Cell engineering breeding in biological breeding

Cell engineering breeding refers to the method of obtaining hybrid cells through cell fusion and cultivating hybrid plants through tissue culture by using the totipotency of cells.

The material basis is that the DNA of all living things consists of four kinds of deoxynucleotides. Its structural basis is that the DNA of all living things is a double helix structure. Genes in one organism's DNA can be expressed in other organisms in the same way because they use a set of genetic codes. This breeding method needs two kinds of tool enzymes (restriction endonuclease and DNA ligase) and a vector (plasmid), and the plasmid must have corresponding recognition genes to carry out gene detection. For example, after the human insulin gene is transferred into the DNA of Escherichia coli, it can guide the synthesis of human insulin in the cells of Escherichia coli; Cultivate insect-resistant cotton plants; The nitrogenase gene of nitrogen-fixing bacteria was transferred into plant DNA molecules to cultivate nitrogen-fixing plants.