Exploring the journey of Fan Zhongyan, a famous minister, to view the spiritual world of the Song Dynasty scholar-officials

Introduction The Tang and Song dynasties are in a period of great social change, the political landscape has changed a lot, and the political changes on the political subjectivity of the officials of the scholars and officials is particularly large, they write a family tradition, the founding of the Village, and other actions to reflect their inner world, the life of a generation of famous ministers, Fan Zhongyan, is also a life of displacement, the path of the relegation of the official is also the case. Therefore, Dummy decided to explore the spiritual world of the Song Dynasty scholars from the new perspective of Fan Zhongyan's life course. Fan Zhongyan Fan Zhongyan's "Three Lights" Walk Fan Zhongyan was orphaned at the age of two, and his mother remarried, while his stepfather regarded him as his own son and supported him in his studies. When Fan Zhongyan was studying at the Liquan Temple in Shandong Province, he "broke pieces of porridge" and set his mind on suffering; when he was studying at the famous Suiyang Academy, he was y inspired by the spirit of Qi Tongwen, and he gradually formed a cultural self-awareness of "taking the whole world as one's own responsibility". As Fan Zhongyan stepped into the imperial court, he kept practicing this ideal and drove a large number of scholars, thus sublimating this cultural self-consciousness into a spirit of the times. "Fan Zhongyan struggled to realize his ideals throughout his life, but because he was too persistent in his ideals, he often hit a wall in practice. Fan Zhongyan for the official speech has been deposed three times, and once more than a miserable. "The first school manager, disobedience to Zhang Xian Empress will, depreciation of spare Hezhong. Later, he became the Secretary, because of the abolition of Guo Hou, the rate of admonition officers, the Royal Historian of the Court of the unsuccessful fight, and deported to Mutsu. After the day after the chapter of the cabinet, the Kaifeng Prefecture, writing "Hundred Officials" into the presentation, the Prime Minister angry, said: this Zhongyun all from the whirlpool pew, An with his phase? I beg to dismiss. Emperor Renzong angry, down to Raozhou" - "Xiangshan Wild Records - Continued" This is Fan Zhongyan's three times by the deportation, and these three times by a few temperament of the officials at the time of praise. The first time he was deposed, his bureaucratic friends called him "extremely honorable in this line", the second time he was deposed, his bureaucratic friends called him "more honorable in this line", and the third time he was deposed, his bureaucratic friends called him "especially honorable in this line". The third time he was deposed, his friends and colleagues called him "this trip is especially bright", which is known as ""Three Lights"". Every time Fan Zhongyan will give a smile, just this "three light" smile is really a bitter smile, human feelings, cold and warm, the world is cold, when people are in trouble, the feeling is very deep. In the last deportation, there were very few people to send off, and even those who went to say goodbye were mostly in response to the scene, and only Wang Qi sincerely admired the farewell. On the way to Raozhou, "the waterway officials, more than ten states, no one out of the welcome". But Fan Zhongyan still adhere to the ideals, on the way to deportation should be a good friend Teng Zijing's appointment, go to Yuezhou to meet friends, write down the famous piece "Yueyang Tower Records" as a clear will: "the world's worries first, after the world's happiness and joy." Nevertheless, at this time Fan Zhongyan is no longer young and vigorous years, already worth the twilight, was relegated to the "three light" line of official career, more and more to make its state of mind back to rationality and reality. Fan Zhongyan founded the ideological support of the Village of Righteousness Fan Zhongyan, a lifetime of upheaval, returned to his hometown of Gusu as an official in his twilight years, where he made an amazing move, the first in Suzhou, "the Village of Righteousness". "" and returned to Gusu day, there are three thousand silk, all scattered with the coccyx, relatives, friends and old, ...... Is set days thousands of acres for the righteous estate, support the poor family." -- "clear night record" Fan Zhongyan Yi Zhuang move, historians have been happy for the historian, not stingy rhetoric to praise. In fact, Fan Zhongyan Yi Zhuang just to support the clansman, why to the late years to think of doing this thing? Associated with Fan Zhongyan's life, it is not the ancestral family, but his stepfather Zhu's deep kindness. What is valuable is that Fan Zhongyan always treated his father and brother as if they were his own. Although his ancestors, the Fan clan, did not show much kindness to him, Fan Zhongyan attributed his prosperity to the virtue of his ancestors for more than a hundred years. Therefore, we can see that Fan Zhongyan's act of running a righteous village was to accumulate virtues for his descendants, and to send his wishes for future generations, and the fact that his son Fan Chunren and his fourth grandson Fan Chengda became prime ministers afterward seemed to confirm this logic. However, the court officials have followed the example of the founding of the village, but most of them could not win the prominence for the future generations, but the future generations are getting poorer and poorer. In fact, Fan Zhongyan Yi Zhuang has a deeper intention, that is, to create basic reading conditions for the descendants of the Fan family in Suzhou, because the emergence of the imperial examination system for these people from the grassroots but aspiring to serve the country to provide a fast-track, breaking the monopoly of the scholarly power over the state. Therefore, Little Dork believes that Fan Zhongyan founded the Yi Zhuang as a way to send his feelings about his decades of official life, and it was precisely because of the decades of upheaval that gave birth to the idea of the Yi Zhuang. Fan Zhongyan's change of heart towards the court as an official Fan Zhongyan's whole life is always uprooted by his words, from the top boss of the offending face, Zhi Zhou, to the opposition to the main government of the Zhangxian Empress Dowager, protesting against the defense of the Emperor Renzong, until the prime minister of the current dynasty, it can be said that every word of the matter has done shocking, and every time, they are not hesitant to put themselves to death, and in this time and time again, "put himself to death ", the mentality towards speaking for the government gradually changed. Fan Zhongyan was an anomaly in the officialdom at that time. The officialdom of that time and all times were as full of yu yu guanxi and filled with open and secret struggles. We believe that most of the scholars were still full of career-mindedness when they first entered the officialdom, but after gradually familiarizing themselves with the rules of the officialdom, they would slowly wear down their edges and become smooth and worldly. For example, Fan Zhongyan asked Lu Yijian, the then prime minister, why he did not stop Han Qi from attacking the Western Xia when he knew that Han Qi would definitely lose. Prime Minister Lu replied that General Han was young and impetuous, and that he would naturally settle down only when he kept hitting the wall until his head was broken and bleeding. As expected, Han Qi later became a strong opponent of Wang Anshi's reform. However, Fan Zhongyan did not realize Lu Yijian's warning to him about Han Qi, and continued to do things with a sharp edge. He wrote a book of ten thousand words, constantly challenging the interests of all forces in the court. Due to the constant false accusations of those with vested interests in the court, Fan Zhongyan was deposed again, and his state of mind began to waver. From the point of view of his actions in his later years, the saying "Worry about the world before the world worries, and rejoice in the world after the world rejoices" is not a firm adherence to his own ideals, but more like an encouraging motto to the people of the future generations. It is more like a motto of encouragement to the future generations. Fan Zhongyan also expressed his feelings in "The Fisherman's Pride": "A cup of turbid wine will bring me home for ten thousand miles, and I have no plan for my return. The Qiang pipe is long and the frost is all over the ground. People can't sleep, and the general's white hair and the recruiter's tears." What is revealed in it should be a common human feeling - the feeling of homesickness, not the feeling of serving the country as advocated by propaganda works. At that time, Fan Zhongyan and his good friend Han Qi together in the west near the imperial summer, Han Qi because of the force of improper offensive strategy to defeat, and Fan Zhongyan force of positive defense strategy, quite effective, but because of the private and western Xia Lord Yuan Hao through the book, was falsely accused, and again by the weight, and then again, but then was used, but then the state of mind is no longer calm. In Fan Zhongyan to Han Qi a letter wrote: "...... And now the generals and officers do not think of serving the country, but hope that the fluke grace, our generation frequently into the change, can not be ambush its heart ......?" From this letter, it is not difficult to realize that at this time Fan Zhongyan to the court, although there are slight words, but still to forge ahead. After the battlefield back to the capital, by the central secret vice ambassador, but because of the proposal "ten things", advocating the implementation of the new policy, once again infringed on the vested interests of the court clergy class, because of the opposition forces continue to obstruct, "Qingli new policy" ended without a problem. This incident on Fan Zhongyan's blow is very big, also in the correspondence with Han Qi revealed that: "has begged to strike the name of the ambassador, change Pu, the same, Xiang, Deng to the county, there must be an oracle. Lone character unfavorable stripped, have gained much, must seek to be at peace, in order to complete the decline of the evening." Loss, negative emotions jumped off the page. Before this Fan Zhongyan although also repeatedly deported, but the world's ambition is still firm. But the failure of this time, completely changed Fan Zhongyan for the official say things to the state of mind and attitude, the loss of the officialdom, the ideal ambition of the negative constantly filled with Fan Zhongyan's heart. Fan Zhongyan was not as firm and idealistic as what the world thinks, but was a man who had his positive attitude towards being an official and speaking for the people worn down by the reality of the officialdom, and thus went to his hometown to escape from the world. In fact, Fan Zhongyan's situation and change of mindset is not accidental, and his contemporaries or after the era of scholars such as Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi and others, also has a similar life experience and journey of the heart. After Fan Zhongyan first created "Yizhuang", the scholars followed suit, coupled with the emergence and popularization of the phenomenon of family training and township covenant, all reflecting the new characteristics of the Tang and Song dynasties based on the supremacy of the emperor, the formation of the scholarly politics under the new characteristics of the relationship between ruler and subject under the imperial examinations as a means of such a political pattern of scholars to the construction of the spiritual world and the changes have an Such a political pattern had an important influence on the construction and change of the spiritual world of the scholarly officials. Conclusion The intensification of authoritarianism and centralization of power made the politics of the scholars deviate from the original intention of "the emperor and the scholars **** the world" as stated by Wen Yanbo, a famous minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, and to a great extent caused the centrifugal separation between the emperor and ministers, and the formation of the division between the state and the society from the level of power and influence. Most of the officials during the two Song dynasties almost experienced the up and down of the eunuchs, Fan Zhongyan mentioned above is also one of them. It is precisely because of the constant changes in the political situation of the Tang and Song dynasties that the scholar-officials sighed "Accompanying the king is like accompanying a tiger", and the spiritual world of the scholar-officials was also gradually constituted in their own ups and downs of their official careers, and the prevalence of the Song dynasty's family mottos and the founding of righteous estates and the formulation of township covenants reflected the spiritual world of the scholar-officials who were worried about their career paths and who were worried about their own end while serving as officials. They were also worried about their own future. Reference books: "Xiangshan Wild Record - Continued Record" "Clear Night Record" "Fan Wenzheng Gong Ruler" "Song History - Fan Zhongyan Biography" and so on This article was originally published, please do not reproduce! Because of the small dull gentleman limited ability, if there is something wrong, welcome to criticize and correct, thank you.