This paper discusses the characteristics of dyeing and weaving technology in the middle ages.

Answer: (1) The characteristics of dyeing and weaving technology in medieval Europe are mainly reflected in decorative patterns. The characteristics of different periods are different: ① Some symbolic figures of Christianity, such as crosses, fish and sheep, are more common in the early Christian period, and have certain religious nature compared with geometric patterns or figures, flowers and birds in ancient Greece and Rome. ② During the Byzantine period, realistic figures such as horseback riding, hunting, lions and peacocks appeared in the fabric, as well as decorative patterns such as beading and tying branches. Romanesque tapestry patterns became more complicated. In addition to ordinary religious figures, there are also large-scale plot performances, and some directly imitate pocket paintings and murals. (3) Gothic period was the flourishing stage of textile technology in the Middle Ages. At that time, Lucca in central Italy was the center of silk tapestry and wool tapestry, where many Greek and Islamic craftsmen gathered, and their products were exported to all parts of Europe. The pattern design embodies the ingenious combination of Gothic naturalism and the influence of China silk patterns, and forms an artistic effect with gorgeous patterns, elegant colors and fresh and lively expressions, which is quite oriental. There are animal and plant patterns such as eagles, birds, deer, leopards and flowers in the works, as well as landscape and plot graphics. Due to the influence of Christianity, Italian fabrics also have decorative patterns with religious themes, such as the life of Jesus and the coronation of the Virgin Mary, which often appear in tapestries.

(2) In the textile technology of the Middle Ages, the production of tapestries was extremely special. Especially loved by churches, nobles and businessmen, because large churches and mansions needed tapestries as decoration at that time, and medieval princes, knights and senior clerics often moved to other places, and tapestries as interior decoration were also convenient for transshipment. Of course, hanging tapestries indoors can also prevent moisture and cold. Tapestry will also be hung in the street during the prince's wedding or religious sacrifice. The linen wool embroidery tapestry in the Spanish Cathedral Museum has exquisite embroidery skills and rich color effects, which shows the biblical content Genesis and is regarded as a typical work of Roman tapestry.