What is Zhao Zhouqiao? ~~

It is Anji Bridge, which is located on the river south of Zhao County. Because Zhao county was called Zhaozhou in ancient times, it is also called, and because the bridge is made of stone, it is commonly known as Dashiqiao. 196 1 was listed as the first batch of national key cultural relics protection units in the State Council. 199 1 year, American Society of Civil Engineers selected Anji Bridge as a milestone in international historical civil engineering 12.

Anji Bridge was built from the 15th year of Huang Kai in Sui Dynasty to the first year of Daye (AD 595-605) and supervised by craftsman Li Chun, with a history of 1400 years. This bridge is strong and magnificent. The total length is 64.4 meters and the vault is 9 meters wide. The design of the bridge completely conforms to scientific principles, and the construction technology is unique. Zhang, the prime minister of the Tang Dynasty, said in the inscription of Dashiqiao in Zhaozhou: "It is made strangely, and people don't know what it is." Overall, it is a single arch bridge. The arch was 37.02 meters long and was the longest stone arch in the world at that time. Bridge opening is not an ordinary semicircle, but like a bow. The bridge deck is flat and wide, and it becomes a "flat arch", which gives consideration to land and water traffic and is convenient for vehicles and horses to run. This stone arch consists of 28 arch rings, each of which can stand independently to form a whole, which is convenient for independent construction and maintenance. Such a long-span flat arch has great horizontal thrust on the abutment and is difficult to construct. However, the abutment is a shallow and small ordinary rectangle with a thickness of only 1.549 m, which is made of five rows of stones. Its foundation is sub-clay, and its bearing capacity is small. It is rare in the world to build such a small abutment and such a large-span stone arch bridge on such a foundation.

The greatest scientific contribution of Anji Bridge is that it has created an "open-shouldered arch". On the two shoulders of the big arch, there are four parallel small arches, which not only increase the water passage, save stone and reduce the weight of the bridge, but also facilitate the passive pressure of the small arches on the big arch and enhance the stability of the bridge. This effectively ensures that Anji Bridge has survived numerous floods, eight major earthquakes and the heavy weight of vehicles for thousands of years in the history of 1000 years.

Zhao Zhouqiao is a masterpiece in the history of bridge building in China. It was built by Li Chun, an outstanding craftsman in Sui Dynasty, and many masons. It is one of the four famous treasures in northern China. But in folklore, it is believed that this bridge was built by the skillful craftsman Lu Ban. It is said that in the past, the turbid waves of the river rolled and surged down, and people on both sides of the strait had to rely on wooden boats to ferry. One night, the moonlight was bright, and Lu Ban, the founder of the carpenter, came here with glistening sheep. In a blink of an eye, the sheep became all kinds of stones and sat in the river. Luban took advantage of the opportunity to start work with a hammer, and by dawn,

A strange and magnificent "Zhao Zhouqiao" is covered with morning light, and Tingting stands by the river. The good news immediately sensationalized the people and spread all over the heavens. Zhang is a member. He was very surprised and invited the King of Cheshire to try the bridge together. Zhang rode a donkey in front, and the wallet on the donkey's back contained the sun and the moon; Officer Chai is pushing a cart behind, carrying the Five Mountains. Walking in the middle of the bridge, the bridge is crumbling. Seeing that the situation was not good, Lu Ban jumped into the water and held the bridge with his hand. This stone bridge is safe and sound. After so much pressure, the bridge is more stable. Results Clear donkey hoof prints and driveway ditches were left on the bridge deck. Luban's handprint was left at the bottom of the bridge. As the folk song "Little Cowherd" sings: "Grandpa Luban of Zhaozhou Shiqiao repaired, and the sage of the jade railing stayed; Zhang rides the donkey bridge and the firewood rolls over the ditch. "

Anji Bridge occupies an important position in the history of bridge construction, which has a far-reaching influence on the bridge construction in later generations in China. Especially, the application of "split-shoulder arch" is the first time in the history of bridges in the world, and it is also the first split-shoulder arch bridge in the world. In Europe, it was not until 1883 that the stone arch bridge of Antoinette Railway built in France and the big stone bridge built in Luxembourg started the construction of long-span open-shouldered arch bridge in Europe, which was nearly 1300 years later than Anji Bridge. Western bridge experts who know Anji Bridge also believe that the open-shouldered arch building of Anji Bridge is the ancestor of many modern reinforced concrete bridges, which has opened a generation of bridge style.

Anji Bridge is the first new structure in the history of bridge engineering, which shows exquisite construction technology and is also an artistic treasure. It spans the Weihe River, just like a Changhong flying frame, with huge body and magnificent momentum. On the curved and flat main arch line, there are four small arches lying symmetrically, like four giant garlands, decorated on the bridge shoulders. The outline is clear, the lines are bright, and in the grandeur, it reveals a rich and light aesthetic feeling. At the top of the bridge, an imaginary water-absorbing beast was created, which entrusted the bridge with a good wish of being free from water damage and enduring for a long time; Exquisite stone carvings, various dragons, animal faces, floral ornaments, bamboo joints, etc. Carved on fences and sentries, especially dragons. The dragon is either entrenched in the game or landed in the water, unpredictable and its expression is extremely moving. The carving method is vigorous and powerful, and the artistic style is novel and bold.