Are there any writing essentials in writing lyrics? Are there any writing rules in modern poetry?

What skills are there in the process of word filling?

First, the most basic language skills of lyrics writing are easy to understand. We often use some metaphors in lyrics writing, but these metaphors must be common and can quickly form a complete image in people's minds. If the image is too far away, then people will have a vague sense, which is not conducive to singing. And clear images can help people understand the lyrics. For example, Two Butterflies, which we just popularized, is a typical example. Honey, you fly slowly, and be careful of the thorny rose in front. Honey, if you open your mouth, the fragrance of flowers in the wind will make you intoxicated. Dear, you fly with me and look at the stream through the jungle mist-you have caught people's thoughts and feelings at once, and you have brought people into that artistic conception at once.

Second, another writing skill of lyrics writing is conciseness and accuracy. It is very important that the language of lyrics is concise. A word can never express two meanings, which requires the basic skills of language and the ability to grasp language. This basic skill can't be practiced overnight. You need to read a lot of books and accumulate a lot of vocabulary to complete it. Du Fu said: "Reading is like a superb pen", which is very incisive. Only by breaking thousands of books and taking the road of ten thousand can we get it easily. At this point, I think Du Xin's "Unknown Numbers" is well written: "If there is no way out, it is better to bless me and let love end gloriously. Without blessing, you can at least give some help and let the other party admit defeat frankly. It's best to make a clear distinction without help. Don't be too vague-the language is very concise and accurate.

Third, loanwords in lyrics writing. Due to the integration of eastern and western cultures, there are more and more loanwords in lyrics creation, which constitutes another highlight of lyrics creation. Nowadays, many excellent lyric writers are quoting foreign words, especially those in Hong Kong and Taiwan songs. Of course, this is related to its specific historical background, but it is also a signal. As early as Li Anxiu's Simple Girl, the words "lauc" and "project" appeared by leaps and bounds. Later, many songs actually appeared in English. These loanwords are interspersed in Chinese lyrics, making the lyrics more appealing, especially to young fans.

In short, the language skills of lyrics writing are very rich, so we should pay more attention to the development trend of pop songs as much as possible in the process of lyrics writing. Provide more nutrients for lyrics creation.

First, the characteristics of lyrics

Ours has been established for a long time. Since its establishment, many lyricists have been to the square, which adds a lot of color to the square, but overall, it is a little worse than the column "Original Poetry". What is the reason? The main reason is that some writers' consciousness is very vague, and they don't know the difference between poetry and lyrics, let alone the basic characteristics of lyrics.

To solve these problems, we must first understand what lyrics are. What is the relationship between lyrics and poetry? What's the difference between lyrics and poems? Let me talk about my personal views on this issue. From the artistic form alone, there is no essential difference between lyrics and poetry. They are all a form of poetry. In ancient times, ci and poetry were integrated, and from primitive folk songs to Tang poetry, Song poetry and Yuanqu, music was basically used to sing, which is one of the traditional characteristics of China's poetry. So they all originated from lyrics, but with the progress of society and the development of culture and art, poetry and song gradually separated into two different forms, which can be sung or not. At this time, people are used to calling the songs they can sing lyrics; What you can't sing is called poetry. In fact, in retrospect, they are sister arts in the same strain.

Poems with music and poems without music are both poems from an artistic point of view, so the lyrics have all the characteristics and expressions of poetry writing, but the difference is that the lyrics need music, so they should be concise, conducive to singing and being accepted by people. Structurally speaking, because it is to be sung by music, its language, rhyme and expression should conform to the rules of music. In other words, the writing of lyrics is restricted by the rhythm and melody of music to some extent.

As the soul of a song, lyrics are an organic whole of the song. Its quality directly affects the quality of songs. We can look at all the songs that can be sung in a short time, and there is a good word with great artistic conception. So what is a good word? That is, the lyrics with vivid language, vivid image and sense of the times are all good songs. For example, Taiwan Province campus songs "Walking on Country Roads", "Grandma's Penghu Bay" and "Dad's Straw Shoes" which swept the mainland in the 1980s; For example, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, with the return of Hongkong to China, the Great Wall of Wan Li will fall down forever. After entering the new century, a number of excellent songs such as "Go home often and see" and "Two Butterflies" have appeared. The artistic conception of the text is beautiful and the language is vivid. Good lyrics can stimulate the songwriter's creative desire, inspire the songwriter's creative inspiration, and bring the songwriter into that wonderful artistic conception, so as to create a song that conforms to the artistic conception of the lyrics, thus achieving the artistic effect of combining lyrics with songs. The ancients said: "A good horse with a good saddle", a good song, can achieve a high artistic effect.

Generally speaking, good lyrics have profound ideological connotation and extension, which can highly summarize real life and people's thoughts and feelings. Through vivid literary language, it depicts a distinct artistic image; The language of lyrics should be easy to understand, short and pithy, and can be loved by people; The writing of lyrics should have a sense of rhythm, rhythm, musicality, easy to sing and remember, and easy to understand.

Modern poetry:

The first class is an introduction to poetry.

Significance: The freedom of poetry expresses the transcendental pursuit in the soul of individual life. Young people are in the age of ideal pursuit, and writing poetry is only a once-in-a-century thing. Poetry has a permanent aesthetic life and is the highest form of literature.

Definition: statement, feeling, imagination, feeling, convention, rhyme, language structure, synthesis, etc. These definitions are all one-sided. Poetry is a literary genre that directly expresses the psychological activities of the creative subject and has a certain language form. It can be called "expression theory". Fundamentally speaking, it is to show the dynamic essence of man as the creative subject, rather than to reflect things outside the creative subject. In order to truly express the poet's psychological activities, we often ignore how the objective things reflected by psychological activities are deformed.

Second, speak poetic language.

The most natural literary language, special function:

A, lyrical, close to describing music with small functions.

B, organic information system, in a word, can produce magical effect. For example, the word "Zhu Men" in "Zhu Men Wine and Meat Smell" has become synonymous with the ruling class, with many meanings and feelings of the author and readers.

C, independent aesthetic value, can play. Novels can tell stories without language, and poetry cannot do without language.

D, the general requirement is to express the psychological feelings of personality.

There are four specific requirements: first, polysemy, which has both superficial and deep meaning. Mainly through symbolic means. Such as pine, plum blossom, snow bamboo, Great Wall, lily and so on. Traditional symbols are too rational and form a rigid routine. There are hints, puns, euphemisms, etc

The second is jumping, which exceeds any stylistic language. Because of the rapid psychological activity. Do not use any prepositions, conjunctions and other Chinese media conjunctions. For example, "Maodian crows on the moon, Banqiao frost is cold and cheerless". It can also be logically chaotic and arbitrarily staggered. For example, time and space crisscross. For example, in Love on My Back, the poet fell in love with an ancient beauty.

The third is sensibility, which should have a sense of color, three-dimensional sense and concreteness (turning abstraction into concreteness). There are pictures in the poem.

Fourthly, musicality includes both internal musicality, that is, the rhythm of emotions, and external musicality, that is, the cycle of sound (rhyme, rhythm and tone). Play a regulatory role in primitive feelings. Rhythm is the decisive factor, the rhythm of things and the physiological rhythm of people-the adjustment of breathing and the reflection of motor sensation, the regular arrangement of sound groups and pauses. A word, a syllable, a monosyllable, a disyllable or a polysyllable with independent meaning form a sound group, and each sound group is followed by a long or short pause. Ancient Poetry: The five-word "two, two, one" new poetry is free and open, with unique creation and regular changes.

The earliest poems can be sung, regardless of poems. Primitive lyric poetry is mainly music. In China, after Shen Yue wrote four tones in the Six Dynasties, poetry began to differentiate from poetry. However, poetry and music have the same effect. Many Tang poems were set to music. The musical function of poetry is to control primitive, rough and strong feelings, make them become regular movements, deepen poetry, attract readers' aesthetic attention, and get rid of some practical non-poetic concepts. Intrinsic musicality is the rhythm of inner feelings, that is, ups and downs, length, speed and so on. The external musicality is mainly manifested in the circulation of sound, which can be said to be the proportional relationship of numbers. 

Mainly: rhyming is to make the last syllable of related poems the same or similar. Keep an open attitude towards rhyme and respect the poet's artistic pursuit; As long as the inner feelings are perfectly conveyed, it is dispensable. Blank poems can express musicality in other ways, such as arranging poems.

First, choose the rhyme. Similar rhymes form rhymes. At present, there are thirteen kinds of roads, namely, Middle East, Renchen, Jiangyang, Yan Qian, Fahua, Huailai, Hudui, Yaotiao, Youqiu, Sobo, Yiqi, Gusu and Mixie. The pronunciation position and opening of each rhyme are different, and the range is also different. Some are loud, high-spirited and excited, such as Jiang Yang and Fahua. Some have low loudness and heavy depression, such as ash pile, 17, etc. Choose rhyme according to emotion, and change rhyme according to emotion.

Followed by rhyme. In long poems, the change of emotional flow will be reflected in the phonetic form. If a rhyme comes to the end, it is easy to give people a sense of monotony and fatigue. Rhyme can shake the spirit of literature. Such as "Moonlit Night on a Spring River", four sentences and one rhyme are fluent, beautiful and tactful, and euphemistic and touching.

Once again, it rhymes. There are mainly conjunctions rhyming-every line rhymes, every sentence rhymes-there is a requirement in ancient times that "no matter what the 135 is, the 246 is distinct", rhyming-two sentences are combined into one, such as the letter rhymes-the first line rhymes with the third line, and the second line rhymes with the third line. There are other rhymes, the first and fourth lines rhyme, and the second and third lines rhyme. This is the authentic rhyme of western sonnets.

Changes of pitch and sound length in the process of tone pronunciation. Shen Yue's Four Tones Spectrum first studied this problem. New poetry can only be noticed. Especially when you need to recite poems.

Rhythm is a musical term, which is the decisive factor of the external musicality of poetry. In nature and life, everything has a rhythm. The rhythm of poetry is the rhythm of things, the physiological rhythm of people-the adjustment of breathing and the reflection of sports feeling. Poetry rhythm is a regular arrangement of sound groups and pauses. In Chinese, a word is generally a syllable, and monosyllables, disyllables or polysyllables with independent meanings form a phonetic group, and each group is followed by a long or short pause.

The rhythm of ancient poetry: five words "two, two, one"; Seven words "two, two, two, one". The rhythm of new poetry: free and open, unique creation; Each line is roughly the same and changes regularly.

Third lecture poetry branch

There are no fixed musical rules for ancient poetry in new poetry. Western branches are introduced to strengthen the sense of rhythm and melody in order to achieve musical effects.

A. branches vary in length, density and height according to poetry. Poetry lines follow the inherent law of poetry-emotional rhythm, and its form is a structural form that intuitively shows inner feelings. Whitman expressed his bold, free and romantic feelings at the time of the founding of the People's Republic of China. His poems are very long, just like the vastness of the New World. Mayakovski showed the drastic changes of the October Revolution, and his lines were stepped and undulating.

The use of ellipsis and jumping in poetic lines is arbitrary and produces new structural meanings. The juxtaposition of the upper and lower lines produces a new idea: "Zhumen wine stinks, and the road has frozen bones."

C. branches change visual intervals into auditory intervals to express rhythm. This is the effect of reading. Reading together can't reflect the rhythm.

D. branches attract aesthetic attention and make people appreciate it with poetic psychology.

Requirements: a. Pay attention to the organic combination of lines. The key is to cross lines-one sentence accounts for more than two lines. This is to make people stop and concentrate on appreciating the next line-emphasizing the most valuable and brilliant language.

B. Branches are changeable and should be original. Such as traditional emotional mode, into pictographic mode and cognitive mode.

C this branch pays more attention to the visual effect of poetry, and changes from "auditory art" to "visual art". This is because the inherent complexity and multilayer of new poetry are difficult to express directly through recitation, and only the arrangement of words can maintain poetry. Kale (America) believes that whether a passage is a poem or not does not necessarily depend on the language itself, but on the arrangement of the words, that is, the visual form. A piece of news can be organized into a poem: Yesterday, a car crashed into a French phoenix tree on the No.7 expressway at a speed of 100 km/h, killing all four people.

Visually emphasized keywords. Such as "crash", contains more psychological capacity. "Death" is sudden and shocking.

The fourth lesson is dialectical skills.

Poetry pays more attention to dialectical skills. Poetry is an artistic life, and only dialectical skills can be used to write it well.

For example, there are subjectivity and objectivity, ego and non-ego in the relationship between subject and object; From the perspective of artistic conception, tangible and spiritual, virtual and real, big and small, hidden and exposed, complete and incomplete, abstract and concrete, finite and infinite, similar and different, simple and complex, exaggeration and realism. From the artistic expression, there are sparse and dense, curved and straight, broken and continuous, out and in, positive and negative, restrained and uplifted, skillful and clumsy, alive and familiar. From the artistic style, there are gorgeous simplicity, natural carving, vigorous and stiff, masculine and feminine, and calm and elegant.

Key points:

1. With or without me: I am self-conscious. Self-absence is the transcendence of self, not the cancellation of personality. If you don't have me, you will forget yourself, that is, your mind will gallop freely and blend with foreign things to reach the realm of forgetting both things and me; Second, it refers to the individual, the country, the nation and the times. Only I can be sincere and have personality. No self can be infinite, nor can it have universality and a sense of history.

2. finiteness and infinity: finiteness refers to concrete poems; Infinity refers to the connotation in a poem. The key is to write well.

3. Imagination and reality: reality is the information directly conveyed to readers through the description of objective objects. Virtual is the information that readers get indirectly through association and imagination. The combination of reality and fiction means turning reality into reality, such as "turning scenery into emotion", and turning reality into reality, giving abstract feelings and philosophies concrete and vivid images and using metaphors.

4. Small and big: small and big refer to the object of description. Blind writing will be limited to trivial matters; Too big is arrogant. Romanticism is relatively broad. Love poems are often trivial. Mao's poems are too big. First, be dwarfed, such as "flying around, flying around, what am I like?" But a sandpiper in the vast world! " . The second is to see the big from the small, "red apricots are full of branches in spring" and "Xiling window contains snow".

The fifth lecture on poetry mode

Modal plays a great role in teaching. Some people disagree and think that the author is bound. This is one-sided, and it can even be said that the essentials of creation and teaching are not mastered. Style is a pattern. However, beginners don't have to copy it. After a period of creation, they should consciously put aside the model, give full play to their creativity and make drafts at will. There are roughly nine modes of poetry.

Symbolic pattern

This mode can be said to be the heirloom of poetry, also known as multi-layer: it gives people images on the visual level of text symbols, and at the same time gives people infinite generalization and tolerance of meaning (a certain entity or spiritual content) on the deep associative level. Symbols are superficial and clear, and may even be stipulated by traditional reason, such as Meilan pine and bamboo, Great Wall and so on. The symbolized ontology is hidden and fuzzy. The relationship between the two should be arbitrary to facilitate creativity. Genius poets connect seemingly unrelated internal and external images through similarity, forming an amazing idea. The key is to grasp the * * * similarity between the two, and the farther away from other attributes, the better.

The central method is to choose images and form symbolic images. Image, also known as artistic image, can be said to be a cell that constitutes a large system of literature and art. Meaning-human consciousness (including emotion. Fundamentally speaking, it is people's aesthetic needs and cognitive needs), which is finally manifested in the projection and performance of the author's individual life in literature and art. Image, an objective thing outside the author, is finally objectified by the essence of the author's life. The combination of the two forms an image, and their various components and secret relationship lead to two basic literary and artistic creation methods, namely romanticism and realism, which also become the origins of expressionism and reflection theory. Compared with general images, symbolic images have specific requirements: to become the central image of the whole poem. The best symbolic image, with infinite significance, expresses the author's inner world as much as possible and becomes the universe of artistic individuality.

Generally speaking, the titles of such poems are written with symbols (even characters). However, the inner noumenon, that is, the feeling of the author's individual life, is what poetry really wants to write.

all empty

Hold your breath for a moment,

How I want to hear about you!

But you're safe and quiet,

What do you have to say?

Stretching out trembling fingers,

How I want to touch you!

But you disappeared without a trace,

What kind of body do you have?

Open your eager eyes,

How I want to see you!

But you are transparent and colorless,

How beautiful are you?

But I know very well,

I can't live without you for a moment.

I have you in my life,

You breathe with me. ...

In this poem, air becomes the symbolic image of the structural center. Quiet, transparent, plain and invisible air contains the author's endless thoughts-pure and noble love and infinite pursuit of life, which really support the author's life, but it is so far away and out of reach. Most people are not!

The sixth lecture on poetry mode

Transverse mode

This kind of poetry intercepts a fragment of life or consciousness, describes a series of images, or expresses the author's feelings and consciousness with a series of metaphors. Many landscape poems are like this. Create artistic conception as much as possible. Such as Du Fu's Spring Hope.

Longitudinal mode

This kind of poetry takes the advancement of the author's observation point as a clue, and integrates what he sees, hears and feels with the passage of time or the expansion of space. For example, He Jingzhi's Back to Yan 'an. This kind of poems are generally long, mostly narrative poems.

Sublimation mode

This kind of poem is generally divided into two parts, the front is gentle foreshadowing, and the back is full of new ideas, which leads to dramatic advancement and sublimates feelings and artistic conception to a new height. Most of the old-style poems of "expressing ambition" adopt this model, in which the scene is written in the front, the scene is blended, and the ambition is written in the back, and there is affection in the ambition. Such as Mao Zedong's "Qinyuan Spring Snow".

Beaded pattern

This kind of poem is composed of several parts with the same structure and some same poems. Recite repeatedly. There are many such poems in The Book of Songs.

The seventh lecture on poetry

Confession mode

Express your feelings directly and use judgmental discussion, also known as discussion mode. Romanticism has a long history, and most of them use lyrical comments, that is, confessions. Many political poems and philosophical poems belong to this "traditional confession". This kind of confession is not easy to write well First of all, the author must reach the highest level of understanding and experience of an era. Among the western modernists, Whitman's Leaves of Grass is a work connecting the past with the future, and confessions are widely used, so that American poetry represented by allen ginsberg's Howl has formed a confession school, which has occupied the mainstream position since 1950s. Most of China's "third generation" poems in 1980s belong to "confession" poems. Different from the previous romantic confession, the confession in contemporary poetry can be called "anti-traditional confession": deliberately posing anti-tradition-opposing culture, aesthetics, individuality, rationality and even the poem itself, but actually limiting the subject matter to the circle where my personal life experience is mainly my feelings. More use of the first person, informal, reveal their feelings about life and even privacy in daily oral English, and sometimes touch the society and criticize to a certain extent. Confessional poems emphasize language, form and meaning, and even write entertaining and documentary poems, calling themselves "drama" poems. As an exploration of poetry as a whole, "Confessional Poetry" can be said to have a historical role from social criticism to individual life affirmation.

Author: Hanshan Autumn Moon 2005-11-214:15 Reply to this statement.

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2 Poetry Writing Skills (Part Two)

Pictographic pattern

The lines of the poem are arranged according to the shape of the central image and become hieroglyphics. For example, the French poet Apollinaire's The Killed Dove of Peace. Another example is the poem of Taiwan Province poet Bai Biao, which is like a landscape painting (lines from right to left, words from top to bottom). It is a metaphor that a wanderer is like a cedar far away from mountains and lakes.

The eighth lecture on poetry mode

Modern mode

Transplanted from western modernist poetry. It is obviously different from traditional poetry in content and form. It thinks that content is form and form is content, so it pays more attention to innovation in form. It describes the split and absurdity between individuals and society, nature, others and even self, and reflects the spiritual crisis, abnormal psychology, pessimism, despair and nihilism brought about by the high development of capitalist society. Emphasis on inner expression-in fact, it is just an unpredictable instinct (desire, especially sexual desire) and subconscious. The main methods used are: ① Thought perception, that is, abstract sensory enjoyment. Combining abstract thoughts with concrete images directly, "Feel thoughts like smelling roses (Eliot)". Such as Dance of Strength, Faint Will and Wet Soul. ② Free association. This kind of association is not inherent in the thing itself and recognized by everyone, but an association written by personal intuition and illusion. For example, "Sunshine is a football kicked by the sun". (3) Language forms change at will to indicate feelings, imagination and mental state at a certain moment.

As quoted above, e cummings, the sun goes down.

Understanding mode

Some lines of this kind of poems are arranged in abstract figures, showing a certain trend of meaning. For example, the line arrangement in the second half of Sunset suggests that wind chimes fluctuate in the strong wind.

Another example is the moon in the Mid-Autumn Festival.

Sang hengchang

Ever since my mother left me forever,

I stopped looking at it,

I'm afraid of those tears.

fail

Moisten the world.

Attachment: the present situation of poetry

First, traditional realistic poetry-rational content. Such as Guo Xiaochuan's "Green Yarn Account-Sugarcane Forest". Such as "chalk song".

The second is obscure poetry-the essence that is not obscure. Such as "Open Your Eyes" by Gu Cheng.

Third, the third generation-avant-garde, avant-garde and so on.

The fourth is "upsurge poetry". For example, Wang Guozhen's poems.

I also searched by Baidu, hoping to help you!