Fables are also one of the major achievements of ancient Indian literature, of which the Five Books is a large collection of fables.

94, The Old Testament is the classic of the Hebrews.

95. The Garhuttas were ancient Indian playwrights. Shakuntala is his masterpiece of drama. The main character Shakuntala.

96. "Hanging Poetry" is a representative of early Arabic poetry.

97: "Manabu-ji" is the oldest collection of Japanese waka. Matsuo Basho is a famous haiku writer.

98, Saadi, a Persian poet. Representative work "Rose Garden".

99, The Tale of Genji is the masterpiece of Shikibu, the earliest long novel in the history of world literature.

100, The Thousand and One Nights is a collection of medieval Arabic folk tales. Such as "The Story of Aladdin and the Lamp", "The Story of Ali Baba and the Forty Robbers", "The Story of Sinbad's Sailing Journey".

101, Natsume Soseki is an outstanding representative of modern Japanese literature and enjoys world reputation. I Am a Cat" is Natsume Soseki's masterpiece.

102. Rabindranath Tagore is a landmark writer in the history of modern Indian literature. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature for "Gitanjali" in 1913, becoming the first Oriental writer to receive this honor. The Wreck is one of Tagore's masterpieces of long fiction.

103.In the development of modern Indian literature, Premchand is the representative writer of modern Indian literature.

104. Yasunari Kawabata is a famous modern Japanese novelist. His works include The Dancer of Izu, Snow Country, Kudo, and Chizuru.