Which language has the most variations in the world? What are the variants?

Which language has the most variations in the world? What are the variants?

The legendary Tabasaran language of the Caucasian family has more than 40 variations, and is recorded in the Guinness Book of Records

What are the countries of the world, and what languages do they speak?

There are 224 countries and territories in the world, of which 193 are countries and 31 are territories. Of these:

Asia (48 countries)

East Asia: China, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, Japan (5)

Southeast Asia: the Philippines, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, Indonesia,

East Timor (11)

South Asia: Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives (7)

Central Asia: Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan (5)

West Asia: Afghanistan, Iraq, Iran, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Israel, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Oman, Yemen, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Cyprus (20)

Europe (43 countries/1 region)

Northern Europe: Finland, Sweden, Norway, Iceland, Denmark Faroe Islands (Dan) (6)

Eastern Europe: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Belarus, Russia, Ukraine, Moldova (7) )

Central Europe: Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Liechtenstein (8)

Western Europe: United Kingdom, Ireland, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, Monaco (7)

Southern Europe: Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, Macedonia, Albania, Greece, Slovenia, Croatia Bosnia and Herzegovina

Italy, Vatican, San Marino, Malta, Spain, Portugal, Andorra (16)

AFRICA (53 countries/6 territories)

NORTH AFRICA: Egypt, Libya, Sudan, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Azores (Portugal), Madeira (Portugal) (8)

East Africa: Ethiopia, Eritrea, Somalia, Djibouti, Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Luanda, Burundi, Seychelles (10)

Central Africa: Chad, Central Africa, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Congo*** and the Republic of the Congo (i.e. Congo-Brazzaville), Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo (i.e. Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo), Sao Tome and Principe (8)

West Africa: Egypt, Libya, Sudan, Tunisia, Algeria, Morocco, Azores (Portugal), Madeira (Portugal) (8)

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West Africa: Mauritania, Western Sahara (note: not independent, see: for details), Senegal, Gambia, Mali, Burkina Faso, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Cape Verde, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Niger, Canary Islands (West) (18)

South Africa: Shambia, Angola, Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mothan Bic, Bozana, Nemibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Lesotho, Madagascar, Gemo, Mauritius, Réunion (F), St. Helena (E) (15)

How many languages are there in the world, and what are they?

How many languages are there in the world

Too many to say

Which language is spoken by the most people in the world, and is there an Esperanto?

Classification of World Languages

How many languages are there in the world? One says more than 7,000, one says more than 5,000, one says more than 2,000, there is no certainty. There are only 140 languages with more than one million speakers, of which Chinese has the largest number of speakers, accounting for about one-fifth of the world's population. That is why Chinese is one of the six working languages designated by the United Nations, the other five being English, Russian, German, French and Spanish. Some languages are spoken by only a few thousand or even a few hundred people, such as Native American Indian languages in the Americas and Oroqen and Hezhen languages in China.

There are two general criteria for the classification of world languages:

One is classification by structure, that is, by the characteristics of language structure.

1: Lexically attached languages. When the words of this kind of language are used in a sentence, the word form does not indicate the form of grammatical relations, and other words must be attached to the sentence in order to express the grammatical relations. For example, the word for time in Chinese must be added with the words ? Now, yesterday, tomorrow and other words can be expressed.

2 Alphabetic language. The main feature of this language is to rely on word endings, prefixes and suffixes (with a certain combination of letters) to produce grammatical forms, indicating a variety of language relations. For example, in English and Russian, the changes of sex, number, form and position of words are expressed by word endings and prefixes and suffixes. Most of the Indo-European languages belong to this type.

3. Mixed: both of the above. For example, in Japanese, the subject, gerund and object are represented by the letters \"が,に,を\", while the present and past tenses are represented by the words \"ぁります, ぁりますした\"。

Second, genealogical classification. Genealogical classification is based on the historical origin of the language, geographic location, kinship, the world's languages are divided into a number of language families, within the language family is divided into a number of language groups, and below the language group is divided into a number of language branches.

The classification of the world's languages varies. Some of the more famous ones are:

1. Peking University Classification

Professor Xu Tonglang and Hu Jicheng of the Chinese Department of Peking University classified the world's languages into 13 language families and 45 language groups. These 13 language families are: Sino-Tibetan, Indo-European, Caucasian, Uralic, Altaic, Dravidian, South Asian, South Island, Semitic-Hamitic, Niger-Kordofan, Nilotic-Saharan, Khoisan, and North American Indian.

2. Genetic Classification, Simon University, UK

(1) Eurasian languages, including Sino-Tibetan, Indo-European.

(2) . Pacific and African language families, including . The languages of countries other than the Eurasian language family, North and South America.

(3). The North American language family: the indigenous Indian languages of North America.

(4). South American languages: Indigenous Indian languages of South America.

3. Australian National Standard Classification of Languages (ANSCL)

Nordic language family, 5 language families, 16 language branches

South European language family, 5 language families, 16 language branches

East European language family, 7 language families, 25 language branches

Southwest Asian and North African language family, 3 language families, 21 language branches

South Asian language family, 5 language families 16 language families

Southeast Asian language families, 3 language families, 23 languages

East Asian language families, 4 language families, 15 language families

Australian earth language families, 8 language families, 56 language families

Other language families, 7 language families, 41 language families

4. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), United States of America, Classification (entirely by (by region)

African language families: North African, South African, East African, West African

Asian language families: North Asian, South Asian, East Asian, West Asian, Central Asian, Southeast Asian

Australo-Pacific language families: Australia and the Pacific island nations.

North American family of languages: North American languages, including indigenous Indian languages.

South American family of languages: the languages of South America, including indigenous Indian languages.

The European language family: Germanic languages, including English, German, Dutch, and the major Scandinavian languages. Latin group, including French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian. The Slavic group includes Russian, Bulgarian and Polish. The Baltic language group includes Latvian and Lithuanian.

All of the above classifications have the *** same drawback that none of them include artificial international languages in the classification. In today's world, where artificial international languages have become so popular, this is a pity.

In view of the above, a more reasonable classification would be:

I. Indo-European languages

I. Indo-European languages

II.

Indo-European family

The Indo-European family is the largest language family, which is divided into Germanic, Latin, Slavic, Baltic, Indian, Iranian, and other language groups. In addition to Asia (excluding South Asia), most countries in all continents have adopted Indo-European languages as their mother tongue or official language. The number of speakers is about 4 billion, accounting for 70% of the world's population.

Indo-European languages can be divided into:

Latin: including French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese and Romanian.

Germanic languages: including English, German, Dutch, Scandinavian major languages.

The Slavic group: there are Russian, Bulgarian, Polish, Serbian and so on.

The Baltic language group includes Latvian, Lithuanian, etc.

The Indian language group includes Sanskrit, Hindi, Pali, the Dharavitian branch (the languages of southern India belong to this branch) and so on.

The Iranian language group includes Persian, Afghan, and so on.

Caucasian group The languages of this group are distributed in the Caucasus, and the main languages are Georgian, Chechen, and so on.

The Urals are divided into the Finnish branch and the Ugric branch. The former includes Finnish and Estonian, and the latter includes Hungarian and Mansi.

II. Sino-Tibetan It is the second largest language after Indo-European. There are about 1.5 billion speakers. It is subdivided into Chinese and Tibetan-Burmese, Zhuang-Dong, Miao-Yao and other language groups, including Chinese, Tibetan, Burmese, Karen, Zhuang, Miao, Yao and so on. It also includes the Altaic language groups, such as the Western Altaic language group and the Eastern Altaic language group. The former includes the languages of the Turku Que and the Chuvash language in the former Soviet Union, and the latter includes the Mongolian language and the Evangelical language in the former Soviet Union.

Third: African-Pacific languages: Including the languages of countries other than the Eurasian language family, North and South America. This language is spoken in Africa and the Pacific countries.

Nilo-Saharan: mainly the languages of the countries in the north and west of Africa,

Niger-Congo: mainly the languages of the countries in central Africa, such as Nigerian, Congolese, Swahili and so on.

Khoisan: The languages of southern and eastern Africa, including Hottentots (Nyamibia), Bushmen (South Africa), and Sundawi (Tanzania).

The Semitic-Hamitic language group (Semitic-Hamitic). Mainly used in the Middle East. It is subdivided into the Semitic and Hamitic language groups. The former includes Hebrew, Arabic, etc., and the latter includes Ancient Egyptian and Hausa.

South Island language group: mainly Southeast Asia and the Pacific island languages, such as Indonesian, Malay, Javanese, Fijian, Maori and so on.

Indigenous Indian languages of North and South America. The languages of the indigenous Indians of North and South America, such as Mayan, Eskimo-Aleutian, etc.

Australia.

Australian indigenous languages.

IV. Artificial International Language System

The differences in the languages of different countries have become an insurmountable obstacle to people's interaction with each other. Throughout history, people have longed for a **** the same language. Especially in today's information technology, there is a greater need for an international common language to realize people's mutual communication. The first man-made language that gained greater influence in the international arena was Volapuk, created by German Patriarch Schleyer in 1879. In 1887, Esperanto was created by the Polish Chaimenhof. Esperanto (Mondlango). In addition to Wolapuk, Mondlango and Esperanto, other influential artificial languages include: Ido, Oidental, Novial, Interlingua, Glosa, Atlango, and so on.

Introduction to Esperanto

Esperanto (Esperanto) was created in 1887 by a Polish man, Zaimenhof, and the root of the word comes mainly from Latin. It has a history of more than one hundred years now. Esperanto is easy to learn because of its simple, logical and regular structure. Compared to other languages, Esperanto can be learned in a fraction of the time it takes to achieve the same level of fluency. Esperanto is an international language. Esperanto is more international than French, English, Japanese, etc. because it breaks down the barriers of different countries and cultures and is status neutral. Esperanto is not affiliated with any race, country, or religion, allowing people from different places to converse fairly, without giving any party an advantage in conversation just because their ****tongue is that party's native language.

Introduction to Mondulkanese

Mondulkanese is a relatively recent addition to the list of artificial international languages, but it is precisely because of this that it has been able to incorporate the strengths of national languages and artificial international languages, and discard their weaknesses, to become the most reasonable language. Mondlango is an international auxiliary language created by Mr. He Yafu, a Chinese scholar. Mondlango is based on Esperanto and English, and has absorbed some Chinese elements in grammar. It adopts the most common Latin alphabet in the world. As long as one learns the pronunciation and spelling rules of the 26 letters, he/she can read and write any word. The pronunciation and spelling of all words are identical. The vocabulary of Tatungu is mainly derived from English and internationalized word roots, together with word beginnings and endings, making it a language with strong word formation and easy to learn and remember. Grammar: The endings of words are used to indicate the nature of words, and the changes are simple and regular. The basic word order is \"subject + predicate + object\", which is the same as the basic word order of Chinese and English. English is currently the most commonly spoken language in the world, with a population of more than 1.4 billion in the Commonwealth of Nations, North American countries, and South Asian countries. In addition, each country has many people who understand English, especially intellectuals, international scientific and technological trade exchanges are currently based on English, so it is very wise to base on English, more easily accepted by the world's people.

Which______________number of people in the world?

Which__language__does_the_largest________number of people in the world?

Which__language__does_the_largestnumber_of_people_in_the_world?

I think it's Chinese, because it's so populous.

Which language has the longest history in the world

The origin of language is as old as the origin of human beings. But there are only a few thousand years of written records of language materials, and we know almost nothing about what was spoken in the tens of thousands of years before that. Therefore, all the explanations about the origin of language so far are only hypotheses. Some people put forward the "exclamation theory", that language originated from the exclamation to express emotion; some people put forward the "labor shouting theory", that language originated from the shouting in the heavy labor; some people put forward the "facsimile sound theory ", that language originated from the imitation of the original sounds of nature; some people put forward the "Dada said", that language originated from the "Dada" sound tongue movements and gestures; and some people put forward the Others put forward the "Dada theory" that language originated from the tongue movements and gestures of the "Dada"; others put forward the "singing theory" that language originated from the unclear chants in the primitive rituals, and so on. All these hypotheses could not be verified by facts, so no one among scientists could convince anyone. In order to avoid this kind of fruitless debate, there is a linguistic society in foreign countries in the constitution of the explicitly stipulated that all the participants are not allowed to talk about the origin of language.

Most experts in China accept the Marxist theory of the origin of language, which holds that "labor creates language". Our ancestors needed to work together and cooperate with each other when they fought against natural disasters in production and labor, and naturally they needed to use some kind of signals to unify their actions, and all kinds of signals, if marked by a certain sound, became the original language. We can imagine a group of people lifting a log together. In order to unify the timing and direction of exertion, don't we always have to shout "Hi-Yo, Hi-Yo"? This "Hi-Yo, Hi-Yo" may not have any specific meaning at first, but over time, people will naturally think of the meaning of "lifting something" when they hear this call, so "Hi-Yo, Hi-Yo" became the original word. "became the original language. Of course, there are two other important conditions for the emergence of language, which is the complexity of the articulation organs and brain thinking. Labor so that the hominids can walk upright, so that their organs of articulation is conducive to a variety of sounds; at the same time, so that the hands and a variety of things more frequent contact, *** the function of the brain, promote the development of thinking.

What was the original language that was just created? Now we can only be sure that it is sound and meaningful, and there is no way to know

From ancient times to the present, human beings have been interested in the origin of language, and put forward a variety of explanations.

Originally, when human social sciences were not well developed, people chose religion to explain the origin of language. Ancient Greek philosopher Surgelardy once asserted that God gave names to all things and beings on earth, so words are sacred things that can communicate with God and are rich in magic. The ancient Western view was that language was created by God. The book of Genesis in the Old Testament and the book of Revelation of John in the New Testament talk about the birth of language, mentioning that God gave Adam the supreme power to give names to all things.

Even some ancient emperors were interested in the creation of human language. An ancient Egyptian king once took an unexpected approach to finding out what the original human language actually was. Once, a child was born, he ordered a shepherd to put the child into the wilderness, ordered him not to say anything to the child, but also while herding sheep, while taking care of the child, and so the child said the first word immediately to report. A year later, the child said the first word bekos, the king immediately called scholars to study the origin of the word, and later found that it was the meaning of bread in the Fergharian language, the king thought that the earliest word spoken by human beings was bread.

However, due to the lack of credible evidence for the study of pre-written languages, the question of the origin of language actually remains only a matter of conjecture; in the 1830s, a world congress of languages was held in France, at which a resolution was passed recognizing that speculation about the origin of language, from Socrates and Plato to the present day, was empty, and calling for the banning of all future talk about the origin of language. This resolution has been influential up to now. This resolution has been influential until now, and many modern linguists do not pay much attention to the origin of language, and seldom study it.

But the resolution could not extinguish the curiosity of human beings, and it has always been an open question for human linguists. 1934, Turkey held a national linguistic conference to study what the world's first word was, and the experts at the conference, half of them speculating and half of them comparing, suggested that the sun was the earliest word spoken by human beings. And the specific process in which the conclusion was reached, because of the lack of records has not been made very clear.

The reasons for the emergence of language have always been very diverse, and the debate about what was the first word uttered by humans has never died down.

What caused language to emerge? This is a matter of opinion. There are four main theories to explain the birth of language. The first is that human language comes from imitation, for example, when ancient humans saw a dog barking in the wilderness, they learned the dog's bark and called it "woof woof", and then slowly used the "woof woof" sound to refer to the dog. The second point of view is the "Tinkerbell theory" that appeared in the early 19th century, i.e. naturalistic theory. This theory holds that everything in the world has an essence, and when that essence makes a sound, there is an echo, which creates many words, such as ball in English, where the b stands for elasticity and the all stands for a rounded object. The third view is the familiar Marxist theory of the origin of language, which suggests that labor creates language, and that the original language developed from trumpets in labor. The fourth view proposes that language arises from feelings, and that powerful currents of air, under the impact of feelings such as expressed anger and pleasure, produce language through the vocal cords, and argues that the sounds made by the basic human feelings of joy, anger, sadness, and joy, form the most basic vocabulary.

The debate about the earliest words uttered by humans has never subsided. An American linguist believes that the earliest emergence of language is nouns, should be the most commonly contacted things in life, such as various foods; second should be adjectives, such as describing flowers, plants, trees characteristics of things; third is the call language, refers to the words used to call, express instructions. These words related to communication are closely related to human existence. This argument, from the cognitive point of view, recognizes that the birth of language should be related to human survival and social development, and it does have some scientific basis.

There are also some experts from the physiological study, they found that the m, b and p pronunciation is easier, these letters start vocabulary, human beings are the most easy to pronounce the words, babies, even in the absence of teeth, m, b, p sound is easy to pronounce, if the sound and the first contact with the things contact, the earliest vocabulary was born. At present, there is no evidence to prove whether b, p first or which of the words beginning with m appeared first, but it is a fact that the words beginning with m occupy an important position in the western languages. In English, for example, there are a lot of words related to m. A large number of words that express the source of life, nurture, care, nature, behavior, memory, food, character, and so on, are m.

The world's languages are diverse, but their origins are surprisingly consistent.

Why do the world's many languages show such internal consistency? "The human capacity for language is intrinsic, not acquired; all that is acquired is the ability to organize complex language. For example, when a child wants to eat milk, the initial sound is ma-ma, papa, in the Indo-European language system the word mama first refers to ***. Also the sound humans make when tasting food is related to the m sound. The relatively large number of various words derived from m does suggest that the origin of human vocabulary is closely related to m."

It is argued that the process of children's language learning is a living specimen for the study of ancient human language learning, and how much of it can be referenced? According to Prof. Zhu, human language was already in existence when modern infants learned language, and the parents with whom they were often in contact had already mastered the language. This is an entirely different matter from the creation of language by primitive humans in the wilderness. Sociolinguistics proves that the law of language creation is two or three words at the beginning and then increasing. The laws of modern language do not prove how language was created, and all the information available to date on how children learn language does not indicate the origin of human language.

Besides, the parents' expressions affect the babies, and even if they talk about their mothers, it is the result of their education. Even if a mother deliberately does not speak to her baby and waits for the child to say the first word on its own, it is difficult to prove the origin of human language. Because the child is in the house and hears the language exchanged between the parents, and humans are naturally imitative, the infant may hear only a few words, so it cannot be proven that the first one he utters is the first word uttered by an ancient human.

There are also experts who speak of comparing the sounds made by orangutans with human language, hoping to restore the context in which humans learn language, but these efforts have failed. Prof. Zhu pointed out that primates can make nine sounds, all related to survival, but not language. Whereas humans may have dozens of ways of saying that there is danger ahead, orangutans can only make "ah" noises, which can only be repeated. Human research on language has tried to teach orangutans to speak to see if there is a predisposition to mastering language, and found that orangutans do not have the ability to learn language, proving that the ability to learn language is unique to humans, and trying to find out from the orangutans about the origins of human language naturally did not work.

The earliest human words were most likely produced in temperate regions, and the meaning of the first words spoken by ancient humans would have been the same in all regions.

How did human language come about? And at what time? What was the first word spoken by the ancestors? What was the first word spoken by the first people, and what was the mystery of the long search?

It is reassuring to know that in the study of Lithuanian, which is considered to be the ancestor of the Indo-European languages, experts have found that the earliest words were "wolf", "tree", and words for tools of production. These are confirmed in other languages, while words for tropical climatic situations do not exist, which suggests that the earliest Indo-European languages were produced in the temperate zones, and that the earliest words of mankind also arose in the temperate zones.

The emergence of vocabulary is closely related to society, and the words that are most indispensable to human life are most likely to be the first words. Although the pronunciation of words may be different in different parts of the world, the meaning of the first words should be similar, and should be related to food and shelter, which is determined by the social nature of language. And to completely get rid of speculation and clear up the mystery of the origin of human language still needs newer evidence as well as the ****same efforts of experts in the fields of linguistics, archaeology, anthropology, and so on. (Reprinted from 360Q&A)

How many languages are there in the world? What are some of them? (All)

5000-7000

Do we need to write them all out

What are the fighting styles in the world?

Chinese Jeet Kune Do (created by Bruce Lee) Japanese Ninjutsu, Chinese Martial Arts, Japanese Karate, Japanese Aikido, Japanese Judo, Korean Kickboxing, Muay Thai, Western Boxing, French Kickboxing, Israeli Maga, Burmese Boxing, Brazilian Jiu-Jitsu, Brazilian Capoeira,

What kinds of sugar are there in the world?

Cube candy, chocolate, Swiss candy, fruit candy, assorted candy, milk candy, peanut candy, sesame candy, corn candy, mints, lollipops, marshmallows, crispy candies, gummy candies, toffee, coconut candies, and hopping candy.

Arrow Category: Green Arrow, Yellow Arrow, White Arrow, Coffee, Green Arrow Green Tea.

Yield Category: Yield Blueberry, Yield Lemon, Yield Mint, Yield Watermelon .

Bottled Xylitol: Yield Mint, Yield Strawberry, Yield Papaya, Longyear, Yield Herbal, Yield White.

Classification of sugars

1. Monosaccharides (Monosaharide): can not be hydrolyzed to a simpler form of sugar, according to the number of carbon atoms can be differentiated into three-carbon sugar, four-carbon sugar, five-carbon sugar, six-carbon sugar, seven-carbon sugar, eight-carbon sugar and so on.

Glucose:? From starch, sucrose maltose and lactose hydrolysis products, is the organization used by the most important kind of sugar. In diabetic patients, high levels of glucose are detected in the urine, which is commonly known as diabetes.

2. Disaharide: refers to the hydrolysis of two molecules of the same or different monosaccharides, such as sucrose, lactose and maltose.