How to play Rubik's cube

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I. Introduction

Traditional Rubik's Cube, 3*3*3, 6-sided cube. The most basic way to play the Rubik's Cube is to restore the disturbed squares to the results of six-sided monochrome.

Terminology:

Faces: The six faces of the Rubik's Cube. Each side consists of 9 color blocks, forming the shape of a well, such as:

+ - + - + - +

| | | |

+ - + - + - +

| B | A | |

+ - + - + - +

| C | | |

+ - + - + - +

Because a block is always motionless, we use a as the reference color of this surface.

Face: A face of the Rubik's Cube (regardless of color), that is, a group of nine small squares on a plane.

Edge: The set of four edges of a surface.

Angle: The set of four vertex angles of a surface.

Stop: that is, the stop fixed on both sides. (a in the figure)

Side block: that is, the one where two faces intersect in the middle of three blocks (B in the figure). The edge block has the color of two faces. * * * has 12 edges in total.

Corner block: that is, the block at the vertex position where three faces intersect (C in the figure). The corner block has three colors. There are eight angles in all.

Layer: Put the Rubik's Cube on the desktop. The Rubik's Cube can be divided into three layers from bottom to top. The second layer is a strip, and the first and third layers are complete faces with a circle of angles.

Orientation: front, back, left, right, up and down: face one side of the Rubik's cube to yourself. Hold the sides gently with your left and right hands. The face facing you is called the front, the left hand side is left, the lower layer is down, the right hand side is right, the upper layer is up, and the invisible side parallel to the front is the back. Orientation is relative.

Rotation: represented by three symbols,+,-and 2,+means 90 degrees clockwise,-means 90 degrees counterclockwise, and 2 means clockwise or counterclockwise 180 degrees.

Second, restore the first floor.

To restore the Rubik's cube to six sides, I usually use the "layered method", that is, the color of the Rubik's cube is adjusted layer by layer (called "reduction"), the first layer is adjusted, then the second layer is adjusted, and then the third layer is adjusted.

For convenience, we label the number of layers of the Rubik's Cube as 1, 2, 3 from top to bottom.

The first floor repair is divided into two steps: the first floor top surface repair and the corner block adjustment.

Generally speaking, there is no fixed method to restore the top surface. Pay attention to the color adjustment according to the color of the top block, and try not to move the blocks that have been put in place.

Basic principle: Edge blocks take precedence over corner blocks, and edges are restored one by one.

+ - + - + - +

| A | 2 | 4 |

+ - + - + - +

1 | A | 3 |

+ - + - + - +

| A | A | A |

+ - + - + - +

For example, in the above picture, the better adjustment sequence is 1, 2, 3, 4, so it is not easy to remove the color of A that has been adjusted.

Next, introduce some basic techniques to repair the top surface.

Draw an expansion diagram to represent the three-dimensional Rubik's cube.

+ - + - + - +

| 7 | 6 | 5 |

+ - + - + - +

| 8 | Top | 4 |

+ - + - + - +

| 1 | 2 | 3 |

+ - + - + - +

+ - + - + - + + - + - + - +

| b | c | d | | j | k | l |

+ - + - + - + + - + - + - +

| e | front | f ||| q | right | m |

+ - + - + - + + - + - + - +

| i | h | g | | p | o | n |

+ - + - + - + + - + - + - +

+ - + - + - +

| | r | s |

+ - + - + - +

|||||||| Down ||

+ - + - + - +

| | | |

+ - + - + - +

Note: Before all operations are completed, do not turn the Rubik's Cube, but turn the six faces by hand, keeping the orientation of the six faces unchanged.

The simplest:

G turns to 5: back-down+back+, so I won't go into details about similar things.

G to 3: front+bottom+front-

R to 2: left-right+up 2 left+right-

Q to 8: Left+Up-Down+Front-

H to 2: Front+Up+Down-Left-

B to 1: front-bottom-front+adjust before doing it. The side blocks are similar.

Other situations can generally be adjusted to the above five situations. The key is to get familiar with it.

Generally speaking, when restoring the top surface, we only care about the color of the top surface, not too much about the color of the first layer.

After the top surface is restored, the next step is to adjust the corner blocks of the first layer to make the color of the first layer completely correct.

First, adjust the edge block of the first layer. If the colors of the edge blocks of the first layer and the corresponding surface are different, at most two edge blocks have different colors.

+ - + - + - +

| 7 | 6 | 5 |

+ - + - + - +

| 8 | Top | 4 |

+ - + - + - +

| 1 | 2 | 3 |

+ - + - + - +

As shown in the above figure, the adjustment of the top-level side block is only similar to the case of 2,8 exchange or 2,6 exchange. If you find that three blocks is wrong, please transfer the top floor to only two blocks is wrong. There are two ways to adjust the top edge stop:

A) 2,8 exchange: left and right+front+left+right-down-front+back-left-front-back+down+left and right-

B) 2,6 exchange: left and right+front+left 2 right 2 back+left 2 right 2 front+left+right-

The side gear adjustment in these two cases is easy to remember.

After the side blocks are adjusted, locate the central cross (6, 4, 2, 8, the first five blocks) of the whole top floor, and then adjust the corner blocks.

The adjustment of corner blocks can be divided into two ways: diagonal exchange (3,7 exchange) or ipsilateral exchange (1, 3 exchange).

A) 3,7 exchange: left-right-down 2 left+right+

B) 1, 3 exchange: left+down-left-right-down+right+left+down-left-

There are relatively few steps to adjust the corner block.

Sometimes this may happen, the matching degree of corner blocks is slightly higher, and the matching of side blocks will cause the corner blocks to be messy. At this time, you can adjust the corner block first, and then adjust the side block. In short, after the top surface is restored, the first floor should be continuously rotated to see whether it is beneficial to adjust the side blocks or the corner blocks first.

Third, restore the second floor.

The reduction of the second layer of the Rubik's Cube is relatively simple, and there is only one technique.

Because we are used to making the upper layer of the Rubik's cube rotate constantly, while the lower layer of the Rubik's cube remains motionless as far as possible, we will turn the Rubik's cube upside down from the beginning of restoring the second layer and use the restored top layer as the bottom layer. Because the bottom layer can remain unchanged after a group of actions are completed, we need to check whether the bottom layer (that is, the top layer we restored before) is still in the recovery state after each group of actions is completed.

+ - + - + - +

| | | |

+ - + - + - +

|||| In ||

+ - + - + - +

| | h | |

+ - + - + - +

+ - + - + - + + - + - + - +

| | r | | | | | |

+ - + - + - + + - + - + - +

H2| r2| front | r 1| | h 1| right ||

+ - + - + - + + - + - + - +

| | | | | | | |

+ - + - + - + + - + - + - +

As shown in the above figure, basically only the edge blocks similar to hr need to be adjusted to the position of r 1h 1 or r2h2 for the second layer recovery. The color of R is the same as that of the previous one. If not, rotate the third layer to make R the same as the previous one.

It is also easy to find the hr block. If the edge block of the second layer is incorrect, then the correct edge block must be in some other edge block position of the second layer or in the edge block of the third layer. If it is on the edge of the third floor, the color of hr is different from that of upstairs. If there is a color in hr that is the same as the color of the superstructure, it means it belongs to the superstructure, but it is in the wrong position. So we need to find the marginal block on the second floor.

The repair method of the second layer side block is as follows:

A)rh to r 1h 1: Shang+right+Shang-right-Shang-Qian-Shang+Qian+

B)rh to r2h2: up-left-up+left+up+front+up-front-

It can be found that case B is actually a symmetrical operation of case A. ..

Sometimes, two side blocks of the second floor are staggered from each other. At this time, just use the second layer side block to adjust and replace one second layer side block with any third layer side block.

After the four side blocks of the second floor are adjusted, the upper floor of the last floor is restored.

Fourth, restore the third floor.

The restoration of the third layer is the most difficult in the restoration of the whole Rubik's Cube, because the restoration on this layer cannot affect the next two layers, and there are really too few movable squares.

The third layer of repair can adopt the order of first positioning, then color matching, first corner and then back. But when positioning, you must first side the back corner.

The first step is to adjust the position of the side block.

Like the first floor, the side blocks on the third floor are either all right or two wrong, which is the case. There are two situations where the position is wrong:

+ - + - + - +

| 7 | 6 | 5 |

+ - + - + - +

| 8 | Top | 4 |

+ - + - + - +

| 1 | 2 | 3 |

+ - + - + - +

Two, eight or two, six. There is only one trick to remember to exchange the third floor side blocks. Let's take the exchange of 2 and 8 as an example, and put the Rubik's cube on the top surface as shown in the figure, and the position has been aligned with the side blocks of 4 and 6:

2,8 exchange: right+up+right-up+right+up 2 right-

If it is a 2-6 exchange, you only need to do more than one step to change it to a 2-8 exchange. Turn the whole Rubik's Cube and make 2 or 8 exchanges.

After completing this step, the positions of the four side blocks are completely adjusted, so don't worry about whether the color of the blocks is correct for the time being.

The next step is to adjust the position of the corner block. You just need to look at the position of the corner block, and you don't need to care if it is on the right face for the time being. Align the 2, 4, 6 and 8 side blocks of the third layer with their respective faces. The corner blocks are all right, or there must be three mistakes and only one right. There must be only two situations. Suppose the position of 3 is correct now. The position of 1, 5, 7 is incorrect. Look carefully, the replacement order of 1, 5, 7 is either clockwise (1->; 7->； 5->； 1), or counterclockwise (1->; 5->； 7->； 1)。 In fact, we don't have to care whether it is clockwise or counterclockwise. As long as you take the Rubik's Cube as a whole and put the correct one on the right hand side, follow the

Adjustment position of corner blocks on the third floor: left and right+upper+upper right-left+upper+upper right-

Adjust it once and see if it works. If everything is wrong, just adjust it again without changing the position of 3.

If the judgment is clockwise or counterclockwise, it is slightly different according to the difference between clockwise and counterclockwise. The above is the situation when adjusting counterclockwise. Lower the left hand by 3 (that is, the position of 1) and then press left and right+up-left+up-right-up-left-up+left+to adjust, so that it can be done at once.

Now, the position of the corner block is correct, and only the final color change work is left.

The color of corner blocks is easier to turn. For the corner block with incorrect color, I used to put it in the upper right corner. It's easier to turn this way.

First, select a corner block with incorrect color and put it in the upper right corner, and then execute:

Basic steps of turning: (front-right+front+right -)*2

That is, repeat a set of actions similar to front-right+front+right-twice. In fact, the corner building blocks only need to repeat this action mechanically. Remember to take a look at the color of the corner building blocks on the third floor every 2 or 4 times. Repeat 6 times, and the bottom two layers will return to their original state, so the number of times to adjust the whole corner block in the above steps is an integer multiple of 6.

Repeat twice each time to see if the color of the corner block on the third floor is correct (regardless of whether the edge block and the bottom two floors are disturbed). If it is correct, turn to the third floor (be careful not to turn the Rubik's cube), adjust the next corner to the upper right corner, and then repeat it twice. If the color is not correct, continue to adjust it twice and the color will be adjusted correctly. Wait until all the corners are adjusted. The most important thing at this stage is that "front-right+front+right-"should be completed smoothly in one breath, and clearly remember how many times it has been executed since the beginning.

Now, the exciting moment has come, leaving only the last layer of edge blocks to adjust the color. Similarly, the color adjustment of the stool block, either two colors are wrong, or all four colors should be turned over.

The step of adjusting the color of the third layer edge block is relatively complicated. Suppose you need to adjust 2 now, aim at the plane where 2 is located, and execute:

The basic steps of edge block color conversion: front+top+bottom left+top+bottom back+top+bottom right+top+bottom-

Such a set of actions. Note that the color of the second layer is messy before the adjustment of the side block is completed. Never touch the Rubik's cube. After performing a set of actions, the edge block (front) has been turned over. At this point, keep the Rubik's cube still and rotate the third layer so that the next edge to be turned is placed in this position (front). There is no need to care whether it corresponds to the color of the front surface block. Repeat the basic steps above and turn the color of this side block upside down. Repeat this operation until all the edges of the third layer are adjusted, and then adjust the color of each layer. Rotate the first and third layers to make the colors of the front, back, left and right sides return to their original positions, and a restored Rubik's cube is completed.