About practicing taekwondo

Taekwondo is an antagonistic fighting event with hand and foot skills as offensive weapons. It is a modern competitive sport with martial arts and fighting as the core, self-cultivation as the basis, and tempering people's will and inspiring people's spirit as the purpose. Through the training of Taekwondo, the practitioners can be improved and developed in the aspects of code of conduct, moral cultivation and perfect personality. So it, like China Wushu, has surpassed competitive sports in the general sense.

The original intention of Taekwondo consists of three aspects. Tae means kicking. Right is to hit with fists; Tao (DO) is a subtle artistic method, and it is also a requirement for practitioners' moral cultivation. It is a kung fu with footwork as the main method, and footwork accounts for more than 70%. Traditional Taekwondo includes basic skills such as moves (routines), weapons, grasping, locking and self-defense. Modern Taekwondo is only a part of traditional Taekwondo, including style, fighting and technical examination. Its technical action is simple, practical and easy to learn, which integrates fighting, standardization and education.

Second, the origin and development of Taekwondo:

Taekwondo, known as Taekwondo Heel and Flower Dao Lang in ancient times, is a folk martial art that originated in ancient Korea. The origin and development of Taekwondo can be traced back to the distant past. Since humans first learned to protect themselves, the original characteristics of Taekwondo have naturally formed. In the course of its development, it is human beings who constantly recognize and explore their own physiological and psychological potential, and through countless times of thinking and promotion, countless times of experiments and experiences, the fighting technology of Taekwondo has developed into what it is today-a moral and scientific martial arts fighting technique.

Around the first century BC, Goguryeo, Silla and Baekje rose one after another. Koguryo is in the north of the Korean peninsula, Silla is in the southeast and Baekje is in the southwest. These three countries rose one after another, annexed land and attacked each other, and gradually became a tripartite confrontation. With years of fighting, Taekwondo, a martial art used in fighting, has also developed greatly.

Up to now, in the tombs built by Koguryo people, scenes of two people grabbing each other's shoulders and sumo wrestling can be seen everywhere on the walls. Due to the uncertain situation in North Korea at that time, in order to cope with these inevitable wars, the samurai naturally took Taekwondo as a compulsory subject and conducted strict training, which greatly promoted the development of this martial art, as evidenced by the siege map of the warriors built by the Murals of Mitsuka. Judging from these rudiments of Taekwondo, which appear in a large number of murals, Koguryo extensively developed this sport as early as nearly 2,000 years ago.

In Silla, there is a famous place called Hualang Road (Silla divided the whole country into 12 roads at that time), where there is a special place for young people to get together. People use these parties to learn from each other and practice martial arts. It lasts from July 16 to August 15 Mid-Autumn Festival. There was no special system for selecting talents in Silla era, so the flower-lang system was developed. Flower Lang Dao is the organizational form of flower Lang system, which is to organize young people to practice martial arts together. Its purpose is "loyalty to the monarch, filial piety, trusting friends, getting cold feet and having a choice in death". This has exercised people's will and physique, and trained a group of soldiers who are loyal to the monarch and filial piety, brave and tenacious, and fearless. The selection includes a large number of paramilitary skills: archery, Jiao Jiao (wrestling), riding and shooting, handball, hunting, swing, bamboo and horse, etc. Among them, "handball" is equivalent to taekwondo today. The method of kicking each other is recorded in the book The Rhyme of the Emperor, which describes the customs and habits of Silla.

When Silla, Goguryeo and Baekje confronted each other, Tang Gaozong intervened in North Korea to help Silla destroy Baekje first, except Goguryeo. Although Baekje was destroyed, its ruling class still received assistance from Japan, and many of its remaining martial arts books were preserved. Historical Records of the Three Kingdoms is one of them. According to the records in this book, we know that King Ashin and other princes of hundreds of dynasties have always advocated martial arts. People from the city gathered in the west platform to hold an archery competition. At that time, although Baekje was the weakest, equestrian, archery and Taekwondo were popular all over the country as a game.

Taekwondo, spread from Koguryo, Silla and Baekje to South Korea for more than 1000 years, really took root and grew up in the Li Dynasty. 14 years (AD 1790), The General History of Martial Arts compiled by Li Demao at the order of Wang is a representative work of Taekwondo. In this book, not only the development of Taekwondo is explained, but also the use of various weapons is recorded in detail. However, at the end of the Li Dynasty, due to political weakness and various disputes, there was a tendency to despise Taekwondo martial arts, which led to the gradual separation of Taekwondo skills from the royal family and nobles and was practiced by a wider group of people.

19 10 After Japan invaded Korea, it established a colonial government and once banned all cultural activities. Taekwondo is doomed to disappear in North Korea. Some people who are unwilling to be lonely or forced by life leave their homeland to make a living in China or Japan, while continuing Taekwondo. More importantly, it blended with China Wushu and Japanese Wushu, and a new technical system was born. After the Second World War, self-defense rose again, and Koreans who returned from foreign countries also brought their martial arts skills back to their own countries, and gradually merged with Taekwondo, forming the current Taekwondo system.

1955 officially called North Korea's self-defense "Taekwondo". 1961September, South Korea established the Tang Shoudao Association, which was later renamed the Taekwondo Association and became the official event of the National Games. 1966 The first international organization, the International Taekwondo Federation, was established. 1973 In May, the World Taekwondo Federation (W.T.F for short) was established in Seoul. 1975 The World Taekwondo Federation was accepted as a full member by the International Sports Federation. 1980 The International Olympic Committee officially recognized the World Taekwondo Federation. 1988, 1992 and 1996 were included in the Olympic performance events three times, and were included in the official events of the Sydney Olympic Games in 2000. Up to now, the World Taekwondo Federation has 144 member countries, and more than 65 million fans have participated in the practice. 1973, World Taekwondo Association was established. More than 20 countries and regions including the United States, Hongkong, Taiwan Province Province, Japan, Malaysia, Singapore, North Korea, Philippines, Sabah, Cambodia, Australia, Ivory Coast, Uganda, Britain, France, Canada, Egypt, Austria and Mexico have joined. At present, the membership is still increasing.

From 65438 to 0988, after Taekwondo made its debut at the Seoul Olympic Games in South Korea, in order to adapt to major international competitions, the technology of Taekwondo was constantly changing and developing. There is a special technical committee at the headquarters of the World Taekwondo Federation, whose main task is to improve the current Taekwondo techniques. Of course, it seems that the movements of Taekwondo are not as smooth as before, nor do they pay so much attention to the balance of the body in sports. However, the test of Taekwondo technology today is not in appearance, but in actual combat. Specifically, the new Taekwondo technique is undoubtedly superior to the old one which is rigidly formal, even when it is attacked in the street and forced to defend itself.

Third, the development of Taekwondo in China:

Taekwondo was officially launched in China in June 1992, and the Chinese Taekwondo Association was established in July 1995. In June of the same year, 1 1 was accepted as a full member by the World Taekwondo Federation. At present, all provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, sports colleges and trade associations in China have set up Taekwondo teams one after another, and held many national training courses for Taekwondo coaches and referees. More and more people take part in the study and training of Taekwondo, and the training level is also improving year by year.

1994 1 1 The first National Taekwondo Championship was held in Kunming in 10,1about 50 athletes from all units participated. By the time the National Taekwondo Championship was held in Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province in June 1998, there were 50 teams and the number of participants reached. At present, in addition to national championships and national championships, domestic and foreign invitational tournaments and friendly matches of a certain scale are also held all over the country.

Taekwondo has developed in China so far, and won gold and silver medals in various international Taekwondo competitions, showing the trend of coming from behind. In 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, Chen Zhong won the first taekwondo Olympic gold medal for China. At the 2004 Athens Olympic Games, Chen Zhong and Luo Wei won the gold medals in the 67kg class and the minus 67kg class respectively. Shixin Chen and Zhu Muyan from Taiwan Province Province, China also won the gold medal, achieving the breakthrough of zero Olympic gold medal in Taiwan Province Province.

Section 2 Features and Functions of Taekwondo

A, the classification of taekwondo:

1. Traditional Taekwondo, commonly known as Korean Taekwondo, is organized by the International Taekwondo Federation (ITF). Do not wear other protective gear in the competition, only wear gloves and foot covers; You can start in the rules. From the technical requirements and the emphasis on hitting effect, it is closer to China Wushu.

2. Competitive Taekwondo, also known as Korean Taekwondo, is an international organization called WTF (World Taekwondo Federation). Wear protective gear without gloves during the competition; Boxing can't hit the head. More emphasis on safety and sports competitiveness.

Compared with the two, traditional taekwondo is closer to actual combat. In order to enter the Olympic Games and meet the requirements of modern sports safety and competitiveness, competitive Taekwondo has made a series of rules modifications on the basis of traditional Taekwondo. Due to the different rules, the application of technology and style are different. This textbook mainly introduces competitive taekwondo.

Second, the characteristics and functions of Taekwondo:

1, function:

(1) Use both hands and feet, mainly legs. The subtle and changeable leg technique is an important feature that distinguishes Taekwondo from other martial arts, and the proportion of leg technique is as high as 70%. Taekwondo theory holds that in human limbs, the strength of legs is much higher than that of hands, which has a great deterrent effect when attacking, so the leg method is advocated. In the game, the technique is often only used to defend the block, and the main action in the attack is to score points by changing legs or to hit the opponent hard. The guiding role of rules also promotes the development of Taekwondo to the flexible leg method.

(2) The method is simple and clear. Taekwondo is relatively simple and practical in both leg technique and technique. In actual combat, fists, palms, hands and arms are often used to block defense, and the combination of continuous and rapid leg attacks is rarely used to dodge defense. The attack emphasizes rigid control, direct contact, strong attack and hard play, and the attack route is straight, so as to shorten the distance between two points as much as possible to increase the effectiveness of the attack.

(3) Internal and external training with unique methods. Taekwondo training and competition are all with bare hands and concentration. Long-term training in hand and foot diseases has produced destructive power that ordinary people can't reach. This is a combination of internal and external forces. In order to test the technical level of athletes, inanimate objects such as boards and bricks are generally taken as reference, rather than the human body as the target. Skill testing is an important link in Taekwondo training, promotion examination, performance and competition, which shows its unique skills and training methods.

2. Function:

(1) Improve and enhance physical fitness: Taekwondo's technical movements are coordinated with the whole body, mainly through various leg moves. It can promote the development of human strength, speed, agility, endurance, coordination and other comprehensive physical qualities, and has the function of strengthening the body. Practitioners often improvise tactics in competition and peacetime training, or attack quickly, or take the initiative to retreat and counterattack, or cheat in the air, or kick after kicking, which plays a very good role in improving the flexibility of nerve center and the ability to dominate various organs.

(2) Self-defense: Taekwondo is a combination of direct contact and confrontation, fighting and competition, and attack and defense. While practicing and mastering various offensive and defensive techniques, we should improve the flexibility and reaction ability of the human nervous system and various sports qualities, and enhance the ability to strike and fight. Therefore, in practice, I naturally mastered the practical skills of fighting and self-defense.

(3) hone the will and cultivate the cultivation of improving character. Taekwondo advocates the martial spirit of "ceremony begins and ceremony ends". Its purpose is courtesy, honesty and shame, patience and self-denial, and perseverance. Through the training of Taekwondo, we can cultivate the perseverance, courage and perseverance of practitioners, especially paying attention to "learning etiquette before learning art, learning martial arts before learning morality". Practitioners should cultivate the noble moral quality of modesty, tolerance and comity from the very beginning, and have the sentiment of respecting teachers and respecting morality, being polite and trustworthy, and being brave in taking responsibility, which will influence the society.

(4) Entertainment and appreciation: Taekwondo is a highly antagonistic sport. In the competition, the players of both sides not only fought bravely, but also paid attention to skills and wisdom, especially the superb leg skills of Taekwondo, which has high ornamental value. It is not only regarded as the sport of the brave, but also gives people the enjoyment of beauty, pleasing to the eye, inspiring people's fighting spirit, inspiring people's enterprising spirit, achieving the aesthetic feeling of entertainment and cultivating people's moral sentiments.